"Today, nearly everything is made in China - except courage; it's made in Palestine." - Anthony Bourdain.

Anyone conversant with world affairs knows what's happening in the Middle East. One does not have to belong to a particular faith to take an interest in events there because, where humanity is concerned, all divine religions agree on the sanctity of human life.

Even though Nigeria has unending problems, that does not mean one should shut out other humans and their suffering. It's like saying we don't have enough food, so we would not give someone in dire need, even a bite.

We have seen the devastating attacks on the Gaza Strip, Lebanon, and Syria by Israel. The situation in Gaza, with a population of about 2.5 million, is particularly tragic. As of March 4, 2025, over 50,000 men, women, and children have been killed, according to the Gaza Health Ministry. Among them are 166 journalists and media workers, 120 academics, and over 224 humanitarian aid workers, including 179 employees of the United Nations Relief and Works Agency for Palestine Refugees in the Near East (UNRWA), a UN agency established to provide assistance and protection to registered Palestinian refugees.

It is estimated that 80 per cent of the Palestinians killed were civilians, and 70 per cent of those killed in residential buildings or similar housing were women and children. At least 112,719 have been wounded. In other words, one in every 50 people in Gaza has been killed, and one in every 20 has been injured.

Similarly, nearly 70 per cent of all structures in Gaza have been destroyed or damaged, along with 92 per cent of all housing units. There is nothing left except rubble, which the United Nations has said would take at least 15 years to clear, with 100 trucks working full-time, and reconstructing the Strip would require over $53bn.

The destruction is deliberate. And Israel, which has a displacement agenda, does not want the area rebuilt; it wants Gazans to leave the land completely, and finally. The best way to achieve that is to kill and maim them, destroy their lands, and render them homeless - in short, make the environment unfit for living.

This idea was echoed by Israel through Donald Trump's mouth when he opined that the people there should be displaced elsewhere, "where they would be safe, where no one would kill them." He did not mention who wanted to kill them and why, even though the world knows who. He did not say anything about sanctioning those who have wrought this murderous expedition on hapless civilians. No, instead, he continued arming Israel with devastating weapons. When he recently stopped aid to other countries, Israel was not affected.

When that idea of displacing Gazans on behalf of Israel met a brick wall, Israel, with America’s encouragement, reneged on the ceasefire and, in a strategy of territorial nullification, resumed its attacks to make Gazans so disillusioned as to leave their land. Food, medicine, and other relief materials were denied entrance to the beleaguered, desolate, and hungry Gazans during the holy month of Ramadhan. Sometimes, Israel even dropped poisoned candies for hungry children.

Jeffrey David Sachs, an American economist and public policy analyst who is a professor at Columbia University, said: “Israel, under Netanyahu, has planned seven wars in five years to overthrow foreign governments that oppose Israel’s domination and recreate the map of a ‘New Middle East’ without a Palestinian State. Rather than making peace, Netanyahu makes endless war.”

In a write-up in many international policy journals titled Defending the U.S. from the Israel Lobby, Sachs said, “The governments to be fought and dismantled are those of Iraq, Syria, Lebanon, Libya, Somalia, Sudan, and Iran.”

But Israel does not fight directly; it uses America. It's like the case of the tail wagging the dog, with Israel being the tail and America the dog.

He further wrote, “Iraq was to be the first of the seven wars in five years, but as Fritz explains, the follow-up wars were delayed by the anti-U.S. Iraqi insurgency. Nonetheless, the U.S. eventually went to war or backed wars against Iraq, Syria, Libya, Somalia, Sudan, and Lebanon. In other words, the U.S. carried out Netanyahu’s plans—except for Iran. To this day, indeed to this hour, Netanyahu works to stoke a U.S. war on Iran, one that could open World War III, either by Iran making the breakthrough to nuclear weapons or by Iran’s ally, Russia, joining such a war on Iran’s side.”

Now, only Iran remains. Apart from being one of the countries earmarked to be fought, it is the only Muslim country that is not beholden to the West or living in awe of Israel. It is independent, respects the sovereignty of other nations, and demands that its sovereignty be respected. It does not lean on any superpower, living up to the creed of its revolutionary and spiritual leader, Imam Ayatollah Khomeini, who said: "neither East nor West." There is no country on Earth that Israel loves to hate like Iran.

America has been questioning Iran's right to develop its nuclear potential for peaceful purposes.

Trump issued a two-month ultimatum: "negotiate or face military action." But for 20 months, Iran and the P5+1 (the five permanent members of the United Nations Security Council—China, France, Russia, the U.K., and the U.S., plus Germany), along with the European Union, negotiated an agreement signed in Vienna on 14 July 2015.

Called the Joint Comprehensive Plan of Action (JCPOA), the agreement placed significant restrictions on Iran’s nuclear programme in exchange for sanctions relief. But President Trump unilaterally withdrew the United States from the deal in 2018, claiming it failed to curtail Iran’s missile programme and regional influence.

So, which agreement does he now want within two months?

We should not forget that, in all this, nobody is asking Israel about its nuclear programme. While America is quick to tell the world that Israel has a right to self-defence, you never hear them say that Lebanon, Palestine, or Iran have similar rights.

Can we all see America’s double standards here? How Janus-faced it is! This can be seen in its attack on the Houthis.

America was deeply involved in the ceasefire agreement between Hamas and Israel. But when Israel, which had no intention of halting its bombardment of Gaza in the first place, reneged and stopped relief materials from reaching Gaza while intensifying its unprovoked attacks on the people, America was silent. The Houthis told the mediators of the ceasefire deal what was happening, but Israel was not cautioned. Then, the Houthis gave four days for the genocide to stop, or they would resume fighting as well.

Because the attacks and blockade continued, the Houthis blocked the Red Sea and aimed their attacks at Israeli-related ships carrying mainly cargo that might allow them to continue their war on Gaza. The Americans, who have been telling the world that they care about freedom and justice, could not tell the Israelis to stop. No. Instead, they started attacking the Houthis while continuing to give Israel money and weapons.

Jeffrey David Sachs concluded his write-up with this piece of advice: “The real issue facing the Trump Administration is not defending Israel from its neighbours, who repeatedly call, almost daily, for peace based on the two-state solution. The real issue is defending the U.S. from the Israel Lobby.”

Trump now says anything the Houthis do would be seen as done by Iran, just so the dog would do the bidding of the tail to complete the seven wars Trump has been seeking excuses for, like a man clutching at straws. Today, it is a threat to "negotiate in two months or..."; next, it is "whatever the Houthis do is done by you"; then it’s "you are producing nuclear weapons." This is America living by double standards and Janus-faced relationships. But now you see why it has to attack Iran.

War risk insurance (WRI) is an additional surcharge imposed by international shipping companies on cargo bound for Nigeria. It comprises two key components: war risk liability, which covers people and goods aboard the vessel and is calculated based on the indemnity amount, and war risk hull, which covers the vessel itself and is determined by its value.

This financial burden was initially introduced during the height of Niger Delta militancy and piracy. Although the Nigerian Bureau of Statistics does not have precise data on the total WRI payments made to international insurers, available figures indicate that Nigeria has paid over $1.5 billion in the past three years alone to Lloyd’s of London, Protection and Indemnity (P&I) insurance, and other foreign insurance firms.

The impact on Nigeria’s economy is staggering: for a Very Large Crude Carrier (VLCC) valued at $130 million, the WRI surcharge per voyage is approximately $445,000. For new container vessels valued at $150 million, the cost rises to $525,000 per voyage. Maersk, one of the world’s largest shipping companies, has also introduced a transit disruption surcharge of up to $450 per container, while other shipping lines impose a war risk surcharge of $40–$50 per 20-foot container. 

Recognising the severe economic implications of this financial burden, the Nigerian Maritime Administration and Safety Agency (NIMASA) under the leadership of Dr. Dayo Mobereola has launched an aggressive campaign to eliminate war risk insurance on Nigeria-bound cargo. The NIMASA Act and the Merchant Shipping Act mandate the agency to promote shipping development, and removing the WRI premium has become a central focus of its maritime reforms. The security concerns that originally justified these premiums no longer exist. Nigeria has not recorded a single piracy incident in over three years, and in 2021, the International Maritime Bureau (IMB) officially removed Nigeria from its list of piracy-prone countries.

Over the past five years, NIMASA, in collaboration with the Nigerian Navy, has led an unprecedented crackdown on piracy in the Gulf of Guinea, earning global recognition from the International Maritime Organization (IMO). Despite these achievements, international shipping companies have continued to impose war risk insurance premiums on Nigeria-bound cargoes. In 2023, the International Bargaining Forum (IBF) further validated Nigeria’s progress by delisting the country from the list of high-risk maritime nations. With piracy no longer a concern, why has the international shipping community continued to impose these excessive premiums?

 NIGERIA’S EFFORTS TO MITIGATE WRI PREMIUMS

To address this issue, Nigeria through the Ministry of Marine and Blue Economy and the Ministry of Defense made significant investments in maritime security through initiatives like the Deep Blue Project, which has successfully eliminated piracy in the country’s waters for over 30 consecutive months—a record unmatched anywhere in the world. In addition, Nigeria collaborates closely with the IMO and other international bodies to combat maritime threats, further reducing its risk classification. IMO Secretary-General Arsenio Dominguez has publicly commended Nigeria’s efforts in securing the Gulf of Guinea. Despite these improvements, shipowners and insurers have refused to acknowledge Nigeria’s new security status, continuing to levy exorbitant premiums on vessels operating in the country.

MOBEREOLA’S INTERNATIONAL DIPLOMACY: BRINGING GLOBAL ATTENTION TO THE ISSUE

Determined to break this cycle of financial exploitation, Dr. Mobereola under the directives of the Minister of Marine and Blue Economy, Adegboyega Oyetola took Nigeria’s case to international stakeholders, urging them to support the removal of war risk insurance premiums. In a major diplomatic move, he engaged Chatham House, where he met with Dr. Alex Vines, Director of the Africa Programme, who agreed to escalate the matter to the United Nations. NIMASA has also engaged major global shipping organisations, including:

• BIMCO (Baltic and International Maritime Council), the world’s largest shipping association.

• The International Chamber of Shipping (ICS). • INTERCARGO (International Association of Dry Cargo Shipowners).

• INTERTANKO (International Association of Independent Tanker Owners). In discussions with these organizations, Dr. Mobereola emphasized that Nigeria has invested billions in maritime security, yet continues to be unfairly penalized. He urged the global shipping community to recognise the country’s improved security status and remove the unjustified WRI premiums. 

Stinne Taiger Ivø, Deputy Secretary General of BIMCO, acknowledged Nigeria’s progress and stated that shipowners should take the lead in pushing for lower premiums. Similarly, Zhou Xianyong of INTERCARGO assured NIMASA of their support in Nigeria’s campaign to be delisted from war risk insurance premium zones. Reducing these premiums is critical for Nigeria’s competitiveness in global trade. Lower shipping costs will Encourage more international trade, Attract foreign investment, and Strengthen Nigeria’s position as a leading blue economy player.

Recently, NIMASA met with a Danish delegation led by Kristin Skov-Spilling, Chief Technical Advisor from the Danish Ministry of Foreign Affairs, urging Denmark to advocate for a reduction in war risk insurance premiums. Some critics argue that Denmark cannot intervene in private insurance matters, but this argument is flawed. Denmark has a significant interest in Maersk Line, which contributes over 15% of the country’s GDP. If Denmark exerts pressure on Maersk, other shipping companies will likely follow suit.

Dr. Dayo Mobereola and his Management team at NIMASA have successfully brought global attention to Nigeria’s unfair war risk insurance burden. Now, it is time for all stakeholders—government, industry, and international bodies—to support the removal of this unjustified premium. Nigeria has fulfilled its obligations, securing its waters and eliminating piracy. Yet, foreign insurance firms continue to profit while Nigerian businesses and consumers bear the costs. The message is clear: Nigeria cannot continue paying war risk insurance premiums indefinitely. The time for change is now and lets sustain the momentum.

OSAGIE EDWARD, FNIPR is the Head of Public Relations at the Nigerian Maritime Administration and Safety Agency, NIMASA

Nigeria these days reminds me of the popular children's novel back in the day, One Week One Trouble, written in 1972 by Anezionwu Nwankwo Okoro, a Nigerian writer and medical practitioner. 

The protagonist, Wilson Tagbo, begins secondary school, but his flaws soon put him at odds with the school system, and no week passes without him landing in fresh trouble at the school.

In our country these days, hardly a week passes without the public space being thrown ‘one trouble’ that would have everyone huffing and puffing for a while before another issue comes up to push that one aside. Only in our case, sometimes the trouble does not wait for up to one week.

Before last week, it was the vexatious Supreme Court of Judgement ruling (President Jonathan just spoke the minds of most Nigerians about the capture of that arm of government). Then there was the Natasha bombshell.

Last week, there was the declaration of a state of emergency in Rivers State and the role of the National Assembly; then there was the purported Natasha recall. What about the Corper who said ‘terrible’ alongside PBAT's name, and some hell was let loose?

But you know what? I am not touching on any of them now, as there is the appropriate time for everything. In any case, we are just writing for the records, for posterity to vindicate us. Those we write to draw their attention to where things are going wrong hardly care a hoot.

And so, distinguished Senator Natasha Hadiza Akpoti-Uduaghan reported the Nigerian Senate President (SP) and the Red Chamber to the Inter-Parliamentary Union (IPU).

Founded in 1889 by Englishman William Randal Cremer and Frenchman Frédéric Passy when there were no established means for governments or parliaments to work together internationally, it was the first multilateral political organisation in the world.

Senator Natasha’s complaint to the IPU may not see us witnessing her traducer in the dock, sweating and defensively answering questions. However, we may learn one or two things from the IPU’s proceedings and expect repercussions that may not speak well for us.

For starters, Senator Akpoti was suspended despite a valid court order restraining the Senate from sitting over her case. Why do we not respect our courts? Have they been doing things that have eroded the respect they ought to have? Perhaps President Bola Tinubu, who admonished the Rivers State Governor, Siminalayi Fubara, to obey court orders, may have to tell the Senate leadership the same.

The Ethics Committee that reviewed her case did not hear her side of the story. Compare that with the IPU Speaker, who said they must hear “from the other side”.

Natasha went to the IPU because she felt she was denied a fair hearing, the kind IPU is giving “the other side.” She might also have assumed, rightly or wrongly, that she might not get justice from the nation’s judiciary for probably two reasons. One is how the Senate, not only its Ethics Committee, went ahead to sit and punish her despite a court order. The second may be because of fear being peddled in some quarters that some powerful politicians in the country are hell-bent on “capturing” (that is if they have not already “captured”) some members of the judiciary and manipulating.

But this frustration with the system not giving the weak a level playing ground and the perception that the law courts are no longer the last hope of the common man have conspired to place Nigerians in a situation of despair. And sadness.

We should not forget that a lack of opportunity to be heard, to be offered a level playing field, and to get justice will always make one look for alternatives. Once people believe they are marked, the instinct is to seek understanding and support elsewhere. Many activists found themselves in that situation after the June 12 debacle; they reported Nigeria to the international community, and we all saw how our country became a pariah nation.

The cry of a miscarriage of justice is not limited to the masses as before. Now, even powerful politicians, some governors, can feel it. A whole state can be emasculated to serve the interest of one man and some judges would back him with legal calisthenics! The Constitution is no longer the guiding light. Sadly, those with deep pockets now play the pipe that some judges dance to. That is why they are so confident in telling you: go to court, go to court.

But then, this new reality is pregnant with danger - danger for the country and danger for constitutional democracy.

But as more Nigerians become exasperated by unbridled injustice because of an emasculated justice delivery system, we will witness them seeking justice outside our shores, amounting to reporting the country to the world. An Igbo adage says that when family members fight during a meal, the neighbours will find out what the menu is.

Natasha’s reporting to the IPU should serve as a wake-up call for Nigeria to put its house in order. All institutions and individuals in the justice dispensation system must dispense justice and be seen to do so.

I came across a video clip where the SP was labouring to get the Senate to voice a vote that Natasha must apologise in writing before her suspension is reduced. He had to take the voice vote about thrice and hit the gavel on what he wanted, not what the voice votes indicated.

It was a pathetic show and showed how a just leader should not behave. A just leader gives those beneath him their rights and behaves fairly towards them. Vindictiveness does not have room in his heart, and he can go to the high heavens to pluck his subjects’ rights and bring them back to them on earth. When a "cantankerous" subject’s dues are about to slip away, a just leader pushes them back to that subject. Magnanimity, generosity, forgiveness, justice, and fairness are the hallmarks of great leaders. Do we have a semblance of this among those who call the shots in the three arms of government? Tell yourself the answer.

To avoid washing our country's dirty linen before the glare of the international community, save ourselves from global opprobrium, and stop endangering our hard-earned democracy, our leaders must imbibe the characteristics of great leaders.

Failure to do so would only see a growing number of Nigerians going the Natasha route. Our luck is that Donald Trump’s eyes are not on Nigeria. They are on Gaza, Greenland (the world’s largest island), Canada and the Panama Canal, and he wants to annex them. If not, he would have added us among those he wants to annex.

And they closed the schools…

What is it with us northerners that we seem hell-bent on looking for anyone who would deceive us? And it is as if we beg and pray to be deceived and love the feeling. If not, why are we seething and fighting for people who close secondary schools for students to “enjoy fasting”?

The governors who closed schools all fasted as students without being chased home because the governments were sincere and did not shirk the responsibility of feeding the students. No school calendar was changed because of Ramadan. We were fed suhur (dawn) and iftar (fast-breaking) meals.  Now, the governors have budgeted billions to “feed” indigents because they know it cannot be traced. They know the amount spent feeding students can be estimated - even traced - because the students are defined and their numbers are known. What do the governors do? They send them home to their struggling parents - an indefinite hoi polloi - who they intend to feed with “billions”. Haba! Why did they not close tertiary institutions? Because it is not the government that feeds them! Please, Dan  Arewa, wake up and smell the coffee!

Imagine waking up to hear that your Governor, Deputy Governor, and State Lawmakers have all been suspended—without warning, without a court ruling, and without due process. That’s what happened recently in Rivers State, where a presidential directive removed elected officials and replaced the State Government with an Appointee. The move has shaken public confidence and raised urgent questions: Can democracy survive if votes can be so easily disregarded? If so, who is really in charge—the people or the presidency?

The Nigerian Constitution allows the President to declare a state of emergency during grave national threats such as war or natural disasters. Even then, it does not grant the President the authority to remove elected officials. If a governor must be removed, Section 188 of the Constitution outlines a specific process—impeachment—which begins in the State House of Assembly. That process must not be replaced with a unilateral broadcast from the Presidency.

That is precisely what makes the President’s action in Rivers State so troubling. The sudden suspension of a sitting governor and legislators, without impeachment or a court ruling, appears not only irregular but possibly unconstitutional. More concerning is that this precedent, once set, could be repeated in other states—and, indeed, already is. Each time it is tolerated, the foundation of Nigeria’s Federal Democracy weakens.

The idea that executive overreach can now be justified as “a child of necessity” has begun to embolden leaders and political actors at various levels. Dr. Shola Agboola, Ondo State SDP leader, publicly praised the President’s action as a wise move—likening it to the wisdom of King Solomon. He described the six-month suspension of Rivers State Officials as a strategy to "calm political nerves" and "give Governor Siminalayi Fubara a soft landing." This kind of praise reveals a growing tolerance for unconstitutional shortcuts disguised as political wisdom.

Ironically, President Tinubu once stood firmly against this kind of executive overreach. In 2013, when President Goodluck Jonathan declared a state of emergency in three northern states plagued by Boko Haram, he did not suspend elected officials. Yet Tinubu, then in opposition, accused him of trying to intimidate governors and warned that such interference would undermine democracy. That context makes his current actions not only contradictory but deeply disappointing.

Even at the height of the insurgency, Jonathan Administration respected democratic structures. Attorney-General Mohammed Adoke clarified that the Constitution did not permit the removal of Governors during emergencies. That restraint upheld the people’s mandate and preserved constitutional order—even in crisis. It is a standard worth preserving, not discarding.

In fact, this precedent has already sparked disturbing ripple effects. In states facing governance or political gridlock, citizens are now openly calling on the President to suspend Opposition Governments—not through legal oversight or constitutional means, but by executive order. This alarming shift is a direct consequence of what happened in Rivers, where unconstitutional suspension was framed as crisis management. What was once unthinkable is now being normalised—and that should concern every Nigerian who values Democracy.

Now, to justify this clear overreach, the Federal Government claims that the President merely “saved” Governor Fubara from impeachment by suspending him. This argument is not only misleading—it shifts attention away from the real issue: the violation of due process. In no democracy does a President “assist” an elected governor by bypassing constitutional mechanisms for removal. Rather than offering protection, this move undermines the people’s mandate and weakens the foundation of democratic governance.

Some have even floated the idea that a governor might invite the President to suspend them in the name of peace or political compromise. But this is both unconstitutional and out of step with democratic norms. Nigeria operates a Federal System, and Governors are not subordinates of the President—they are independently elected by the People and can only be removed through due process. The Constitution provides no room for voluntary suspension, nor does it give the President the authority to accept such a request.

Academic research supports these warnings. A major study in the European Journal of Political Economy confirms that countries with vague or unchecked emergency powers tend to abuse them—not to solve crises, but to suppress opposition. The Brennan Center for Justice has similarly warned that emergency powers must be temporary, legal, and subject to checks and balances. Otherwise, they become tools to silence critics and evade accountability.

If a Governor breaks the Law, there’s a process: investigate, charge, and impeach. That’s how democracy enforces accountability without sacrificing legality. Bypassing due process tells Nigerians that raw power—not the Rule of Law—decides leadership. And once that becomes acceptable, democracy begins to erode.

This is no longer just about Rivers. The erosion of democratic accountability has begun to fester across the system. And once that trust is broken, rebuilding it becomes nearly impossible. What we normalize today may come back to haunt all political actors tomorrow.

The National Assembly, which endorsed the Rivers State emergency, must now consider the long-term damage of its decision. Today they empower one branch to silence another; tomorrow, it may be used against them. The Constitution protects all Nigerians—not just those temporarily in control. Defending it is the only safeguard against tyranny.

True leadership is not about control. It is about restraint, lawfulness, and respect for institutions. This moment calls not for more political gymnastics, but for a return to constitutional fidelity. Because once democracy is lost—piece by piece—it rarely returns whole.

Poverty remains one of the biggest struggles in Nigeria. Millions of people hustle daily just to put food on the table. When unexpected problems like a health emergency or job loss hit, things can quickly spiral out of control. One popular way the government and NGOs try to help is through small cash grants.

However, with recent cuts to USAID funding, foreign aid is shrinking, leaving the responsibility squarely on the Nigerian Government to step up its efforts. These are direct payments given to low-income individuals and families to help them cover immediate expenses. Some experts believe that cash grants can help break the cycle of poverty by giving people the boost they need to invest in better opportunities. Others argue that while useful in the short term, these grants do not fix the bigger problems like lack of access to credit, poor infrastructure, and limited job opportunities.

One of the biggest challenges poor Nigerians face is unstable income. Imagine you’re a roadside food seller who depends on daily sales to survive. If you fall sick for a few days, you won’t be able to work, which could mean missing meals or not paying rent. Small cash grants can help smooth things over by giving families money to handle sudden problems like this.

Many studies show that when people receive small cash grants, they use them for essential needs like food, healthcare, and school fees. Some even use them to boost their businesses by purchasing more goods or expanding their services. Nigeria’s TraderMoni program provided small grants to market traders, but with inflation driving up the cost of goods and services, the N10,000 grant is no longer enough to make a meaningful impact. Rising prices have significantly reduced its purchasing power, making it difficult for recipients to sustain their businesses.

Many traders find that after buying a few essential items, there is little left to reinvest or expand their businesses. While the grant may help restock goods, it does not provide enough capital for long-term financial stability. With the high cost of living, even food and transportation costs eat into the grant’s usefulness, leaving little room for economic growth. Programs like GiveDirectly, which sends unconditional cash to people in extreme poverty, have also shown that when people get money, they make smart decisions, but the amount must be sufficient to create lasting change.

While cash grants help in the short term, they don’t fix the bigger, long-term problems that keep people poor. Many Nigerians don’t have access to loans or affordable credit. Even if they want to expand their businesses or invest in education, they can’t because banks are not always willing to give loans to low-income individuals. When they do, the interest rates can be outrageously high, making borrowing nearly impossible and further widening the gap between the rich and the poor.

Another major issue is poor infrastructure, which makes it difficult for businesses to grow. Farmers in rural areas, for example, may receive small cash grants to buy better seeds or fertilisers. However, they still struggle with bad roads, lack of electricity for storage, and unstable market prices. While the grant helps temporarily, it does not change the fact that they operate in a tough environment with limited opportunities.

High interest rate spreads also make it harder for businesses and individuals to access affordable credit. With lending rates soaring as high as 19 percent in recent years, many Nigerians cannot afford to take loans to expand their businesses or invest in productive assets. The cost of borrowing discourages investment, reduces job creation, and limits economic growth. When banks face high borrowing costs from the Central Bank, they pass these costs onto customers, making credit out of reach for many. This financial barrier, combined with shrinking foreign aid, places even greater pressure on the Nigerian government to develop policies that foster a more inclusive financial system.

At the same time, the Nigerian Government’s high borrowing levels mean that banks and investors prefer lending to the government rather than to individuals or businesses. This phenomenon, known as "crowding out," discourages private sector investment and further restricts economic opportunities. Additionally, Nigeria’s debt servicing now consumes a significant portion of government revenue, leaving fewer resources for critical development projects. This cycle of high interest rates and limited access to affordable loans deepens poverty and prevents long-term economic stability.

When people know they don’t have a safety net, they tend to play it safe. A keke Marwa (tricycle) driver who struggles with an old vehicle may receive a small grant. Instead of investing in a bigger opportunity, he may choose to fix the old keke rather than take a loan to buy a new one because he’s afraid of debt. The same happens with small business owners who prefer low-risk ventures instead of taking the leap into bigger, more profitable businesses.

This fear of risk is common in poor communities because people cannot afford to fail. Without proper support systems like insurance, credit access, and financial education, many Nigerians will always choose stability over potential long-term growth. For cash grants to have a lasting impact, they must come with broader changes. More people need access to loans, savings, and insurance to help them take smarter risks and grow financially.

Programmes that combine cash grants with financial training can help recipients make better investment choices. Better roads, electricity, and internet access will make it easier for small business owners and farmers to scale up their operations. Instead of relying only on handouts, the government should create more opportunities through skill development and vocational training. Job placement programs can also help people find stable sources of income.

Local cooperatives or community savings groups can provide long-term support for those who receive cash grants. This will ensure they continue to grow after the grant money is spent and reduce dependence on one-time cash aid. Small cash grants provide relief but are not a permanent solution to poverty in Nigeria. With foreign aid like USAID no longer as reliable and high interest rates making borrowing difficult, the government must invest in long-term economic solutions rather than temporary handouts.

While cash grants help people get through tough times, the bigger challenge is creating an environment where people can take risks, grow businesses, and build wealth. This means fixing financial systems, improving infrastructure, and ensuring access to better jobs. The real question is whether we should keep giving out small cash grants or focus more on changing the systems that make people poor in the first place. A balanced approach—providing immediate relief while tackling long-term barriers—is the key to sustainable poverty reduction in Nigeria.

"It's a matter of taking the side of the weak against the strong, something the best people have always done." - Harriet Beecher Stowe.

Not as many people know the popular novel Uncle Tom's Cabin (1852), which depicts the harsh conditions experienced by enslaved African Americans, as they know its author, Harriet Elisabeth Beecher Stowe (June 14, 1811 – July 1, 1896). She was an American Author and Abolitionist. Coming from the religious Beecher family, her book reached an audience of millions as both a novel and a play. It became influential in the United States and Great Britain, energizing anti-slavery forces in the American North while provoking widespread anger in the South.

As an abolitionist—someone who sought to abolish slavery—and advocate for the full emancipation of enslaved people, Harriet stood by the weak. There is virtue in standing by the weak and vulnerable. It is also a core Islamic virtue, exemplified by Prophet Muhammad's actions and teachings. A virtue rooted in compassion, justice, and the protection of the vulnerable. He stood for the oppressed, including the poor, orphans, and widows.

But Natasha is neither poor nor a widow. The beauty who made heads turn on her first day in the Senate (recall the senator who had to be called to order when he started talking about her beauty on the Senate floor) is also not voiceless.

But despite a beauty so astounding that a former senator, who was also a minister, had to confess to the world that: “The beauty of Distinguished Senator Natasha is a problem to her,” and that “there is no way, when she is passing, that a man will not look at that woman,” my leaning towards her is because she is the underdog, and I am one person who loves to pitch his tent with the underdog. Some say this predilection is rooted in compassion, empathy, justice, and a commitment to protecting those who cannot defend themselves.

However, Natasha is an Amazon who can defend herself. Ask Yahaya Bello. I am sure he would tell you she is "one hell" of an uncommon woman he would never want to have as an opponent. And this is why I laughed when the Senate President (SP), Godswill Akpabio, lamented that her actions had traumatised the Senate. That ₦15bn clinic he plans to build for senators should be a Trauma Centre because, with Natasha, as the Americans would say, "he ain't seen no trauma yet."

Even her name, Natasha, is uncommon in Nigeria. Though well-known and commonly used in Ukraine, it is Russian. It is a diminutive form of the Latin name Natalia, meaning "born on Christmas Day" or "birthday of the Lord." She might have gotten that name courtesy of her Ukrainian mother, Ludmila Kravchenko, from Rakitna, Chernivtsi, in Ukraine. But without a doubt, her beauty was inherited from her mother. It looks like it is not only the beauty she got from her mummy but also her fighting spirit. Did you not see how Ukraine took on Mighty Russia? We are not talking about the wisdom, but the "balls" to not back down from a fight.

Again, that fighting spirit may have come to her from two sides. Barrister Natasha Hadiza Akpoti, born on December 9, 1979, in Ilorin, was sired by a Nigerian Igbira father, Dr. Jimoh Abdul Akpoti, from Ihima, of the Emani clan in Kogi State. The Igbira are known warriors, but those of Iheme, particularly the Emani, are more dreaded.

Many people tend to assume that Natasha was suspended—a suspension that is under contention—for six months because she alleged that the SP harassed her sexually. No, the "gadfly" belle of the red chamber was hammered with a six-month suspension purportedly because she went against a Senate rule. And going against Senate rules means your constituency would pay for it by your suspension! But we know West Idahosa (SAN), revealed that he heard the SP instructing that Natasha’s suspension be prepared even before the Ethics Committee deliberated on her “crime.”

One may want to know where the other female senators were when their colleague was being hounded. Rightly or wrongly, there is an unwritten law for kindred to look out for each other, even if they would talk the truth to themselves behind closed doors later.

However, those waiting to see that may wait till “Thy Kingdom Come” because Nigerian women are not known to stand by their ilk. Sarah Jibril can attest to that. Despite her advocacy for the emancipation and empowerment of Nigerian women and children, she got only one vote (apparently hers) at the 2011 Peoples Democratic Party’s presidential primary elections despite the many female delegates who voted. She fared better four years earlier when she got four votes.

Some would say most Nigerian women prefer to behave like the women in the following story: “Soldiers entered a village and raped all the women. Only one resisted a soldier, killed him, and cut off his head! After the soldiers completed their mission and returned to their barracks, all the women came out of their houses with torn clothes, crying, except her! She exited her house with the soldier's head in her hands. Her look was full of pride, and she said, ‘Did you think I would let him rape me without killing him or him killing me?’ The women in the village looked at each other and decided that she should be killed so that their husbands would not ask them why they did not resist like her! She was attacked and murdered. They murdered Honour so that shame could live.”

Perhaps this is why Bisi Fayemi, former First Lady of Ekiti State, condemned former senators Florence Ita-Giwa and Biodun Olujimi and serving senator Ireti Kingibe for not supporting Natasha. “Senator Kingibe, Olujimi, and Ita-Giwa's submissions on Senator Natasha are very disappointing,” she said.

There was a senator who even dragged the name of his former governor into the fray to score a point and perhaps look good in the SP's books, but his governor punctured his balloon; we have not heard from him since.

Most senators behaved like conspiring vultures circling over a kill to take their share of the flesh!

Beyond all this, one can see why women, the beautiful and the not-so-beautiful ones, are sceptical of joining politics, and why husbands, the good and even the not-so-good ones, are afraid to let their wives associate with politicians.

Natasha’s travail reveals that the opposition in Nigeria, whose vibrancy should be seen in the legislative house, is dying, if not dead. No senator from other parties was seen standing by her. It was a day when supposed vibrant senators went MIA (Missing in Action). And that is how they will each be picked, pecked, heckled, and cowered into a state of “Sidon look.”

The opposition, or probably all Senators, should read the story of the rat who called a meeting of farm animals in panic and told them that the farmer had set a rat trap. The pigeon, chicken, goat, and cow all “sympathised” with him but insisted it was his problem since they were not rats. The story ended tragically for them, minus the rat.

Natasha’s story is a lesson for all, not only politicians. Learn to fight your battles discreetly and gather enough facts. The moment your opponent not only deciphers but sees where you are going, you are a goner.

I write this from a point of pain and gratitude. Pain because of the death of a hardworking and honest man, Rotimi Olaleye, who is both a great father, as attested to by his children who he has been taking care of single handedly since his wife died about five years ago, and an honest and diligent auto mechanic, as confirmed by his clients, including yours truly. We met less than a week before his death, but he left an unforgettable impression on me, even in death.

Gratitude? I was less than 10 seconds away with my wife and first child from where Olaleye was when the fire that took his life occurred.

Let me start from when I met Olaleye on March 8, 2025 following a need to change my mechanic. I was introduced to him by the best car air conditioning technician I had ever met, Akinola Ayeni. We drove the car together on that day. He spotted some issues, including the fact that the former handler was as careless as not putting the knots that should be holding the connecting ABS wire to the wheel of the driver’s side, by just driving the car. That was quickly fixed. And he told me, very honestly, that other things had to wait until Monday, because he needed to finish some other jobs. I thereafter left happily.

On Monday, I took the car to him. He appeared meticulous. Despite the fact that I told him that on completing the work on the Highlander, which my wife uses, I was going to send in my own car for servicing, he was not in a hurry to declare the vehicle fit.

On Tuesday morning, the first accident occurred on Otedola Bridge. My wife had to return home. By the way, we live in one of the most organised estates around OPIC in Ogun State. Before she returned, Olaleye had told me to stay that he was coming to meet me as he had already spent three hours from Mowe in Ogun State and was yet to get to Berger in Lagos State, a journey of less than 30 minutes. From that time on, he kept briefing me on developments until 6pm when he told me he was now satisfied with the car.

I immediately asked him if I could head in his direction. The answer was a no. He wanted to get the car washed. I told him I would take it to the car wash the following day. He said even if I do, it should still be washed. I gave up arguing.

Then at 7pm, Olaleye told me the washing had been completed by his apprentices. I called my wife that it was time to go home. By the way, we have our offices in the same building. By the time she came downstairs to meet me, I discovered that my first daughter, Ewaoluwa, a 500 Level student of Chemical Engineering, who had requested to follow us home, was yet to leave her friend’s house. So we waited for her for a few minutes.

When we eventually set out, we discovered we needed to buy drinking water for the house. My wife and daughter said we should buy it close to the office in Ogba area of Lagos State because each bottle was N400 cheaper than what we would get close to the house. That would save us some cool N2,000. I said no because Olaleye was waiting for us. As I zoomed past the supermarket on the way, my wife said let’s buy the water. I stopped and reversed. We spent about 10 minutes doing that.

Thereafter, we meandered our way through the New Afrika Shrine area onto the Opay building, less than two minutes to where Olaleye was waiting for us. He said he was already by the gate of the mechanic village, which was to the right of Otedola Bridge, underneath. So I told him emphatically in Yoruba: “E maa ri wa ni iseju kan (You will see us in one minute).”

As we descended the bridge and approached the divider that separated those heading towards the Lagos-Ibadan Expressway and those going to CMD Road, just about 10 seconds to where Olaleye had already parked both his car and ours, my wife was the first to notice a truck that had obviously lost control.

Instinct immediately set in and I changed course towards CMD Road. And in split seconds, the truck crashed, the seal of the tanker burst open and the sky became blue, an indication that the truck was bearing gas. Between the seconds when we saw the truck and when the seal opened, I had dialled the last number on the dashboard of the car, which was that of Ayeni. It was ringing when the explosion occurred. And then followed the massive fire.

I was annoyingly slow for some people behind me. One woman came out of her car and started banging ours: “Move, move.” She did it a second time and I wound down the back glass, addressing her and my wife who had also become agitated: “We have a man down there. Let’s see if there is still something we can do before we go too far.” And then his line stopped ringing.

My head immediately told me to call Ayeni. As soon as he picked it up, he asked me: “Have you collected your car? Rotimi has parked by the gate and is waiting for you.” He did not even hear me saying there was trouble at the workshop until I shouted at the top of my voice. Ayeni, who was at Agidingbi, immediately turned back. He, alongside others, discovered the remains of Olaleye, lying face down. His apprentices who were with him said as the truck crashed, he told them to flee that he needed to “save his customer's car”. Meanwhile, his own car was just behind ours. He succeeded in turning the car around to face the workshop. But that was as far as he made it. I cried that night. Something I have not done in several years. I wept bitterly.

In the short period I knew Olaleye, I learnt a lot of lessons. He left an impact I would never forget. But it was a pity he didn’t pick my last call, which was to tell him to abandon the car and flee to safety. His meticulousness on the job was second to none from what I saw in the three days of being with him. He also knew his job. Adieu Olaleye.

STOP PRESS: I was informed as I was ending this piece that a staff of Zenith Bank Plc and his wife died in the accident. The husband was said to have just resumed from his annual vacation that day. He had just picked his wife and they were heading home when they were caught in the explosion. May their souls and those of others I do not know involved in the accident rest in peace.

To the Lagos State Government, bravo. The response by the emergency responders was swift. However, it was not enough. Only one fire truck arrived after 15 or 20 minutes of the fire. After it

exhausted its water, it took another 15 or 20 minutes for another to arrive. By the time Ayeni and others reached where Olaleye was, he was still breathing. But help did not reach him on time. But beyond that, the team did well. Despite the damages and the danger of dealing with a gas explosion, the scene was cleared well under 18 hours.

To the company that owns the truck that lost its brake and ended up ending no fewer than five lives and consuming properties that included cars and buildings, Second Coming Gas Company, I am torn between knocking them and giving them kudos. This was because of their response to the victims who were admitted in the hospital. The following day, the management staff had reached out to those in the hospital and met with the executives of the technicians association affected. They were making plans, like some of us are doing, to reach out to the children of Olaleye. I was told their mum died about five years ago. And the company is in discussion with the technicians on how to alleviate their losses.

But they could have done better. That truck was faulty as those who passed by it on CMD Road before it crashed noticed. The driver was, obviously, trying to manage it into the station on CMD Road. I imagine if it was in the station, which had drinking bars and other joints around it, the truck crashed.

I also pity Lagosians who have to pay N15,000 for third party insurance but get no benefit when the accident involves fire as a representative of Nicon Insurance Limited said. It amounts to gifting the company money for rendering limited services.

To the Federal Road Safety Corps and Lagos State Traffic Emergency Management Agency, you still have a long way to go. It appears the traffic laws in Lagos are meant more for private vehicle owners. Whereas we know that most infractions are committed by commercial vehicle owners, including the trucks that bear inflammable and heavy materials. When these agencies exercise their mandates fully, it is then those with warped minds will come to the realisation it is drivers who have no regard for lives and properties that are the cause of accidents on the Otedola and Kara Bridges.

In the realm of Political Leadership, the Presidential Oath is a solemn Promise to uphold Justice, Accountability, and Ethical Governance. Historical figures like Abraham Lincoln and George Washington set a high standard of moral leadership and unifying vision. Their legacies remind us that leadership should serve the public good above all else. However, recent actions by President Bola Tinubu raise serious concerns about his commitment to these ideals.

For many Nigerians, Tinubu was once admired as a stalwart of democratic ideals and ethical governance. His legacy is especially notable given his historical role in restoring democracy alongside stalwarts like my uncle, General Alani Akinrinade, during the struggle against Sani Abacha’s oppressive regime. Such partnerships once symbolised a commitment to national unity and moral leadership. Today, however, his actions increasingly suggest a departure from those high ideals.

Tinubu’s decision to overrule an advisory panel’s recommendation regarding the Lagos State House of Assembly is a striking example of his selective allegiance. The panel, led by respected figures such as Chief Bisi Akande, advised that Mudashiru Obasa step down amid serious allegations. Instead of heeding this counsel, Tinubu backed Obasa after a closed-door meeting with lawmakers. This decision indicates a troubling prioritization of political convenience over the ethical responsibilities inherent in his office.

The suspension of Senator Natasha Akpoti-Uduaghan has further intensified debates over Tinubu’s moral leadership. While the Senate justified her removal on grounds of gross misconduct, her allegations of sexual harassment against Senate President Godswill Akpabio remain highly contentious. Tinubu’s silence on these critical matters speaks volumes about his selective engagement with issues of justice. Such inaction undermines public trust and reflects a broader reluctance to enforce accountability.

The political crisis in Rivers State presents yet another instance of Tinubu’s hesitance to act decisively. Calls for intervention in the escalating tensions between Governor Siminalayi Fubara and Minister Nyesom Wike have largely been met with inaction. This reluctance to resolve critical disputes underscores a pattern of favoring personal affiliations over the national interest. Consequently, such a stance weakens democratic processes and leaves citizens increasingly disillusioned.

The controversy in Osun State adds further weight to the criticism of Tinubu’s selective support. Although Osun State Governor Ademola Adeleke has raised concerns about improper directives affecting local governance, Tinubu’s response has been minimal. His lack of proactive engagement in Osun State reflects a consistent pattern of deferring to political loyalties rather than upholding the rule of law. This approach further highlights his diminishing commitment to the impartiality required by the presidential oath.

A particularly glaring example of Tinubu’s partisanship is his persistent backing of Mudashiru Obasa, despite widespread criticism. Obasa’s own admission of being “Tinubu’s boy” deepens the perception that personal loyalty is valued over objective accountability. Moreover, Tinubu’s failure to publicly distance himself from such overt partisanship corrodes the ethical standards expected of national leadership. This uncritical support signals a clear departure from the principles of fairness and accountability.

Each decision to support favored allies underscores a broader pattern of political expediency under Tinubu’s rule. His selective allegiance routinely overrides objective accountability and casts doubt on the integrity of his leadership. In doing so, this pattern not only undermines democratic institutions but also compromises the public’s faith in their government. Prioritizing personal connections over the common good is a dangerous path that steadily weakens the nation’s moral fabric.

The cumulative effect of these actions is a marked erosion of the ethical standards once expected of Nigerian leadership. Tinubu’s approach consistently favors political convenience and personal loyalty, often at the expense of justice and accountability. His selective support in various controversies leaves little room for unbiased governance. The persistent disregard for ethical principles signals a deepening crisis in moral leadership across the nation.

This decline in moral standards under Tinubu administration is evident across multiple facets of his governance. The selective endorsement of controversial figures, his silence on critical accountability issues, and his failure to intervene in pressing crises all contribute to this troubling trend. Such behavior steadily erodes the trust that is essential for a healthy democracy. Moreover, it sets a dangerous precedent for future governance in Nigeria.

President Tinubu’s recent actions illustrate a significant lapse in moral leadership and adherence to the presidential oath. His pattern of selective allegiances—prioritising personal loyalty over public accountability—has profoundly compromised the integrity of his office. Restoring public trust will require a steadfast commitment to transparency, fairness, and the common good. Only by reaffirming these ethical principles can Nigeria hope to rebuild its democratic foundations and secure a just future for all its citizens.

PROTOCOLS 

The Permanent Secretary of the Ministry of Communications, Innovations and Digital Economy, 

Executive Vice Chairman of Nigerian Communications Commission, Secretary, Universal Service Provision Fund, 

Chief Executives of Telecommunications Companies, 

State ICT Commissioners 

Representatives of the International Telecommunication Union (ITU) 

Representatives of The UK Foreign, Commonwealth & Development Office (UK FCDO) 

Ladies and Gentlemen,

Over the last 25 years, Nigeria has made significant strides in expanding connectivity and strengthening our digital technology infrastructure. 

In recent years, broadband penetration has been growing significantly, bringing millions more Nigerians online and enabling new opportunities for innovation, entrepreneurship, and digital inclusion. 

Today however, there are still millions of Nigerians on the fringes of digital transformation who are yet to have access to reliable connectivity. 

Many communities—particularly rural areas—face significant barriers, including inadequate infrastructure and limited digital literacy. These gaps not only hinder personal and business growth but also limit the full potential of Nigeria’s digital economy. 

The Universal Service Provision Fund (USPF) has been a critical instrument in the Federal Governments’s mission to extend connectivity to these communities. By supporting infrastructure expansion, fostering local innovation, and driving inclusive policies, the USPF aligns with the His Excellency President Bola Ahmed Tinubu (GCFR)’s goal of enabling meaningful and affordable connectivity for all Nigerians.

The Federal Government, through the Ministry of Communications, Innovation, and Digital Economy, is also actively driving transformative projects aimed at unlocking digital opportunities for millions of Nigerians. Some of our flagship initiatives to close this divide include: 

1. Project BRIDGE (90,000km Fibre Optic Expansion) which is designed to significantly improve broadband penetration across Nigeria by extending fibre optic infrastructure to all regions. 
2. Project 774: This initiative ensures that every local government secretariat in Nigeria benefits from high-speed connectivity, fostering grassroots digital transformation. 
3. The Universal Access Project: A game-changing initiative targeted at connecting over 20 million Nigerians who currently have no access to digital services. 
4. The National Broadband Alliance of Nigeria (NBAN): Our multi-stakeholder effort to drive collaboration across government and private sector to drive universal high quality broadband access 
5. The 3 Million Technical Talent programme ( 3MTT): Which is strengthening our talent pipeline to deliver a workforce to improve the digital ecosystem.

These projects are not just focussed on infrastructure; but also about enabling businesses, empowering individuals, and unlocking the full economic potential of Nigeria’s digital landscape as we work towards a 1 Trillion Dollar Economy 

However, bridging this digital divide is not a task for the government alone. 

Sustainable and impactful progress requires strong partnerships across the public and private sectors, development agencies, civil society, and local communities. 

To ensure effective collaboration, we must focus on four key pillars: 

1. Community Engagement: By understanding and addressing the unique needs of our local communities, we can encourage their participation which is crucial to ensuring that the digital infrastructure solutions provided digital are relevant, accessible, and adopted at scale. 
2. Leveraging Existing Infrastructure: We must maximize the value of the existing investment in networks, public facilities, and energy sources to optimise costs and ensure rapid deployment of connectivity solutions. 
3. Capacity Building: Access to the internet is only beneficial if people have the skills to use it productively. Therefore, ensuring that Digital literacy programs, skills training, and entrepreneurship development are integrated into our overall infrastructure and connectivity strategy.
4. Sustainable Solutions: The future of connectivity in Nigeria must be economically and environmentally sustainable therefore, we should explore innovative business models, alternative energy solutions, and localised interventions that ensure long-term sucess. 

In conclusion, we stand at a defining moment in Nigeria’s digital transformation. We have the vision, the policy framework, and the will to connect every Nigerian to the digital economy. But we need your partnership to explore alternative innovative ways to deliver on all elements of our plans. 

There is a clear role for everyone - Government at all levels, Private Sector, Development Partners and local communities in this journey. 

Together, with a clear focus on investment in last mile connectivity, capacity building and infrastructure development as well as the creation of policies that enable the rapid deployment of digital infrastructure, we can achieve universal access to communications and digital literacy for all Nigerians by 2030. 

However, despite this progress, millions of Nigerians, particularly in remote and underserved communities, remain disconnected from these digital opportunities. Today, we must address this gap collectively to ensure that no one is left behind in our journey toward a fully connected and digitally empowered Nigeria.

I look forward to working together to unlock the full potential of our nation’s most valuable resource—our people.

Thank you. 

PROTOCOL  

- The Honorable Minister of Communications, Innovation and Digital Economy,  Dr. Bosun Tijani  

- The Permanent Secretary of the Ministry of Communications, Innovations and  Digital Economy, Engr. Faruk Yusuf Yabo  

- ICT Commissioners 

- Chief Executives and their representatives 

- Management and staff of the International Telecommunication Union (ITU) and  the UK Foreign, Commonwealth & Development Office (UK FCDO) - Secretary of the USPF 

- Notable industry players 

- Development partners 

- Speakers 

- Trade associations 

- Distinguished guests 

It is a great pleasure to welcome you all to this pivotal stakeholder engagement event,  organized under the auspices of the Universal Service Provision Fund (USPF) in  collaboration with the ITU and supported by the UK FCDO. This engagement, themed: ‘Strengthening Partnership for Sustainable Telecommunication  Infrastructure in the Unserved and Underserved Communities: Collaborating  for Sustainable Growth,’ reflects our collective commitment to ensuring equitable  access to telecommunications services for all Nigerians, especially those in unserved  and underserved communities. 

Today’s meeting is particularly aimed at bringing key industry stakeholders together to  provide valuable insights on strategies that can be adopted to enhance USPF  Interventions and serve as a feedback mechanism to build partnerships for Nigeria’s  digital future. It goes without saying that the USPF acknowledges the crucial role of collaboration, strategic partnerships and complementary efforts to achieve sustainable  development. 

Additionally, the evolving telecommunications landscape necessitates innovative and  collaborative approaches to ensure long-term viability in delivering connectivity to  unserved and underserved populations.  

The Role of the USPF in Expanding Access 

The Nigerian Communications Commission (NCC), through the USPF, has been at the  forefront of initiatives aimed at providing universal access and universal service. These  efforts align with broader national and global goals, including bridging the digital divide,  promoting universal access, fostering economic growth and social inclusion, and  achieving Sustainable Development Goals “SDGs 4” (Quality Education) and 9 (Industry, Innovation and Infrastructure).  

Over time, the USPF has successfully implemented several projects under its access and  connectivity programmes. Given the focus of this event, it is important to highlight key  connectivity projects such as the deployment of Base Transceiver Stations (BTS),  Backbone Transmission and Infrastructure, amongst others. This engagement serves as  a vital platform to discuss practical strategies to enhance the impact of these projects  through strengthened partnerships. 

Without doubt, to achieve digital inclusion, government agencies, mobile network  operators, infrastructure providers, equipment manufacturers, development partners, and telecom trade groups must work closely together. It is for this reason that a multi stakeholder approach is essential to: 

1. Explore innovative financing models to attract investment in rural  telecommunications. 
2. Leverage emerging technologies and alternative power solutions for sustainable  connectivity. 
3. Promote policies that incentivize collaborative participation in connectivity  projects. 

Call to Action 

I want to use this platform today, to urge all stakeholders to take decisive steps toward  strengthening partnerships. Let us harness our collective expertise, resources, and  innovative capabilities to build a resilient and sustainable telecommunication  infrastructure that will empower millions of Nigerians. We must remember that  collaboration remains the cornerstone of sustainable development in this sector. 

Crucially, I must mention that our solutions must be tailored to address local  challenges/needs and align with current realities.  

I am confident that the deliberations from this engagement will lead to actionable  solutions that will drive progress, foster economic development, and ultimately  transform lives through connectivity in the most remote corners of our nation. 

Conclusion 

Once again, I thank you all for your dedication to this cause. Together, we can build a  future where digital connectivity is a fundamental right, not a privilege. Let us remain  steadfast in our commitment to ensuring that no community is left in the digital dark. 

Thank you, and I look forward to productive discussions ahead.

The suspension of Senator Natasha Akpoti-Uduaghan by Nigeria’s Senate, following her Sexual Harassment Allegation against Senate President Godswill Akpabio, has sparked National and Global Outrage. This Incident is not just a Political Power Play but a stark reminder of the Systematic Oppression, Silencing, and Mistreatment of Women in Politics and Society at Large. Rather than upholding Justice, the Nigerian Senate has chosen to protect its Powerful Male Members while punishing a Female Senator who dared to speak out. The consequences of this Decision stretch beyond Akpoti-Uduaghan, reinforcing the deep-seated Culture of Impunity that continues to shield Men in Power from Accountability while discouraging Women from Active Political Participation.

The Senate’s decision to suspend Akpoti-Uduaghan for six months came under the guise of “Misconduct” and a Dispute over the Chamber’s Sitting Arrangement. She was accused of refusing to sit in an Assigned Seat, allegedly violating Senate Protocols. However, her punishment went far beyond any reasonable Disciplinary Action—her Salary and Allowances were suspended, her Security Aides were withdrawn, and she was barred from Representing herself as a Senator Locally and Internationally. If she does not submit a Written Apology, these punitive Measures will remain in place for the full six-month Period, an undeniable attempt to silence and humiliate her.

More disturbingly, Akpabio was allowed to preside over a Case where he was the Accused, demonstrating a clear Conflict of Interest. No credible Legal or Institutional System permits an Individual facing serious Allegations to lead Deliberations on their own Misconduct. Yet, in the Nigerian Senate, Akpabio remained in charge and ultimately oversaw the Motion that resulted in Akpoti-Uduaghan’s Suspension. By allowing this to happen, the Senate effectively nullified any Notion of Fairness, choosing instead to protect the Powerful and silence the Accuser.

If Due Process and Fairness meant anything to the Senate, Akpabio should have stepped aside and allowed an Independent Body to investigate the Allegations against him before taking any Action on Akpoti-Uduaghan. Instead, the Matter was referred to the Senate Committee on Ethics, Privileges, and Public Petitions, chaired by Neda Imasuen (LP, Edo South), which dismissed Akpoti-Uduaghan’s Sexual Harassment Petition on the grounds that she personally signed it, violating Senate Rules. This Technicality was used as an excuse to avoid addressing the Core Issue—whether Akpabio abused his Power. If this is the Standard of Governance in Nigeria’s Legislative Body, it is a chilling warning to any Woman in Politics that Justice will always favor the Powerful, not the Victim.

As Public Outrage mounted, Wife of the President, Oluremi Tinubu finally broke her silence on the Matter. However, instead of acknowledging the Gross Injustice against Akpoti-Uduaghan and the deep-seated Misogyny in the Senate, she downplayed the Controversy. Speaking ahead of International Women’s Day, Tinubu defended the Senate as a “Mature Chamber” that must be treated with respect, dismissing Concerns over the way Akpoti-Uduaghan was silenced. While she urged Nigerian Women to assert themselves and not allow Men to “talk to them anyhow,” her response failed to address the broader Institutional Injustice that extends beyond Akpoti-Uduaghan and affects Women Globally.

In contrast, Betty Anyanwu-Akeredolu, the Wife of the late Ondo State Governor Rotimi Akeredolu, displayed far more Courage and Integrity in her response to Akpoti-Uduaghan’s Ordeal. She publicly condemned Akpabio’s Actions and criticised his attempt to draft his Wife into the Political Battle against Natasha, calling it “highly disingenuous.” Akeredolu’s remarks exposed a common tactic used by Powerful Men—hiding behind Women to deflect Accusations of Misconduct. Rather than taking Responsibility for the Allegations against him, Akpabio orchestrated a defense using his Wife, a move that weakens the broader Fight for Gender Equality and Justice.

Akeredolu’s bold stance deserves commendation. Unlike others who have chosen silence or neutrality, she recognised the deeper implications of Akpoti-Uduaghan’s Suspension and was unafraid to speak the truth. Her willingness to call out the hypocrisy and manipulation in the Senate shows the kind of solidarity that Women in Politics desperately need. If more Female Leaders exhibited her courage in standing against oppression, Nigeria’s Political Landscape would be far more just and inclusive.

This is not just about one Senator—it is about every Woman in Nigeria and around the World who has been systematically excluded from Leadership, silenced when they demand Justice, and punished for challenging the Status Quo. Akpoti-Uduaghan’s Suspension is part of a larger War against Women in Politics, where they are disproportionately scrutinised, undermined, and ultimately pushed out. Remi Tinubu’s response did not go far enough because this was not merely an Internal Senate Dispute—it was a direct Assault on the Legitimacy of Women’s Voices in Governance.

The Global implications of Akpoti-Uduaghan’s Suspension cannot be ignored. Around the World, Women in Politics are subjected to Institutionalised Discrimination, Harassment, and Violence aimed at discouraging their Participation. From Theresa May in the UK, who faced Sexist Media Coverage that focused more on her Appearance than her Policies, to Kamala Harris in the United States, who endured relentless Gendered and Racial Attacks while running for President against Donald Trump, the pattern is consistent. Women in Politics are judged by different Standards, undermined in ways their Male Counterparts never are, and often pushed out of Positions of Power when they challenge the Status Quo.

Women in U.S. Congress have also spoken out about the Sexism and Discrimination they face in Leadership. Congresswoman Joyce Beatty recalled how she was mistaken for a Waitstaff Member at a High-Level Meeting, illustrating the dismissive attitude toward Women, especially Women of Colour, in Politics. Maggie Hassan shared how, when attending Events with her Husband, People would assume that he was the Governor, ignoring the reality of Female Leadership. Norma Torres recounted how often she was interrupted by Male Colleagues, highlighting the ingrained bias against Women in Political Spaces. These Experiences mirror those of Akpoti-Uduaghan, showing that the Struggle for Gender Equality in Leadership is a Global Issue, not just a Nigerian one.

Afrobeat Artist Seun Kuti recently spoke out against the Silence of Nigerian Celebrities and Feminists in supporting Natasha Akpoti-Uduaghan. He expressed disappointment that High-Profile Figures, who frequently advocate for Women’s Rights on less Politically Charged Issues, have failed to rally behind Akpoti-Uduaghan in the way they did for Annie Idibia during her Divorce Case with 2Face. He criticised the Hypocrisy of the Entertainment Industry and its refusal to challenge the Government, suggesting that many Celebrities stay silent because they benefit from Government Grants and Political Favoritism. Kuti’s Remarks serve as a powerful Indictment of Selective Activism, highlighting how even Feminist Movements can be co-opted or silenced when confronting Powerful Male Figures in Politics.

International Organisations, including the United Nations and the World Bank, have repeatedly emphasised that Gender Equality in Leadership leads to Stronger Economies and Better Governance. However, this means little if National Institutions continue to function in a manner that enables the suppression of Women rather than supporting them. The Nigerian Senate has an opportunity to reverse course by ensuring that Akpoti-Uduaghan’s Case is reopened for a Fair and Transparent Review. Failure to do so will further confirm that Nigeria’s Democracy is not one of Justice but of Political Retaliation.

This Case is not just about one Senator—it is about every Woman who has ever been silenced, discredited, or pushed out of Politics simply for demanding Fairness and Accountability. If Justice were to mean anything, Akpoti-Uduaghan’s Suspension should not stand, and the Allegations against Akpabio should be independently investigated. Without these Actions, Nigerian Women will continue to see Politics as a Rigged Game where the Powerful protect each other while the Voices of the Vulnerable are systematically erased.

By allowing Akpabio to preside over a Matter in which he is directly implicated, the Nigerian Senate has not only failed Akpoti-Uduaghan but has also failed Democracy itself. If the System allows the Accused to determine the Fate of the Accuser, then Justice is nothing but a mirage, and Democracy is reduced to a farce. A Just Society demands that those accused of Wrongdoing be subjected to the same Legal and Ethical Standards as anyone else, regardless of their Political Standing. Until Women can speak freely without Fear of Retaliation, Democracy remains unfulfilled, and the World continues to support Systems that silence and punish those who dare to confront them.

In a world where approximately 20% of new businesses fail within the first two years, 45% within five years, 65% within ten years, and only 25% make it to 15 years or more (according to the US Bureau of Statistics), any business that has crossed 15 years should be sharing insights on survival and success.

But what about businesses that have lasted twice that long? Or a financial services group that has thrived for over 130 years, especially in Africa, where business survival rates are likely lower than those statistics from the Global North? Such a group has certainly earned the right to teach masterclasses on business longevity.

First HoldCo Plc (FirstHoldCo), recently rebranded from FBN Holdings Plc, exemplifies sustainable business practices. A well-diversified group, it is one of Africa’s largest financial services organisations, offering innovative financial solutions through its subsidiaries in commercial banking, asset management, capital markets, securities, trusteeship, and insurance brokerage. FirstHoldCo ensures strategic coordination and synergy among its subsidiaries to deliver long-term value for stakeholders.

Retaining the legacy strengths and experience of FBN Holdings Plc, FirstHoldCo ensures that its subsidiaries enhance positive environmental, social, and governance (ESG) impacts while minimising or eliminating negative ones. This includes managing ESG risks in the workplace, marketplace, community, and environment, with the institutional capability to turn risks into opportunities.

For example, ESG risk management enhances credit and investment decision-making, de-risking processes for subsidiaries such as FirstBank and FBNQuest. It also strengthens social relationships with the communities in which these subsidiaries operate.

ESG and sustainability may be buzzwords for some corporations seeking to appear politically correct, but at FirstHoldCo, they are integral to its identity. The company is self-driven in aligning its strategy and operations with ESG principles and setting new sustainability benchmarks for financial services in Nigeria.

FirstHoldCo’ s flagship subsidiaries, FirstBank and FBNQuest, integrate ESG risks into their products, services, and offerings from the ideation stage through to development and launch. This approach drives responsible lending and investment practices, enabling the group to leverage ESG market opportunities while promoting sustainable socio-economic growth.

FirstHoldCo also prioritises people empowerment, fostering a work environment rooted in equal opportunities, diversity, and inclusion. A notable achievement is bridging the diversity gap, reaching a 40% female to 60% male employee ratio in 2023, one year ahead of its 2024 target.

The group also supports the communities where its subsidiaries operate, ensuring its impact resonates positively. Since 2017, it has implemented the SPARK (Start Performing Acts of Random Kindness) initiative and Corporate Responsibility and Sustainability (CR&S) Week. In 2023, these initiatives impacted 60,000 lives through outreaches to 60 orphanages, 20 schools, and hospitals across Nigeria, Ghana, Senegal, The Gambia, the Democratic Republic of Congo, Sierra Leone, and the United Kingdom. Donations included consumables, computers, clean water projects, school renovations, wheelchairs, and cash. Employees committed over 27,000 volunteer hours to these initiatives.

In 2023, FirstBank reinforced its commitment to empowering women through FirstGem, a financial product supporting women-led businesses. Over N36 billion in loans were disbursed at a single-digit interest rate of 9%. Additionally, its Agency Banking business, FirstMonie, expanded its female agent network to over 55,000.

Inclusion remains a key focus, with FirstBank enhancing accessibility for physically challenged customers in 234 locations, making 25 branches fully accessible and improving access at 209 others. It also expanded the SPARK initiative to institutions like the Bethesda School of the Blind and the Down Syndrome Foundation in Lagos.

FirstBank operates an Environmental, Social, and Governance Management System (ESGMS) to drive responsible lending and minimize ESG risks. In 2023, this system was enhanced to ensure real-time transparency in corporate credit screenings. That year, 2,239 credit transactions worth N4.236 trillion were assessed for ESG risks.

To strengthen ESG compliance, FirstBank collaborates with development partners such as British International Investment, the African Development Bank, the International Finance Corporation (IFC), and Proparco, a French development finance institution. Its partnership with Proparco is crucial for integrating climate initiatives into business strategy. This project enhances its understanding of financed emissions and positions it for climate financing and investment opportunities.

This initiative will help FirstBank reduce greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions, mitigate exposure to physical and transition risks, and strengthen climate adaptation efforts. It also reinforces its market competitiveness as an ESG leader committed to a low-carbon economy.

As part of its commitment to decarbonisation, FirstHoldCo’ s FirstBank actively engages in reforestation and afforestation through partnerships focused on carbon dioxide (CO2) removal. In 2023, it pledged to plant 50,000 trees by 2025 in collaboration with the Nigerian Conservation Foundation (NCF). That year, it planted 1,000 trees at the Lekki Conservation Centre, Lagos; Model Secondary School, Maitama, Abuja; and Federal Government Girls College, Calabar. By the following year, it had planted an additional 30,000 trees, bringing the total to 31,000.

FirstBank also drives thought leadership in climate finance, promoting knowledge on carbon mitigation and climate adaptation. A notable effort was a webinar themed ‘Harnessing Climate Finance Opportunities in Nigeria,’ held in partnership with the Sustainability Practitioners Institute of Nigeria (SPIN). The event featured prominent ESG and sustainability experts such as Professor Kenneth Amaeshi, Dr. Muntaqa Umaru-Sadiq, and Carina Dunker, underscoring FirstBank’s commitment to advancing climate finance discussions.

With so much achieved and ongoing ESG/sustainability initiatives, what is the greatest impact of ESG at FirstHoldCo?

For the group, it is the net positive effect on the communities where its subsidiaries operate. For individuals, it is the tangible benefits from its financial solutions and CSR initiatives. For businesses, it is the sustainable practices FirstHoldCo champions, setting a standard for responsible corporate leadership.

Credit First Bank PR/A.Ezekiel

Social Capital is often praised for fostering Trust, Cooperation, and Civic Engagement. In many Societies, it helps reduce Corruption by encouraging Accountability. But what happens when Corruption is deeply woven into the Culture? In Nigeria, Social Capital can do the opposite—it can protect and sustain Corruption instead of eliminating it.

Studies show that Informal Social Obligations, often seen as a form of "Social Tax," pressure Individuals to prioritise Personal Networks over merit and fairness. In Nigeria, this means People feel compelled to stay silent about Corrupt Activities to maintain Social Harmony. Instead of exposing Corruption, many Communities shield their own, making Accountability nearly impossible.

Trust plays a Crucial Role in Nigeria’s Corruption problem. In places where Institutions are weak, People rely more on Personal Networks than on Government Structures. While this might seem beneficial, it often leads to nepotism, favoritism, and patronage, where those in Power prioritise Family and Ethnic Ties over Competence and Honesty. Fear of Social Repercussions prevents Individuals from reporting Corruption, reinforcing a cycle of wrongdoing.

Collective Action, which is supposed to drive Accountability, can also work in reverse. In Nigeria, entire Communities may rally behind Corrupt Politicians, Business Elites, or Public Officials if they share Ethnic or Social Ties. This "Collective Corruption" allows Public Funds to be stolen with little consequence, as long as some benefits trickle down to the Community. Instead of demanding Transparency, many people accept Corruption as part of Daily Life.

Not all Social Capital is equal, and understanding its different forms is key to tackling Corruption. Bonding Social Capital, which creates strong Ties within Close-Knit Groups, can be beneficial but also leads to exclusivity and insider dealings. In Nigeria, this often manifests in "Man-Know-Man" Politics, where Opportunities and Privileges are distributed based on Connections rather than Merit. Bridging Social Capital, which links People across different Groups, is much more effective in fighting Corruption, but it remains weak due to deep Ethnic and class Divisions.

Corruption also erodes Trust in Institutions, creating a vicious cycle. When People see Corrupt Individuals go unpunished, they become even more dependent on Personal Networks for survival. This further weakens Institutional Trust and strengthens Corruption. Instead of being a force for good, Social Capital becomes a Tool for exclusion and exploitation.

Economic Structures also play a Role in reinforcing Corruption. Studies show that the Elites often manipulate Labour Markets and Wages to benefit their Networks. In Nigeria, those in Power use their influence to limit Opportunities for Outsiders, ensuring that Economic Benefits stay within their Social Circles. This worsens inequality and keeps Corruption deeply embedded in Society.

The biggest danger of Social Capital in Nigeria is that it legitimises Corruption. It allows Political Leaders, Business Elites, and even Everyday Citizens to justify Corrupt Practices under the guise of Loyalty and Social Ties. This makes Anti-Corruption efforts difficult, as entire Communities may resist Reforms that threaten their existing Benefits. Traditional Measures of Social Capital, such as Trust and Civic Participation, fail to capture the ways in which Social Networks protect Corrupt Systems.

But there is hope. Social Capital can be reshaped to fight Corruption instead of sustaining it. Strengthening Institutions and promoting Trust in Governance rather than Personal Connections is key. Encouraging Cross-Community Engagement can help bridge Divides and create broader Accountability. Whistleblower Protections can give Individuals the confidence to report Corruption without fear. Education Reforms can instill Civic Responsibility and Ethical Values in Young Nigerians, shifting Cultural Attitudes toward Corruption.

Social capital is a double-edged sword. In its current form, it helps Corruption thrive, but with the right Reforms, it can be transformed into a powerful Tool for Accountability. Nigeria’s fight against Corruption will depend not just on Legal Reforms but on changing how People perceive and use Social Connections. Only by redefining Social Capital can Nigeria break the Cycle of Corruption and build a more Transparent and Just Society.

The UK Government is considering a significant shift in its Immigration Policy that could force Migrants to wait 15 years before they can apply for British Citizenship. Kemi Badenoch, the Conservative Party Leader, has championed this Proposal, and it has sparked a wave of reactions, particularly from Immigrant Communities. Many see it as a blow to their Dreams of becoming British Citizens after years of hard work and contributions. The pressing question remains: is this Policy fair, or does it simply create more barriers for those already striving to become a part of British Society?

Under Badenoch’s Plan, the Process for gaining Permanent Residency would be extended from 5 to 10 years. After that, Migrants would need to wait another 5 years before applying for Citizenship. She argues that this will ensure Immigrants are truly committed to the UK and are well-integrated into Society. However, many Critics are concerned that this extended timeline is more about creating obstacles than fostering genuine Integration, especially for those who are already working hard to contribute. It’s a classic case of “frontlash” – using Policy to reshape the Conversation around Immigration, pushing for tougher restrictions, even when the real Issues aren’t being fully addressed.

What complicates the Matter further is Badenoch’s own background. As the Daughter of Immigrants, her own Success Story reflects the very Idea of Integration that many Migrants aspire to. Yet, her Policies seem to contradict this Narrative of upward mobility. Some argue that by supporting these tough Measures, Badenoch may be trying to prove her toughness, positioning herself as more willing to take a hard line than others in her Party. This is a strategy often seen in Politics, where Politicians use their Identity to redefine Debates, shifting focus from fairness to exclusion.

The Conservative Party has strategically placed Badenoch at the center of this Debate, knowing that her Personal Story could shield them from accusations of Racism. By putting someone with Immigrant Roots at the forefront of such Controversial Policies, they hope to protect themselves from backlash. However, this tactic leaves many Critics in a difficult position, as questioning the Policy often feels like attacking Badenoch personally, which only complicates the broader Conversation. This is a clear example of how Race can be used in Politics to shift the focus away from the Policy’s fairness, creating an Environment where those opposing the Policy are painted in a negative light.

Badenoch’s rhetoric around Immigration also reveals much about her views. She describes the current System as "too lenient" and "out of control," suggesting that Immigrants are getting an easy ride. Her use of terms like "Conveyor Belt to Citizenship" paints a misleading Picture of the Immigration Process. Critics argue that this rhetoric overlooks the many Challenges Immigrants face while trying to build a Life in the UK, much like past Political Movements that used similar Language to justify Punitive Measures against Marginalised Communities.

Badenoch’s claim that the current Immigration System is straining Public Services by granting Citizenship too easily only adds Fuel to the Fire. She believes Immigrants should prove they are "Net Contributors" to the Economy, which raises the question: what counts as a Net Contributor? The most troubling part of her Plan, however, is her vague call for a "Meaningful Connection" to the UK. What does that actually mean? It opens the Door for subjective interpretations of who deserves to be considered “British Enough” for Citizenship, which could lead to unfair exclusions.

This uncertainty risks creating a two-tier System where some Immigrants are seen as more worthy than others based on unclear Criteria. The very Idea of a “Meaningful Connection” could make the Process even harder for People who are already doing their best to integrate. This echoes a troubling Historical Pattern where Policies were used to exclude certain Groups based on vague, often Racially Charged Standards. Badenoch’s Plan isn’t just about tightening Immigration; it reflects a broader shift in how the UK is beginning to view itself. If passed, these changes could harm Community Relations, undermine the Economy, and damage the UK’s International Reputation as a Diverse and Welcoming Nation.

The recent Times Editorial adds another layer to the Debate, pointing out that Badenoch’s Plan may be overlooking Key Economic Realities. The demand for Foreign Workers, particularly in Sectors like Healthcare, means that simply reducing Migration isn’t a viable option unless underlying Economic Issues are addressed. The Editorial also highlighted that Migrants who are contributing to the Economy may still face Unfair Treatment under this Plan, especially if they need temporary State Support or have minor Legal Issues. This raises crucial questions about the fairness of Policies that fail to account for the complexities of Immigration and Integration.

At the heart of this Debate, the UK is being forced to confront uncomfortable questions: Who truly belongs in the UK, and what does it mean to be British? Does making Immigrants wait longer for Citizenship help them become better Citizens, or does it simply make it harder for them to feel accepted and integrated? The Goal should be to create an Immigration System that works for everyone, regardless of their background. As this Conversation continues, it’s important to remember that Real People’s Futures are at stake, and the Decisions made today will shape the Future of the UK.

The Family of Late Chieftain of the All Progressives Congress (APC), Cairo Ojougboh, led by his Wife, Bose, has marked his One-Year Memorial Anniversary with Series of Charitable Initiatives aimed at honoring his Legacy of Philanthropy and Service to Society.

The Memorial Activities include donation of School Books and Bags to Pupils of Erigbe Primary School, in Agbor within the Ika South Local Government Area (LGA) of Delta State, where Ojougboh had received his early Education.

The Outreach also include extension of Financial Assistance to Patients at Central Hospital, Agbor, and the provision of Toiletries, Cash, and Food Items to Children at the Salve Regina Children’s Home, Agbor.

The Outreach was carried out under the ‘Dr. Cairo Ojougboh Foundation’, a Family-Led Initiative established to immortalise him and continue his Lifelong commitment to Education, Healthcare, and Social Welfare.

Speaking during the Event which took place recently, Bose reaffirmed the Family’s dedication to sustaining the Ideals of the Late APC Chieftain, describing him as a Man who strongly believed in Education and giving back to Society.

“We are here to celebrate the Life of my Husband, Late Cairo Ojougboh, who passed on a year ago. In his honour, we decided to give back to Society. He was a Man who valued Education and was always willing to help others. It is only fitting that we continue his Legacy through Acts of Generosity,” she stated.

The first visit was to Erigbe Primary School, where Ojougboh had received his early Education. The Foundation distributed School Bags, Writing Materials, and Food Packs to the Pupils. The Family encouraged the Pupils to take their Education seriously and strive to become Responsible Citizens.

At Central Hospital, Agbor, Bose and her Entourage moved through the Medical Wards, offering Financial Support to Patients to assist with their Treatment Costs. The Hospital Staff and Beneficiaries responded with prayers and words of gratitude for the kind gesture.

The Outreach Team also visited Salve Regina Children’s Home in Agbor where they donated Cash, Food Items, and Toiletries to the Children. The Matron of the Home expressed her deep appreciation to the Ojougboh Family, commending their commitment to sustaining the Late Politician’s Legacy of Compassion and Social Impact.

Reflecting on her Late Husband’s contributions to Society, Bose emphasised that his Legacy of Generosity and Service to Humanity would not be forgotten.

“Cairo was a Selfless Man who touched many Lives. His contributions to the Nigerian Political Landscape, his mark in Agbor Kingdom, Delta State, and the Country at Large, will always be remembered. He may be gone, but his impact will continue to be felt for Generations,” she said.

The Foundation has pledged to continue supporting Education, Healthcare, and Social Welfare Initiatives in his Memory, ensuring that his Vision for a Better Society lives on.

Credit Dr. Cairo Ojougboh Foundation excluding Headline

As Lagos gears up for the highly anticipated Access Bank Lagos City Marathon on Saturday, February 15, 2025, excitement and emotion run high. This year’s edition is much more than a race, it is a moving tribute to legacy and a celebration of resilience.

Under the evocative Theme: Miles to Memories, every stride taken by the Runners transforms physical distance into lasting recollections, blending Athletic endurance with heartfelt remembrance of a Visionary Leader. A Race that transcends the Finish Line since its Inaugural Run in 2016, the Access Bank Lagos City Marathon has evolved from a Local Initiative into a Global Phenomenon.

Originally established by Access Bank in Collaboration with the Lagos State Government to promote Healthier Lifestyles, the Event has grown into a Symbol of Unity, Progress, and Economic Vitality for both Lagos and Nigeria. Today, the Marathon not only places Lagos on the Global Sporting Map but also showcases how Major Sporting Events can drive Tourism and stimulate Business Growth.

 As a Gold Label Marathon certified by the Association of International Marathons and Distance Races (AIMS), it stands as a testament to the powerful synergy between Sport, Community, and Commerce. Local Businesses, from Hotels and Restaurants to Vendors and Transport Providers, thrive during the Marathon Weekend, benefiting from increased patronage as Communities come together to support and celebrate the Event. This Collective Participation reinforces the Idea that when People unite around a common purpose, the Rewards are shared by all.

Honouring a Visionary:Remembering Herbert Wigwe

This year, the Marathon carries added emotional significance. It marks the First Anniversary of the Passing of Herbert Wigwe, the Late Group Chief Executive Officer of Access Holdings PLC, who was a Transformative Force behind the Event.

On the morning of February 10, 2024, a tragic Helicopter Crash claimed the lLives of Herbert Wigwe, his Wife, his Son, and Abimbola Ogunbanjo, the former Group Chairman of the Nigerian Exchange Group P. The loss sent shockwaves throughout the Nation, leaving an indelible void in the Hearts of many Nigerians.

Despite the deep sense of loss, Herbert Wigwe’s Legacy continues to inspire. In the wake of the tragedy, concerns arose that Access Bank might reconsider its sponsorship of the Marathon. Instead, in a poignant gesture of remembrance and commitment, Access Bank, together with the Lagos State Government, has reaffirmed its support for the Marathon. This enduring dedication ensures that Wigwe’s Dreams and Aspirations remain an integral part of every step taken by the Runners.

Miles to Memories: A Journey of Emotion and Endurance

The Theme Miles to Memories perfectly encapsulates the Spirit of this year’s Marathon. It suggests that every Mile covered is imbued with Personal and Collective Memories, reminders of Challenges overcome, of Unity celebrated, and of Hope nurtured for a better Future.

For many Participants, the Race is a chance to commemorate Herbert Wigwe, whose Visionary Leadership not only transformed Access Bank but also reshaped the Sporting Landscape of Lagos. His enduring commitment to Community Development, Healthy Living, and Economic Empowerment continues to serve as a Beacon for all who aspire to make a positive impact.

Each Runner’s Journey on the Race Day acts as a Bridge between Past and Future, where the Physical Act of Running becomes a metaphor for overcoming adversity and building a hopeful tomorrow. The event stands as a Tribute not only to Athletic Excellence but also to the unyielding Human Spirit that continues to rise in the face of loss.

From Humble Beginnings to Global Prominence

When Access Bank and the Lagos State Government first partnered in 2016 to host the Marathon, their goal was simple: to encourage a Healthier Lifestyle among Lagosians. Under Herbert Wigwe’s Visionary Leadership, the Event quickly grew in Stature. Today, it has attracted over 600,000 Registered Athletes from 14 Countries, establishing itself as one of Africa’s Most Prestigious Road Races. This remarkable Evolution is a testament to the Power of Visionary Leadership, Community Engagement, and a relentless pursuit of Excellence.

The Marathon’s growth from a Local Initiative to a Globally Recognised Event highlights how passion and determination can transform a Modest Idea into an Internationally Celebrated Movement. Lagos has firmly established itself as a Marathon City renowned for its Energy, Hospitality, and unwavering commitment to progress.

Herbert Wigwe’s Vision: A Marathon for Unity Progress

Herbert Wigwe’s influence on the Access Bank Lagos City Marathon remains as palpable today as ever. During the 2021 edition, he stated:

“As one of the Leading Banks in Nigeria and indeed Africa, it is imperative for us to support the Economic and Social Development of the Communities in which we operate.

“Hence, we have sponsored the Access Bank Lagos City Marathon to make Lagos more attractive to Tourists and Investors alike. We have also used this Platform to create Jobs and Opportunities for thousands in the state.”

These words, imbued with hope and ambition, continue to guide the Event. More than merely a Race, the Marathon has become a Living Legacy of Wigwe’s unwavering commitment to Community Development and the Transformative Power of Sport. His Visionary Approach has paved the way for countless Initiatives that enrich Lives, create Employment Opportunities, and foster Pride and Unity among Nigerians.

Herbert Wigwe’s Legacy is not confined to History, it lives on in the Hearts of those he touched and in the strides of every Runner who participates in the Marathon. His Vision for a Healthier, more Prosperous Lagos inspires all, ensuring that his contributions will never be forgotten. Every cheer from the Crowd, every Drop of Sweat on the Pavement, and every Moment of Reflection during the Race stands as a Tribute to a Man dedicated to Progress, Unity, and Excellence.

The Access Bank Lagos City Marathon 2025 is more than a Sporting Event—it is a Movement that transforms Challenges into Triumphs and Distances into Memories. It celebrates Life, Resilience, and the Indomitable Spirit of a Community marching forward, one determined step at a time.

Sponsors: The Pillars Behind the Marathon

Central to the success of the Access Bank Lagos City Marathon are its dedicated Sponsors. Access Bank, the Major Sponsor, has remained steadfast in its commitment to Community Development, ensuring that the Marathon continues to be a Platform for positive change. In Partnership with the Lagos State Government, the Event has grown into a Major Contributor to the Local Economy and an enduring Source of Inspiration for Athletes and Citizens alike.

Their unwavering support has been crucial in maintaining the high Standards of the Marathon, including its prestigious Gold Label status from AIMS. This commitment not only honours Herbert Wigwe’s Legacy but also ensures that the Marathon continues to inspire Future Generations to embrace a Healthy, Active Lifestyle while cherishing the Memories forged along the way.

Community, Commerce, and the Spirit of Resilience

The Access Bank Lagos City Marathon is a celebration of more than Athletic Prowess, it is a testament to the Power of Community and the Resilience of Lagosians. The Event has consistently demonstrated that when Communities unite, remarkable Achievements are possible. By boosting Local Tourism and generating Business Opportunities, the Marathon has had a Transformative Impact on the City’s Economy.

During Marathon Weekend, Local Businesses such as Hotels, Restaurants, and Retail Outlets experience a surge in Activity as Visitors from around the Globe flock to Lagos. At the same time, the Event showcases the City’s vibrant Culture on an International Stage, reinforcing the Idea that Sport and Commerce can work hand in hand to drive Progress.

The Journey Ahead: Legacy, Resilience, and Unity

As Runners prepare to take to the Streets of Lagos on February 15, 2025, the Atmosphere is charged with a profound sense of purpose. The Marathon is not just a Competition; it is a Journey of Remembrance and Unity, where every stride honours the Memory of Herbert Wigwe and every Mile becomes a Cherished Memory. The Theme Miles to Memories, reminds Participants that the Race is as much about Personal Triumph as it is about Collective Resilience and Hope.

In the face of past Tragedies and Challenges, the Marathon stands as a Beacon of Hope. It is a day when the Nation comes together to celebrate Life, honour Legacy, and build a Future founded on Unity and Progress. Each Runner carries with them the Spirit of determination and the Memory of a Leader who believed in the Power of Community and the Strength of Collective Ambition.

In celebrating Miles to Memories, the Access Bank Lagos City Marathon 2025 encapsulates the Journey from Loss to Legacy, from Grief to Hope, and from Memories to Future Milestones. With the steadfast support of Sponsors like Access Bank and the Lagos State Government, this Marathon not only delivers an exhilarating Athletic Challenge but also forges enduring Memories that will inspire Generations to Come.

As the Starting Gun fires and Runners take their First Steps on the vibrant Streets of Lagos, they are not merely participating in a Race, they are becoming part of a Legacy. Every Mile traversed is a reminder of the Resilience, Unity, and Indomitable Spirit that define this great City. And in every Memory made, the Legacy of Herbert Wigwe lives on, guiding each Runner toward a brighter, more hopeful Future.

Herbert Wigwe may be gone, but his Vision continues to run through the Veins of every Lagosian and every Athlete crossing the Finish Line. In Lagos, every Mile is a Memory, and every Memory a step toward a better Tomorrow.

Credit Access Holdings PR

Eminent Nigerians and Global Leaders on Sunday evening, remembered Banking Icon, Herbert Wigwe in an Evening of Tributes and Celebration of his Life and Legacy. It was the First Anniversary of his passing in a Helicopter Accident in Southern California on February 9, 2024. He died along with his Wife, Doreen, Son Chizi and Friend, Abimbola Ogunbanjo.

The four-hour Memorial Service, held at the Ballroom of the Eko Hotel, Victoria Island, Lagos, also featured Prayers, Musical Performances and Ministration by Lagos Pastor, Itua Ighodalo. There was also a Keynote Lecture by the Prime Minister of Barbados, Mia Mottley.

Former President Olusegun Obasanjo, in a Tribute, described Wigwe as a Quintessential Banker and Business Leader who made immense contributions to the Growth of Nigeria’s Banking Industry. Recalling his numerous Engagements, Travels and Works with Wigwe, Obasanjo noted that the Late Banker had taken Access Bank as a Small Lender in 2002 to a Global Business Empire. Obasanjo’s Tributes were read by Bolaji Agbede, the Acting Group Chief Executive of Access Holdings, the Parent Company of the Bank and other Subsidiaries.

President Bola Tinubu said Wigwe’s pioneering Legacy in Business and Finance is a testament to the uncanny ability of Nigerians to overcome obstacles and excel in their Chosen Fields. The President, who was represented by Finance Minister, Olawale Edun, commended Wigwe for founding a University which is poised to make enormous contributions to Higher Education in Africa.

President Emmanuel Macron of France described the Late Wigwe as a Master of the Art of Business Diplomacy – a relatively new Field that seeks to adapt the Skills and Mindset of the Government Diplomat to the Needs of the Firm he leads. Macron noted that as President of French-Nigeria Business Council (FNBC), Wigwe had used the Platform to promote Bilateral Relations between the two Countries. President Macrons’s Statement was read by a Senior Diplomat at the French Embassy in Abuja.

In a Keynote Lecture delivered extempore, Prime Minister Mottley of Barbados regretted the loss of important Correspondent Banking Relationships (CBRs) during the 2009 Financial Crisis by Banks across the Caribbean and noted that her Country has risen to the Challenge. A Correspondent Banking Relationship (CBR) is a Bilateral Arrangement between Banks, often involving a Reciprocal Cross-Border Relationship in Multiple Countries. The Arrangement involves one Bank (the Correspondent – for example a major International Bank) providing a Deposit Account or other Liability Accounts, and Related Services, to another Bank (the Respondent – for example a Bank located and doing Business in the Caribbean, or Nigeria or any other Country). The Prime Minister announced that Access Bank would soon commence Banking Business in Barbados once the necessary Regulatory Approvals have been concluded.

The Prime Minister recalled her fond Memories of Herbert Wigwe as a Consummate International Business Icon and recollected that King Jaja of Opobo was exiled to her Country by the British Colonialists in the 17th Century for refusing to implement a nefarious British Tax Policy and obstructing the Colonialists’ Commercial and Political Expansion. Mottley was particularly excited that Opobo is a Community in the present day Rivers State, Wigwe’s Home State; and she tagged on that to create a pun. ‘’Tochi’’, she called out to Wige’s Daughter, now the Eldest Child, who was also seated in the Front Row with the rest of the Family, ‘’you will soon come to Barbados; but not as an exile’’. The Audience laughed.

Lagos State Governor, Babajide Sanwon-Olu gave an impassioned and heartfelt Tribute, describing Wigwe as ‘’Larger Than Life Person, who was a Builder of People, Ideas and fortune.’’ Sanwon-Olu described Wigwe as brave and courageous. His words: ‘’Where others hesitated, Herbert moved. Lagos has felt his absence. Across the State, his Legacies abound.’’ He mentioned a few of such Legacies as the renovated National Arts Theatre; Access Bank Lagos Marathon and the triumph over Covid-19.

One of the High Points of the Evening was Aigboje Aig-Imoukhuede’s emotional Tributes in which he said that his Partnership and Friendship with Wigwe endured for so long due to the trust they had in each other. ‘’I was never, for once, afraid that Herbert was in the Room, closing Deals, when I was not there; and vice versa’’, he said, eliciting a prolonged applause. He announced that despite malicious Publications in the Social Media, he would never abandon Herbert Wigwe’s Children. ‘’Tochi; Hannah; David; Okachi, you are mine; just as my Children were your Dad’s Children when he was here with us’’, Aig-Imoukhuede said, to the applause of the Audience, some of whom were already tearing up. ‘’They’re irreplaceable’’, he said, referring to the Departed. ‘’Herbert is irreplaceable as a Friend; he is irreplaceable as a Partner’’.

Two of Chizi’s Friends, Rasheed Sarumi and Tunde Ogundare, also gave emotional Tributes to him; while Linda Petinrin and Queenette Allagoa remembered the Late Chizoba Wigwe in emotional Tributes.

Idaere Gogo-Ogan (Herbert’s longstanding Friend); Roosevelt Ogbonna (CEO of Access Bank Plc); Uche Wigwe (Herbert’s Cousin and Trustee of Wigwe University) and David Wigwe (Herbert’s son) also gave stirring Homage in what was clearly an Evening of Mixed Emotions and Celebrations of Beautiful Lives lost.

Other Dignitaries at the Event were Chairman of THISDAY Arise Media Group, Nduka Obaigbena; Paul Usoro, Chairman of Access Bank Plc; Emir Kano, Mohammed Sanusi II; Benedict Oramah, President of Afrexim Bank; Former CEO of GTBank, Fola Adeola; Ben Akabueze, former DG of Budget Office of the Federation; Executives and Staff of Access Bank Group. In a Dinner after the Memorial Service, Ogbaigbena formally presented THISDAY Lifetime Achievement Award for Herbert Wigwe to Tochi Wigwe.

"Mummy, I couldn't finish my Homework because there was no light," Amina tells her Mother, frustrated. Meanwhile, across town, Zainab posts her tenth TikTok of the day. These two Students live just kilometers apart in the same City, but their Worlds couldn't be more different. Welcome to Nigeria, where Energy Poverty splits Lives as sharply as a lightning.

Energy Poverty isn’t just a Government Issue—it’s a Daily struggle for millions. The Country’s Electricity System shares Neighborhoods into "Bands," with Band A Areas paying high Rates for better Service. Bands B to E pay less but often receive little to no Power. This System sounds fair on paper but leaves many Communities in constant darkness.

The Band System has created unfair Access to Electricity, leaving Poorer Areas struggling. This deepens Inequality, making it harder for Low-Income Families to improve their Lives. What should be a Shared Resource has become a privilege for the few.

Ibrahim lives in Band D Area, where his Children study under a weak Battery Lamp. Meanwhile, his Neighbor’s Generator hums loudly, keeping their Home brightly lit. His Electricity Bill promises 12 hours of Power Daily, but the Reality is far worse. Even though he pays lower Rates, he still pays for Power he doesn’t receive.

This Issue affects more than just Households—it impacts Everyday Life. People in Band A enjoy stable Electricity, while others face Blackouts that last days. Some Students attend Online Classes smoothly, while others miss Lessons due to Power Cuts. Where you live determines your Power Band, and your Power Band often shapes your Opportunities.

The effects of this imbalance are serious. Businesses in Low-Power Areas struggle, leading to Job Losses and a Weak Economy. Schools can’t provide a good Learning Environment without Steady Electricity. Hospitals also suffer, sometimes performing Life-Saving Operations under Torchlight.

The impact on Healthcare is especially worrying. Public Hospitals in Lower Band Areas lack Steady Electricity, putting Lives at risk. Meanwhile, Private Hospitals in Band A Areas hardly experience Power Failure. In Nigeria, your surviving an Emergency depends largely on your Neighborhood’s Power Supply.

The Economic Loss from this Power Crisis is shocking. Nigeria loses about ₦181.2bn ($116.9 million) everyday due to Poor Electricity, totaling nearly ₦66.2trn ($42.7bn) Annually. This Loss comes from Businesses shutting down, People spending billions on Electricity Generator Fuel, and Industries struggling to function. Instead of creating Jobs and improving the Country, Nigerians are forced to spend their Money just to keep the Lights on.

Government Officials often promise new Power Projects and Solutions. They praise the Band System as fair, but the Reality is different. Funds meant to improve Power Services disappear without trace. Meanwhile, Generators continue running in Band A Areas while the rest of the Country remains in darkness.

Investors who want to solve Nigeria’s Energy Crisis face endless roadblocks. The Band System is used as an excuse for slow Progress. Those in Power benefit from keeping millions in darkness. It’s a System that rewards Corruption while punishing Ordinary People.
But Nigerians are no longer accepting this unfair System. Communities are working together to create their own Power Solutions. Young

Entrepreneurs are developing Solar Energy Systems that work no matter which Band you are in. Social Media is exposing how the Band System keeps People trapped in Poverty.
The Solution is clear, but action is lacking. First, the Government must fix the Band System to ensure fair Electricity Distribution. Second, Power Infrastructure must be improved to serve all Communities, not just the Wealthy. Third, there must be accountability to ensure People receive the Power they pay for.

Nigeria has enough Resources to provide Electricity for every Home, School, and Hospital 24/7. Corruption and Poor Management keep the Country from achieving this. Until Honest Leadership takes charge, millions will remain in Energy Poverty. Yet, they will still be forced to pay for a Service they barely receive.

Nigeria’s future is too bright to stay in darkness. Every Child deserves to study without worrying about Power Cuts. Every Business should grow without spending fortunes on Generators. Every Family should get the Electricity they pay for.

The path to ending Energy Poverty is clear, but it requires real change. The Government must stop favoring certain Areas while ignoring others. Building Electricity Infrastructure in Underserved Areas must be a top priority. Nigeria needs Leaders who care about People, not just Profits, and a System that delivers Power as reliably as it collects Payments.

Additional Contribution by Titus Olowokere, CEO of the U.S.-Africa Trade Commission, President Emeritus of ANOG, and Director of Administration for NICORE, supporting the Economic Development of Nigerians in the U.S.

While President Bola Tinubu of Nigeria was away in far away Dar es Salaam, Capital of Tanzania, his Political Opponents, Detractors, Opposition Elements, Psuedo Friends unfolded their Machiavellian Inclinations.

Indeed, while the President was seeking Solutions to Nigeria's Energy Problems in Dar es Salaam, some “wannabes “were heating up the Polity. Expectedly, it was a Gathering convened to further spread ill-will.

Nothing new came out of the Gathering different from the Opposition Script we are used to. A few of the Participants went overboard in their vitriol, fanning the embers for adopting Undemocratic Actions.

These Political Gladiators have antecedents that are well known. We urge Nigerians to begin their scrutiny early. And choose between Political Hecklers and Real Progressives. The Clouds are beginning to clear. The Stage sets soon. The combat begins.

Until then, President Tinubu, an Avowed Democrat, remains undistracted and unperturbed. The fight is ahead. Not now. The only Conversation he wants to have now is how to improve the Lives of Nigerian Citizens and Constructive Discourse on building a Resilient Economy.

This is 2025. Not 2027. Let those who want to test their popularity with Nigerians wait for the next Election. President Tinubu is fully focused on providing the Leadership that will transform our Country.

Sunday Dare is Special Adviser, Media & Public Communication/Spokesperson to President Bola Tinubu

In the Heart of Nigeria's Digital Economy, a Story of Patriotism and Resilience unfolds. The Telecommunications Sector, a driving force behind the Country's Growth, has been facing unprecedented challenges. Despite its significant Contributions to Nigeria's Social and Economic Development, the Sector has been struggling to keep up with the Rising Costs of Operations.

For nearly a Decade, Telecom Tariffs in Nigeria remained unchanged, while the demand for Data and Voice Services skyrocketed. The Cost of Operations, however, surged due to rising Energy Costs, Inflation, Currency Devaluation, and Increased Costs of importing Telecom Equipment. These mounting expenses threatened the very Foundation of the Sector, making it difficult for Operators to maintain Infrastructure and deliver High-Quality Services.

In the face of these Challenges, Telecom Operators requested Tariff Adjustments to reflect the current Cost of delivering Services. The Nigerian Communications Commission (NCC) carefully considered these Proposals, balancing the Needs of Operators with the interests of Consumers. Instead of approving the suggested 100% Rate Increase, the NCC authorised a Maximum Adjustment of up to 50% within the Current Tariff Bands.

The NCC plays a Vital Role in regulating the Telecommunications Industry in Nigeria, and its actions are guided by the Nigerian Communications Act of 2003. This Act empowers the body to regulate and approve Tariff Rates and Charges by Telecom Operators, ensuring a balance between Consumer Protection and Industry Sustainability.

The NCC's Decision to approve Tariff Adjustments was not taken lightly. It was based on Extensive Consultations with Stakeholders from both the Public and Private Sectors. The goal was to strike a balance between the Financial Realities of Telecom Operators and the Economic Pressures faced by Nigerian Households and Businesses. The Approved Tariff Adjustments were capped at 50%, significantly lower than the 100% Increase requested by Operators. This Decision showcases the NCC's commitment to creating a Telecommunications Environment that works for everyone.

To further protect Consumers, the NCC mandated Telecom Operators to implement the Approved Adjustments transparently and fairly. Meanwhile, Operators were also required to educate and inform the Public about the new Rates, ensuring Customers are fully aware of any changes to their Billing Structures. Additionally, the NCC's Updated Quality of Service Regulations empower it to sanction Operators who fail to meet their Service Obligations.

Nigerians need to understand that the recent Tariff Adjustments in the Telecommunications Sector are a necessary step towards ensuring the Long-Term Sustainability of the Industry. These Adjustments will enable Operators to invest in Infrastructure Upgrades and Innovation, ultimately providing Opportunities for Local Businesses to thrive.

A robust Telecommunications Sector is crucial for achieving Nigeria's Digital Economy Goals, including e-Commerce Growth, Broadband Penetration, and Digital Inclusion. The Tariff Adjustments will strengthen Operators' Contributions to these Objectives by providing Connectivity to Underserved and Rural Areas, driving Innovation, creating Jobs, and boosting Economic Productivity.

Since 2013, Telecom Operators have grappled with Escalating Costs without Corresponding Adjustments to the Tariff Rates they offered. Without Tariff Adjustments, Operators risk being unable to sustain their Operations, leading to Service Degradation and potential Job Losses within the Industry. This would increase the Rate of Unemployment in the Country, contributing to the Hardship the Government has been fighting hard to eradicate.

The Telecommunications Sector is Capital-Intensive, requiring continuous Investment in Infrastructure to meet growing Demand and improve Service Quality. The Approved Tariff Adjustments will provide Operators with the Financial Resources needed to invest in Network Expansion, upgrade Existing Infrastructure, and enhance Customer Service. This will ultimately benefit Consumers by delivering better Connectivity, reduced Downtime, and Wider Network Coverage.

It's worth noting that the Nigerian Communications Commission's (NCC) Approval of Tariff Adjustments aligns with International Best Practices, ensuring Nigeria stays Competitive in the Global Telecommunications Landscape. By maintaining Tariffs within the Bands outlined in the 2013 NCC Cost Study, the Commission has ensured that the Adjustments are both fair and Evidence-Based.

Furthermore, the NCC’s modest Tariff Adjustment was influenced by the Financial Strains that many Businesses and Households are experiencing. In the context of the broader Economy, the Long-Term benefits of the slight Increase in Consumer Bills far outweigh the immediate Costs. Benefits such as Expanded Coverage, Improved Network Quality, and Enhanced Customer Service will provide greater Value to Consumers, further ensuring they receive a greater Telecommunications Experience.

In other to mitigate the impact on Vulnerable Consumers, the NCC has mandated that Operators simplify their Tariff Structures, and offer Affordable Plans that will be suitable to different Income Levels. Additionally, the Commission will continue to monitor the Implementation of the Adjustments to ensure compliance with its Guidelines and protect Consumers from Exploitation. This Action validates the Commission's Goal of ensuring that Nigeria remains at the forefront of Digital Innovation and Connectivity in Africa.

As a Regulator, it is obvious that the NCC is not only protecting Consumers, but also supporting Operators, Indigenous Vendors, and Suppliers who form the Pillar of the Telecom Industry. It is worthy of note to state that the Adjustments have no relation to the ongoing Tax Reform Conversation. This Holistic Approach ensures that the Benefits of a thriving Telecommunications Sector are felt across all Segments of Society.

The Tariff Adjustments approved by the NCC are a necessary step toward addressing the Financial and Operational Challenges faced by Telecom Operators. Far from being complicit in any alleged exploitation, the NCC has demonstrated commendable patriotism and a deep commitment to balancing Consumer Protection with Industry Sustainability. The NCC’s Actions in approving the Tariff Adjustments reflect Patriotism and National Progress at its finest.

By enabling Operators to invest in Infrastructure, improve Service Quality, and support Indigenous Businesses, the NCC is laying the Foundation for a more robust and Inclusive Telecommunications Sector that can measure up with its International Counterparts all across the Globe. The Adjustments are not merely a response to current Market Conditions but a Forward-Looking Strategy that will ensure Nigeria’s Telecommunications Industry remains a vital Driver of Economic Growth and Digital Transformation.

As Nigerians, it is very important to view these Adjustments as a patriotic move by the NCC to secure the Future of Connectivity and Development in the Country. The Commission’s Action embodies Transparency and Accountability, and it serves as a reminder that Effective Regulation is not about appeasing one Stakeholder Group over another, but about creating an Environment that works for everyone. Through its efforts, the NCC is proving that a Stronger, more Sustainable Telecommunications Sector is not just a possibility but a reality within reach in no time.

Golf, a Game that has captivated millions Worldwide, is struggling to maintain its footing in Nigeria. Once a symbol of Prestige and a Hub for fostering Camaraderie, Business Networks, and Strategic Thinking, Golf in Nigeria is on a troubling decline. As we watch the erosion of this Sport's Legacy, it becomes increasingly clear that the Federal Government must intervene to reinvigorate Golf and ensure its Long-Term Sustainability. Golf Courses across Nigeria, many of which were once thriving Centers of Excellence, are now shadows of their former selves.

Facilities are in disrepair, Memberships are dwindling, and Young Nigerians are largely uninterested in the Game. This lack of interest is partly due to the misconception that Golf is an Elitist Sport, coupled with the absence of Grassroots Initiatives to make it accessible to a broader Audience. Additionally, the Sport suffers from limited Sponsorship and inadequate Media Coverage. Unlike Football and Basketball, which enjoy robust support from Corporate Sponsors and Fans, Golf often takes a backseat in the National Consciousness.

Golf is more than just a Game. It’s a Platform for Personal and Professional Growth. On the Course, Individuals learn Discipline, Patience, and Strategic Thinking—Skills transferable to various Aspects of Life and Career. Globally, Golf is a Multibillion-Dollar Industry, providing Jobs and driving Tourism. Nigeria’s failure to tap into this potential is a Missed Opportunity.

Moreover, Golf can serve as a Tool for fostering International Relationships. Many Global Leaders and Business Executives play Golf, and the Sport often acts as a Conduit for High-Level Discussions and Partnerships. By revitalising Golf, Nigeria can strengthen its position on the Global Stage, both Economically and Diplomatically. Macroeconomic Conditions significantly impact the demand for Golf.

Research on 15 European Countries between 2000 and 2014 shows that Economic Circumstances, measured through GDP and Stock Market Indices, influence the number of Registered Golfers. Particularly after Financial Crises, Countries with higher GDP per Capita saw their Golf demand less affected compared to those with Weaker Economies. Similarly, the number of Golf Courses alone does not strongly correlate with Player Demand unless Economic Factors and Business Cycles are considered. Data from the U.S. further underscores Golf's Economic Value.

The American Golf Industry generated $101.7bn in Economic Activity in 2022, supporting over 1.65 million Jobs and raising $4.6bn for Charitable Causes. Golf's ability to stimulate other Industries, such as Tourism, Real Estate, and Retail, highlights its potential to contribute significantly to Nigeria's Economic Landscape if adequately invested in. For Nigeria, this means that efforts to grow Golf demand broader Economic Development. With the Economy struggling, the Government must prioritise Strategies that improve GDP and create an Enabling Environment for Recreational Activities like Golf.

Earlier this year, I had the privilege of playing a 9-Hole Round with one of Nigeria’s Prominent Professional Golfers, Lateef Lasisi. As we navigated the Lush Greens of the Abeokuta Golf Club, we spoke at length about the Challenges and Opportunities within Nigerian Golf. Lasisi, a Figure who has represented Nigeria on International Stages, shared his concerns about the lack of Infrastructure and the dwindling interest in the Sport among Young Nigerians. His insights were both enlightening and inspiring, reinforcing my belief that Golf in Nigeria is worth saving.

My own Journey in Golf further illustrates its Transformative Potential. Over 2.5 years, I was able to lower my Handicap Index from 34 to 7.7 through consistent Practice and Access to the Game. This Personal Growth underscores the Accessibility and Benefits of Golf when Barriers are removed. Golf does not have to be a Rich Man’s Sport; it can be made Affordable and Inclusive with the right Policies and Programmes in place. I also had the opportunity to play at Miccom Golf Resorts in Ada, Osun State, and spoke with their Professionals about the Poor State of the Golf Course.

They explained that the dilapidated condition was due to the lack of Government's interest and Common People's participation in the Game. Without the dedication of Individuals like Tunde Badmus, his Philanthropic Son, Olalekan, and the steadfast commitment of the Course's Owner, the Facility would have already gone extinct. Their passion and commitment have kept the Course alive despite immense Challenges. However, their efforts alone cannot secure the Future of Golf in Nigeria without broader support. The Federal Government has a pivotal Role to play in reviving Golf.

Infrastructure Development is necessary to revitalise existing Golf Courses and build new ones in Strategic Locations, especially in Underserved Areas. The European Tour Golf for Good Initiative demonstrates how Golf can prevent over 49,000 Cases of Physical and Mental Health Conditions Annually, reducing burdens on Public Health Systems. Partnering with Schools and Community Organisations to introduce Golf to Young Nigerians can also help. Programmes  that provide free or Subsidised Equipment and Coaching can demystify the Sport.

Moreover, the Government should provide Tax Breaks and other Incentives to Companies willing to sponsor Golf Tournaments and invest in Golf-Related Infrastructure. The United States Golf Association’s Investment in Sustainable Practices like Water and Pesticide Management has saved $1.03bn Annually for the U.S. Golf Industry. These Practices, if implemented in Nigeria, could make Golf more Environmentally Sustainable while enhancing its Economic Viability. The Sport can boost Tourism by attracting International Tournaments and Visitors.

Furthermore, fostering a Culture of Golf can enhance Nigeria’s Global Image, presenting the Country as a Destination for Leisure and Luxury. Golf Courses also offer Environmental Benefits. In the U.S., Courses have reduced Water Usage by 29% since 2005 and provide Green Spaces that improve Air Quality and Support Biodiversity. These Lessons can be adapted to Nigeria’s context to promote Sustainable Practices within the Industry.

The demise of Golf in Nigeria is a call to Action. With Strategic Investment and a commitment to change, the Federal Government can revive this beautiful Sport and unlock its potential for National Development. My Conversation with Lasisi underscored the urgency of this Mission. Golf is not just a Game; it’s a pathway to Opportunities, Relationships, and Growth. My Personal Journey from a High Handicap to Near-Professional Levels of Play proves that Golf can be for everyone.

Experiences at places like Miccom Golf Resorts highlight the resilience of Individuals fighting to keep the Game alive. Nigeria’s Future in Golf is worth fighting for.

The power of words cannot be overemphasised, especially when a single word is misused in a critical context, particularly by the Leader of a Nation. Imagine someone who had spent Decades criticising others for mismanagement and promising to rectify those misdeeds when given the Mantle of Leadership. However, upon assuming Office, a single Statement derailed his Administration and created widespread Economic Turmoil. This was the case when President Bola Ahmed Tinubu declared, on his very first day in Office, "Subsidy is Gone" on May 29, 2023.

This seemingly simple Phrase became the catalyst for significant Economic Challenges in Nigeria, highlighting the far-reaching consequences of misusing a Macroeconomic Concept. President Tinubu’s background as an Accountant heavily influenced this Decision. Accountants are trained to identify Financial Inefficiencies and block Revenue Leakages, and the removal of Fuel Subsidies was seen as a measure to curb Wastage and Corruption in the Petroleum Sector. However, while the intent behind the Policy might have been justified, its implementation left much to be desired.

To address Corruption and Inefficiencies in the Petroleum Sector, the Government adopted a blanket increase in the Pump Price of Petroleum. This Decision inadvertently triggered widespread panic and Economic Hardship for Nigerians. As the Yoruba Proverb wisely states, “Ori bibe ko ni oogun ori fifo” (cutting off the Head is not a cure for Headaches). The reaction to the Announcement showcased the far-reaching Economic Consequences of oversimplified Policies.

Immediately after the Declaration of "Subsidy is Gone," Petrol Station Owners fearing higher Costs, either hoarded Fuel or increased Prices. A Petrol Dealer with 10 Liters of Petrol purchased at ₦200 per Liter would expect to sell it for ₦2,000 to replenish their stock. However, with the anticipated price hike, ₦2,000 could no longer buy the same quantity, leading Dealers to inflate Prices or halt Sales altogether. While some Nigerians understood this Business Logic, many vilified the Dealers, accusing them of exploitation.

Within 24 hours, the Nigerian National Petroleum Corporation (NNPC) rolled out new Prices that nearly tripled the Cost of Petrol, confirming the fears of many Dealers. This sharp increase had a ripple effect, leading to skyrocketing Costs of Goods and Services across the Economy. Unfortunately, the broader Economic Implications seemed to have been underestimated by the Administration. Panic Buying and a sudden spike in Living Costs further worsened Public Perception of the Policy.

President Tinubu’s Decision to appoint a Tax Expert, Taiwo Oyedele, to head the Presidential Committee on Fiscal Policy and Tax Reforms in August 2023 reflected his Accountant’s Perspective—prioritising Revenue Generation. While this choice may seem logical on the surface, it was a misstep given Nigeria’s Socio-Economic context at the time. The Nation needed a Development Economist or Welfare Economist to prioritise Policies aimed at alleviating Poverty and improving Citizens’ Welfare. This misalignment between Policy Focus and the immediate Needs of the Population exacerbated Public Dissatisfaction.

The Protests that erupted against worsening Poverty and the ongoing Tax Reform Bill underscored the Public's frustration. Tax Collectors, by their nature, prioritise Revenue Collection over the Welfare of Taxpayers, which was the last thing Nigeria needed at that moment. The failure to deliver on Critical Promises further eroded Public Trust in the Administration. For example, Youth Corps Members were promised a Monthly Allowance increase to ₦70,000 starting in July 2024, but by January 2025, this Promise remained unfulfilled.

Similarly, Pensioners, already grappling with rising Living Costs, received a meager ₦10,000 increase in their Monthly Allowances in States like Kwara, Home to the Chairman of the Nigeria Governors’ Forum. These half-hearted Measures only deepened disillusionment among both the Youth and Senior Citizens. Civil Servants also found themselves struggling, as the Minimum Wage increase to ₦70,000 failed to compensate for the Welfare losses caused by SiG. The situation was further exacerbated by unfulfilled Promises regarding the functionality of National Refineries by December 2023.

While two Refineries reportedly began Operations in 2024, this development did not lead to a reduction in Petrol Prices, leaving many Nigerians skeptical. The Government's inability to address the root causes of the Subsidy Issue and implement Measures to alleviate the broader Economic impact revealed a lack of foresight. A more nuanced Approach could have included Targeted Interventions to address Inefficiencies in the Petroleum Sector. Instead, the blanket Removal of Subsidies triggered widespread Hardship and dented Public Confidence in the Administration.

Rather than blanket Subsidy removal, the government could have adopted targeted strategies such as tackling corruption and smuggling within the petroleum sector. Strengthening regulatory mechanisms to prevent fuel smuggling and punishing offenders would have been a more effective approach. Additionally, investing in local refineries to reduce dependency on imported fuel could have stabilized domestic prices. A Phased Removal of Subsidies, coupled with Measures to cushion the impact on Vulnerable Populations, would have mitigated the adverse effects.

The Misuse of a Macroeconomic Concept, as demonstrated by the SiG Policy, has far-reaching Consequences for a Nation’s Economy and its People. While the intent behind the Policy may have been noble, its implementation lacked the necessary depth and sensitivity to address the broader Socio-Economic Implications. To achieve Sustainable Development, Nigeria’s Leaders must prioritise Welfare-Focused Policies and appoint Experts with a nuanced understanding of Development Economics. Only then can the Nation navigate its challenges effectively and build a Prosperous Future for all.

In recent weeks, I have been struck by the profound loss of two remarkable individuals. First, the passing of Justice Emmanuel Olayinka Ayoola, a retired Supreme Court Judge with whom I shared a deep, daily connection. And now, the heartbreaking departure of my closest elder sister, Christie Oluwakaikunmi Adebamiwa.

Writing this tribute to my cherished "egbon," whom I affectionately called my "mama kekere" – my little mum – has been one of the most challenging tasks for my spirit. Mrs. Christie Oluwakaikunmi Adebamiwa (née Olamiti) was far more than a sister; she was a cornerstone of love and sacrifice in my life.

From my earliest memories, she cared for me with the unwavering devotion of a mother. Ten years my senior, she took joy in carrying me on her back each day. One of the most poignant stories of her love came during my battle with the highly contagious and deadly smallpox. My mother recounted how my sister, undeterred by the grave risks, never left my side. She bathed me, fed me, and comforted me to sleep every single day until I recovered. That fierce and unyielding love only deepened as I grew older.

Growing up, our father was a catechist earning a modest salary of just two shillings a month – barely enough to sustain our family of eight. Yet, my sister led the way, demonstrating remarkable resilience and ingenuity. She would rise early to hawk pap in the mornings and, after school, sell soda soap. When she earned a scholarship for secondary and university education, becoming the second female graduate in Idanre land, it was a blessing not only for her but for our entire family.

She used her education to ensure her siblings also received quality education, opening doors we never thought possible. When I began my journalism career in Ibadan, she and her Reverend husband welcomed me into their home at St. Anne's Vicarage, where I stayed for three years. During this time, she even borrowed money to cover my tuition fees at the Nigerian Institute of Journalism in Lagos, supporting me with unwavering love until I could stand on my own.

Though she lived to the age of 83, her passing feels as though a part of me has gone with her. My sister was a virtuous woman – deeply religious and a true philanthropist. Even in her final days, while in a semi-comatose state, she sang in Yoruba: "E so f'araye, Jesu nbo," meaning, "Go tell the world, Jesus is coming." These words remained on her lips until her last breath.

A remarkable testimony occurred during her hospital stay. After weeks in a coma, as she began to gasp for breath, we prepared for the worst. Yet, to our astonishment, her breathing stabilized, and she started taking in food and fluids while still in a comatose state. The doctor decided to discharge her, bringing her back home. It was during this time that she began to sing involuntarily about the second coming of Jesus Christ. Her coming around was to deliver God's message.  She Indeed,  saw Jesus before she peacefully passed on two months after.

I have no doubt she is now resting in the embrace of the Lord. I will forever miss her infectious smile, a true reflection of her pure and kind heart. Goodnight, my dearest little mum. Until we meet again, may we part no more.

President Donald Trump's sweeping Executive Order, titled "Securing Our Borders," outlines Key Measures such as constructing additional Border Barriers to enhance Physical Security, deploying Military Resources to support Enforcement Efforts, and expediting Deportation Processes for Undocumented Migrants.

The Order also introduces significant Reforms to Asylum Procedures to deter New Arrivals, emphasising the Administration's View of an "unprecedented large-scale invasion." These Measures aim to strengthen National Security, address Unauthorised Immigration, and streamline existing Policies. By focusing on these priorities, the Administration seeks to realign Immigration Frameworks with its overarching "America First" Strategy.

Among the most controversial Components is the Order seeking to overturn Birthright Citizenship, a Constitutional Guarantee under the 14th Amendment. The State of Colorado, along with several other States, has moved to challenge this Directive, emphasising its potential violation of Constitutional Law. Legal Experts argue that rescinding Birthright Citizenship would require a Constitutional Amendment, not an Executive Order, adding to the Legal Complexity. This development highlights the ongoing battle between Federal Directives and State-Level pushback, with Colorado positioning itself as a Prominent Opponent of the Administration’s Policy.

However, these Ambitious and Controversial Measures have sparked significant Legal and Political Debates. Legal Experts, including Prominent Scholars from Northwestern and Harvard Law Schools, emphasise that the Executive Order raises significant Constitutional Questions, particularly around potential violations of Due Process Rights.

These Scholars cite past Legal Precedents that stress the importance of safeguarding Individual Rights even in Matters of National Security. For instance, they highlight Cases where similar Measures were struck down for overreaching Executive Authority or lacking Legislative backing, underscoring profound Legal and Ethical Dilemmas.

Critics also warn that the Executive Order could overstep Federal Authority, prompting Lawsuits that may stall its Implementation. Such Lawsuits could center on Constitutional Challenges, including the Limits of Executive Power and the potential Infringement of Civil Liberties. Policymakers remain divided over how to balance National Security Concerns with Humanitarian Obligations, intensifying the broader and ongoing Debate over comprehensive Immigration Reform.

Adding to the Administration’s controversial moves, President Donald Trump signed an Executive Order suspending all Foreign Aid Programmes for 90 days, according to the Associated Press. Rooted in the Administration’s "America First" Philosophy, the Order aims to ensure Aid aligns with U.S. Political and Strategic Goals.

This suspension initiates a Comprehensive Review to determine which Programmes align directly with American Interests and Strategic Objectives. However, concerns persist regarding the impact on Already-Approved Congressional Funding and potential strains on Diplomatic Relationships.

While the exact Scope of Aid affected remains unclear due to Pre-Allocated Funds, the Executive Order underscores the Administration’s prioritisation of Domestic Interests. Trump emphasised this by stating, "The Foreign Aid Industry and Bureaucracy are not aligned with American Interests and, in many cases, are contrary to American Values."

This move reflects the Administration’s broader "America First" Philosophy, aiming to ensure Foreign Aid Programmes align closely with U.S. Strategic and Political Goals. Critics argue that this suspension could strain International Relationships and impact Global Stability, underscoring the contentious nature of such sweeping Policy Shifts.

Secretary of State Marco Rubio echoed this sentiment during his recent Senate Confirmation Hearing, emphasising that every Dollar spent, and every Policy pursued must pass a straightforward Litmus Test: "Does it make America safer? Does it make America stronger? Does it make America more prosperous?" Despite these assertions, the Order’s impact on U.S. Diplomatic Relations and Global Partnerships remains uncertain, raising questions about its Long-Term Consequences.

The Order’s emphasis on Border Security and addressing what it calls an "unprecedented large-scale invasion" will also face intense Judicial Scrutiny. Prolonged Legal Battles could drain Resources, attention, and energy, distracting the Administration from other important goals. Potential Disputes over Constitutional Authority and Due Process Rights could delay Implementation and disrupt broader Governance Objectives. This creates a risk of the Administration being bogged down by Courtroom Conflicts instead of advancing its broader Agenda.

Scholars often use a Framework involving Societal Structures, Political Institutions, and Policy Impacts to evaluate such Measures, offering insights into their broader implications. Societal Structures encompass Norms, Cultural Values, and Demographic Trends that influence Public and Political support for Policies. Political Institutions focus on the Mechanisms of Governance, Enforcement, and Legal Frameworks that shape Policy Implementation. Policy Impacts are analysed in terms of their effectiveness, equity, and the unintended consequences they might produce, helping clarify the Interconnected Challenges and Trade-Offs involved.

Trump’s Policies have acted as accelerants, intensifying existing Trends rather than creating entirely new ones. His Rhetoric and Policies have deepened Societal Polarisation and Racial Inequalities. For instance, his Endorsements of Voter Suppression Efforts and Divisive Public Narratives have reshaped Public Discourse and exposed longstanding Systemic Issues. These Actions highlight the Administration’s ability to leverage existing tensions while facing scrutiny over their broader Societal Impact.

Cristina M. Rodríguez, a Yale Law Professor and former DOJ Attorney, highlighted the Core Tensions in U.S. Immigration Policy during her Lecture at Harvard Law School. She explained that Immigration Policy revolves around three Competing Ideas: Self-Governance, Civil Rights, and Global Networks. Self-Governance focuses on National Sovereignty and Resource Control, Civil Rights emphasise Fairness and Equality, and Global Networks call for addressing Inequality through International Cooperation. These competing priorities make it challenging to create Policies that balance National Interests with Global Responsibilities.

Rodríguez argued that the Self-Governance Model views Immigration Control as crucial for preserving Democracy and Social Welfare. The Civil Rights Approach seeks to dismantle Systemic Barriers, promoting Fair Treatment and Equality. Meanwhile, the Global Networks perspective highlights the World's Interconnected Nature, urging Policies that reduce Global Inequality. These differing Frameworks often clash, making unified Immigration Reforms difficult to achieve.

Stanford Professor Jens Hainmueller critiqued Trump’s Policies by pointing to Data on Immigration Trends and Economic Contributions. He noted that Unauthorised Immigration from Mexico is at historic lows, undermining the need for Expensive Projects like the Border Wall. Studies show Immigrants significantly contribute to Innovation and Economic Growth, suggesting that Exclusionary Policies could harm the Economy. Ignoring such Evidence risks creating Inefficiencies and intensifying Legal Disputes.

For example, the Administration’s focus on a Border Wall seems unnecessary given the low levels of Unauthorised Immigration from Mexico. Policies targeting mass Deportations could further strain already overwhelmed Immigration Courts, leaving Legitimate Claims unresolved for years. Hainmueller emphasised that Immigrants play a vital Role in boosting GDP and driving Innovation, making Restrictive Policies counterproductive. These factors highlight the potential Long-Term Costs of the Administration’s Approach.

Key Parts of the Executive Order are expected to face significant Legal Hurdles. Efforts to construct Barriers along the Southern Border have a Contentious History, with previous delays stemming from Lawsuits over Funding Diversions, Environmental Impacts, and Private Land Seizures. Federal Courts have struck down attempts to reallocate Military Funds for such Projects, and Environmental Groups have challenged plans citing threats to Protected Wildlife Habitats. Additionally, Private Landowners have brought Eminent Domain Lawsuits, some of which have lingered for years due to the complexity of Property Rights and Legal Disputes.

The Issue of Eminent Domain, where Private Landowners contest Government Seizures, remains a significant obstacle and could prolong Construction Timelines. These Challenges underscore the intricate Legal and Financial Barriers to executing Large-Scale Infrastructure Projects. Opposition from Environmental Organisations and State Governments further highlights the Ecological and Procedural Concerns tied to such Measures. With these Lawsuits likely to increase Costs and delay progress, the Administration faces substantial challenges in realising its Objectives.

The Directive to use Military Forces for Immigration Enforcement raises Constitutional Concerns, including potential violations of the Posse Comitatus Act, which limits Military Involvement in Domestic Law Enforcement. Advocacy Groups are expected to argue that such Provisions overstep Executive Authority and set dangerous Precedents. Additionally, plans to detain and deport Undocumented Migrants rapidly are likely to face Opposition in Federal Courts. Critics will focus on Due Process Rights and the Capacity of Detention Facilities to handle increased numbers humanely.

Rodríguez also observed that Modern Immigration Debates are shaped by Economic Perceptions and Societal Attitudes. Immigration, once a Bipartisan Issue, has become deeply polarised. This shift reflects deeper Conflicts over National Sovereignty, Equality, and Global Interconnectedness. Trump’s Policies have amplified these Divisions, making Comprehensive Reform more elusive.

The Family Separation Policy from Trump’s First Term serves as a warning about the Consequences of Extreme Immigration Measures. Over 5,000 Children were separated from their Parents, with some remaining apart for years due to Administrative Hurdles. This Policy drew widespread condemnation, including criticism from the United Nations. Its Legacy underscores the Human and Legal Fallout of Aggressive Enforcement Strategies.

Despite Court Rulings ordering Reunifications, many Families endured prolonged separations due to Logistical Issues. The Global criticism of this Policy highlights the Reputational Risks of such Actions. Legal Challenges over Family Separations remain unresolved, reminding us of the intense scrutiny similar Policies can face. Renewed efforts to enforce controversial Measures, like requiring Asylum-Seekers to remain in Mexico, will likely reignite these Debates.

Plans to terminate Programmes like CBP One and Parole Initiatives may face Lawsuits from Immigrant Rights Groups. These Groups could argue that such Decisions are arbitrary, capricious, and inconsistent with Immigration Laws. Efforts to exert Presidential Authority over Independent Regulatory Commissions could also spark Legal Resistance. These Disputes test the Boundaries of Executive Power and could strain the Administration’s Resources.

Experts warn that Logistical and Resource Challenges may limit Large-Scale Deportation Efforts. High-Profile Enforcement Actions may aim to project strength but are unlikely to result in sweeping changes. Policies like the Migrant Protection Protocols (MPP) require International Cooperation, adding another layer of complexity. Such Policies could discourage Immigrants from seeking Work, Healthcare, or Education, exacerbating Social and Economic Challenges.

The Administration’s Ambitious Agenda risks being overshadowed by these prolonged Legal Battles. These Disputes could shape Public Perception, potentially painting the Administration as overly confrontational or ineffective. Political Capital spent on Legal Challenges might hinder progress on other priorities. Successfully navigating these Hurdles will be crucial for maintaining focus on broader Goals.

Legal delays and uncertainty could stall Immigration Reforms, creating an impression of disorganisation. Prolonged Court Battles may overshadow successes in other Areas, reinforcing Negative Narratives. The Time and Resources spent on Litigation could strain the Administration’s ability to manage its broader Policy Objectives. Without Strategic Adjustments, these Challenges may undermine its overarching Goals.

Trump’s Presidency underscores how Policies interact with Societal, Political, and Institutional Dynamics. His actions have intensified Societal Divisions, shifted the Judicial Landscape, and left lasting Policy Challenges. While his Rhetoric inspires confidence among Supporters, the Legal Obstacles ahead could hinder progress. Analysts stress the importance of Collaboration and Strategy to overcome these Challenges effectively.

To achieve meaningful Reforms, the Administration must adopt a more Measured Approach. Collaborating with Bipartisan Lawmakers could create more durable Solutions. Smaller, targeted Measures could avoid Legal Pitfalls while advancing Key Goals. Open Communication about Policy Intentions and Benefits might foster broader understanding and support.

Passing Bipartisan Reforms would reduce Legal Risks and build Public Trust. Incremental steps could deliver progress without triggering prolonged Court Battles. Transparent Dialogue with the Public could enhance the Policy’s Acceptance and Long-Term Success. This Strategy would ensure the Administration’s efforts are both effective and sustainable.

The "Securing Our Borders" Executive Order reflects the Administration’s determination to tackle Illegal Immigration. However, its broad scope risks entangling the Administration in lengthy Legal Battles, diverting Resources and Attention. Adopting a Strategic and Collaborative Approach is essential to avoid these pitfalls and ensure success. Otherwise, the Legal Challenges could overshadow Achievements and derail the broader Agenda.

The Relations between China and Taiwan are constantly tense since their de facto Separation in 1949 and are also causing tension in relations between Beijing and Washington.

On October 1, 1949, Mao Zedong proclaimed the Founding of the People’s Republic of China in Beijing. The Nationalist Forces of the Chinese Kuomintang Party under Chiang Kai-shek abandoned China and fled to Taiwan (formerly Formosa), then formed a Government on December 7 and banned all Relations between the Island (officially the Republic of China) and Communist China.

Then in 1950 Taiwan became an Ally of Washington, which was at war with China in Korea. In June 1950, USA President Harry Truman ordered the USA 7th Fleet to repel any possible attacks by the Chinese Communists on Taiwan. At the same time, Chiang Kai-shek was asked to build fortifications on the Coast of Taiwan to prevent a possible Chinese attack.

Lai Ching-te’s Democratic Progressive Party (DPP), which is now in Power for the third time, views Taiwan as a de facto Sovereign Nation with a distinct Taiwanese Identity and Mandarin as its Official Language.

Taiwan, it should be noted, has its own Army, Currency, Constitution and now a Democratically Elected Government - from 1949 to 1987 it was under an Authoritarian Regime of Martial Law - but it is not recognised as an Independent Country by most Governments in the world.

To date, it has been recognised as an Independent State by only 12 Countries and has not been accepted as a Member of International Organisations as China insists that it is a Province of its own, part of its Territory, and prevents its integration and recognition.

Over the Decades, Taiwan has become increasingly isolated. At the same time, however, ties between Taiwan and the United States have grown stronger, with increased Arms and Military Equipment sales and high-level Political Cooperation under Lai’s popular Female Predecessor, Tsai Ing-wen, fact which has angered Beijing.

However, historically the USA position in relation to Taiwan has remained deliberately vague, namely regarding whether it would defend it in the event of a Chinese invasion, the well-known strategic ambiguity.

The USA has long been treading on a fine red line. Thus, under the so-called One China Policy, Washington recognises the People’s Republic of China as the Sole Legitimate Government of China. It also recognises Beijing’s position that Taiwan is part of China, but has never accepted the Chinese Communist Party’s claim to Sovereignty over the Island.

Taiwan has an Area of ​​36,197 sq km and a Population of approximately 23,400,000. Its Capital is Taipei, which is located at its Northern tip. It is, moreover, an Ultra Modern City with intense High-Tech Industrial Development and Officially designated as an Alpha World City that is, a City that has a direct impact on Global Events of Social, Economic and Political dimensions.

In addition to the Island of the same name, the Country also owns 168 Smaller Islands. It is separated from China by the Taiwan Strait and is bordered to the North by the East China Sea, to the East by the Pacific Ocean, and to South by the South China Sea.

Since 1960, it has entered a period of rapid Economic Growth and Industrialisation, with many Economists speaking of the Taiwan Miracle. Its Economy is Export-oriented. It excels in Technology and is currently the 21st Largest Economy in the World, while also coming in 34th in the World Ranking in terms of GDP per Capita.

Taiwan’s position on the World Map makes it particularly important for the World’s Major Powers. The Island is of great Strategic Importance to the United States, given its proximity to Close Allies of Washington in the Region, such as Japan, South Korea and the Philippines.

In addition, the Taiwan Strait is considered crucial for the movement of Global Trade, while it is estimated that the Island produces 60% of the World’s Production of Microchips, essential Technological Components for the manufacture of Mobile Phones and Lithium Batteries.

TSMC (Taiwan Semiconductor Manufacturing Company), Headquartered in the huge Hsinchu Science Park, is the Largest Semiconductor (or Microchip) Producer in the World with a Capitalisation of $426bn.

As for the Military balance in the Taiwan Strait, it is firmly in China’s favor and it would be unlikely that the Island State would be able to defend itself in the event of a Chinese attack without External help.

Under President Xi Jinping, China has stepped up its display of Military Power, sending record numbers of Chinese Fighter Jets, Drones and Warships around the Island and holding Military Exercises in response to Political Exchanges between the US and Taiwan.

Beijing’s Message to Taipei and Washington from this Military Activity is crystal clear: Taiwan Independence is incompatible with Peace. The Issue is an Internal Affair that does not allow Foreign interference.

In his New Year’s Speech, moreover, President Xi Jinping declared: No one can stop the Reunification of China with Taiwan, giving a clear warning to all those Forces that openly support Independence inside and outside the Island.

Taiwan, for its part, demands that China permanently end its Military Activity in Neighboring Waters, which it says clearly undermines Peace and Stability and disrupts International Shipping and Trade.

But what consequences would a war between the USA Taiwan and China have for the Planet? A Bloomberg Article has previously argued that a Military Conflict in Taiwan could cost the Global Economy an astronomical amount $10trn, equivalent to 10% of global GDP, far exceeding the economic consequences of the Coronavirus Pandemic, the war in Ukraine and the Global Financial Crisis. And of course, the Blood that would be shed would be immeasurable.

In closing, I would like to express the hope that things will not escalate and that a Military Confrontation between the USA-Taiwan and China will therefore be prevented, which would be disastrous, as has been pointed out, not only for the Region but also for the entire Planet.

Isidoros Karderinis was born in Athens in 1967. He is a Journalist, Foreign Press Correspondent accredited to the Greek Ministry of Foreign Affairs. He is also as an Economist, Novelist and Poet.

Fellow Nigerians,

As we enter 2025, I wish everyone a happy and prosperous New Year. May you be rich in joy, success, and good health.

As the new year dawns, it brings many hopes, aspirations, and prospects for better days. By the grace of God, 2025 will be a year of great promise in which we will fulfil our collective desires.

Though 2024 posed numerous challenges to our citizens and households, I am confident that the New Year will bring brighter days.

Economic indicators point to a positive and encouraging outlook for our nation. Fuel prices have gradually decreased, and we recorded foreign trade surpluses in three consecutive quarters. Foreign reserves have risen, and the Naira has strengthened against the US dollar, bringing greater stability.

The stock market’s record growth has generated trillions of naira in wealth, and the surge in foreign investment reflects renewed confidence in our economy. Nevertheless, the cost of food and essential drugs remained a significant concern for many Nigerian households in 2024.

In 2025, our government is committed to intensifying efforts to lower these costs by boosting food production and promoting local manufacturing of essential drugs and other medical supplies. We are resolute in our ambition to reduce inflation from its current high of 34.6% to 15%. With diligent work and God’s help, we will achieve this goal and provide relief to all our people.

In this new year, my administration will further consolidate and increase access to credit for individuals and critical sectors of the economy to boost national economic output.

To achieve this, the federal government will establish the National Credit Guarantee Company to expand risk-sharing instruments for financial institutions and enterprises.

The Company — expected to start operations before the end of the second quarter — is a partnership of government institutions, such as the Bank of Industry, Nigerian Consumer Credit Corporation, the Nigerian Sovereign Investment Agency, and Ministry of Finance Incorporated, the private sector, and multilateral institutions.

This initiative will strengthen the confidence of the financial system, expand credit access, and support under-served groups such as women and youth. It will drive growth, re-industrialisation, and better living standards for our people.

On a personal note, thank you for placing your confidence in me as your president. Your trust humbles me, and I promise to continue serving you diligently and wholeheartedly.

We will continue to embark on necessary reforms to foster sustainable growth and prosperity for our nation.

I seek your cooperation and collaboration at all times as we pursue our goal of a one trillion-dollar economy. Let us stay focused and united.

We are on the right path to building a great Nigeria that will work for everyone. Let us not get distracted by a tiny segment of our population that still sees things through the prisms of politics, ethnicity, region, and religion.

To achieve our national goals and objectives, we must become better citizens and uncompromising in our devotion and allegiance to Nigeria.

Citizens’ moral rectitude and faith in our country are fundamental to the success of the Renewed Hope Agenda. In 2025, we will commit to promoting adherence to ethical principles, shared values, and beliefs under the National Identity Project.

I will unveil the National Values Charter, already approved by the Federal Executive Council, in the first quarter of 2025. I will launch an ambitious national orientation campaign that fosters patriotism and love for our country and inspires citizens to rally together. The Charter will promote mutual commitments between the government and citizens and foster trust and cooperation among our diverse population and between the government and the citizens.

As far-reaching and foundational as our reforms are, they can produce the desired outcomes only through shared common values and identities and unconditional love for our country.

The Youth Confab will begin in the first quarter of 2025, a testament to our commitment to youth inclusiveness and investment as nation-builders. The Ministry of Youth will soon announce the modalities for selecting the conference’s representatives from our diverse, youthful population.

Dear Compatriots, I urge you to continue believing in yourselves and keeping faith in our blessed country.

Let me use this New Year’s message to urge our governors and local council chairpersons to work closely with the central government to seize emerging opportunities in agriculture, livestock, and tax reforms and move our nation forward. I commend governors who have embraced our Compressed Natural Gas initiative by launching CNG-propelled public transport. I also congratulate those who have adopted electric vehicles as part of our national energy mix and transition. The Federal Government will always offer necessary assistance to the states.

To all citizens, your sacrifices have not been in vain over the past 19 months. I assure you they will not be in vain even in the months ahead. Together, let us stay the course of nation-building.

The New Year will bring us closer to the bright future we all desire and the Nigeria of our dreams.

God bless you all, and may God bless our beloved country, Nigeria.

Happy New Year and a prosperous 2025 to you all!

Nigeria is one of Africa’s largest Economies, yet much of its Valuable Resources—like Oil, Cassava, and Leather—are sold as Raw Materials. These Raw Products are then brought back as expensive Finished Goods. It’s like growing Cocoa, selling it cheaply, and then buying it back as Costly Chocolate. The European Union (EU), however, has found smarter ways to manage its Trade. Using tools called FIGARO Indicators, the EU can spot Opportunities, reduce Waste, and create Jobs. Nigeria could learn a lot by using similar Strategies.

Take Cassava, for example. Even though Nigeria is the World’s largest Cassava producer, we still import Cassava Starch and Ethanol. Why? Because we don’t process enough of it Locally. By using Methods like the EU’s, Nigeria could track Cassava’s Journey from Farms to Factories to Markets. This would show where Value is lost. Building Local Factories to Process Cassava could reduce Imports, save Money, and create many Jobs in Farming, Manufacturing, and Transportation.

The Leather Industry has the same problem. Sokoto’s Leather is some of the best in Africa, but much of it is sold as Raw Hides, letting other Countries profit by making Shoes, Bags, and Jackets. Imagine if Sokoto became known Worldwide like Italy for its Leather Products. With smart Planning and Investment, Nigeria could produce High-Quality Goods and grow a strong Local Industry that competes Globally. Reports show that Nigeria’s Leather Industry could grow its Contribution to the Economy significantly if more Leather is processed Locally. This could open up new Markets and create many Jobs.

The EU’s approach to handling Crises also provides Lessons. When COVID-19 disrupted Global Trade, Countries that relied heavily on Imports struggled the most. Nigeria experienced this too, especially with Medicine and Food Supplies. Tools like FIGARO could help Nigeria map out its Import Needs and develop Local Solutions, making the Economy Stronger and more Self-Reliant. For example, investing in Local Pharmaceutical Production could reduce reliance on Imported Medicines and create a steady Supply Chain.

In Technology, Lagos is already a Center for Innovation, but many Startups still depend on Imported Software and Hardware. What if we started making more of these Products here in Nigeria? Imagine Nigerian-Made Apps and Devices being used not just at Home but across Africa and beyond. FIGARO-Style Tools could help identify where Local Tech Production can grow and reduce the need for Imports. Lagos’s Tech Ecosystem has already attracted significant Investments, showing its potential to expand and compete Globally if given the right support.

Unemployment, especially among Young People, is one of Nigeria’s biggest challenges. Tools that analyse Trade and Production can show where Investments can create the most Jobs. Developing Industries like Sokoto’s Leather Sector or Lagos’ Tech Scene could create Work Opportunities at every Level, from Factory Workers to Office Professionals. These Jobs would improve Incomes and strengthen Communities. For example, targeted Investment in Training and Infrastructure for the Leather Industry could create thousands of Jobs every year.

The Environment is another Area where Nigeria can learn. The EU uses its Tools to make Industries greener, and Nigeria could do the same. Cleaner Production Methods in Industries like Cement or Manufacturing would not only protect the Environment but also attract Investors who care about Sustainability. This would position Nigeria as a Leader in Eco-Friendly Development. Using Renewable Energy in Factories could also help reduce Emissions and Lower Production Costs.

Discussions about Nigeria’s Tax Reforms, especially Value-Added Tax (VAT) Distribution, also show the need for Fair Policies. Some States believe they should keep more of the VAT they generate, while others argue for sharing Funds more equally to support Essential Services. Using Data-Driven Tools like FIGARO, Nigeria could analyse how VAT is generated and spent. This would help ensure that Productive States are rewarded while Less-Developed Ones still get enough support for Schools, Hospitals, and Roads. A balanced Approach could build trust among States and encourage all Regions to boost their Economic Activities.

The EU’s success shows what is possible. Their experiences are detailed in a Report called Macroeconomic Globalisation Indicators Based on FIGARO, available on the Eurostat Website. Nigeria can adapt these Strategies to fit its own Needs, improving Trade Policies and creating Fair Tax Systems.

Nigeria has the Resources, Talent, and Potential to grow Industries that compete Globally and improve Lives Locally. By keeping more Value within the Country, creating Jobs, and designing smarter Policies, Nigeria can turn its Potential into real Prosperity. The time to act is now. Let’s show the World what Nigeria is capable of.

Picture this - it’s Thanksgiving. The Cameras are snapping, People are laughing, and there you are, standing next to a Turkey. With a quick Signature, you save this Bird from becoming Dinner, and everyone smiles at the silly Tradition. But then, using that same Power, you pardon your Son, and the World goes wild with anger.

This is the tricky World of Presidential Pardons—a mix of fun rituals and serious decisions that can make or break trust.

In the United States, the President’s Power to pardon comes from Article II, Section 2, Clause 1 of the Constitution, known as the Pardon Clause. It allows the President to "grant Reprieves and Pardons for Offenses against the United States, except in Cases of Impeachment." While there’s a Formal Process involving the Office of the Pardon Attorney, the Presidents can skip all that and act directly if they want to.

In Nigeria, the President has a similar Power under Section 175(1) of the Constitution. This "Prerogative of Mercy" lets the President show compassion, fix Judicial mistakes, or bring peace to a Divided Nation. But, like in the U.S., this Power isn’t always used wisely. Sometimes, it feels more like a Political Tool than an Act of Kindness.

Take Nigeria’s Fourth Republic, for example. Presidential Pardons have been used to reward Political Allies or erase Corruption Charges. When former Bayelsa Governor Diepreye Alamieyeseigha was pardoned, it caused an uproar, with many wondering if Justice had been sold out for convenience.

In America, the story isn’t much different. President Obama pardoned Non-violent Offenders to highlight unfair punishments, but some said he didn’t do enough. President Trump’s Pardons, on the other hand, often seemed personal—like helping out Friends or Allies such as Roger Stone and Paul Manafort. This raised big questions about whether the Pardon Power was being used for Justice or Favors.

Now, President Biden’s recent pardon of his Son, Hunter Biden, has stirred up even more debate. Hunter faced serious charges like Tax Evasion and alleged Drug Offenses. By stepping in, Biden showed the deeply personal side of Pardons, but it also raised questions: Was this a Father helping his Child or a President misusing his Power? Just like when Nixon was pardoned Decades ago, this Act has sparked fierce arguments about Fairness and Responsibility.

What makes this Power so fascinating is how it’s both praised and criticised. Take the Case of Mubarak Bala in Nigeria, a Prisoner of Conscience. Many, including U.S. Lawmakers like Jamie Raskin, have called on the Nigerian President to use the Pardon Power to set him free. But when that same mercy is shown to a Political Ally or Family Member, People see it as Favoritism.

Experts say the Power to pardon is supposed to bring a Human Touch to the Legal System. Laws aren’t perfect, and Leaders need the ability to fix mistakes. But this same freedom can easily be abused, leaving People to wonder: Where do we draw the line between Justice and playing Favorites?

Think back to that Thanksgiving Turkey. Sparing a Bird is harmless fun. Pardoning a Son, though, puts a Leader’s Morals and Decisions under the spotlight. It’s no surprise People react so strongly. These acts show the Human side of Leadership—for better or worse.

In the end, Pardons reveal the heart of Leadership. They’re about juggling Personal Feelings with Public Duty, Fairness with Compassion, and Tradition with Transformation. Maybe next time a Turkey gets saved, we’ll laugh at the lighthearted moment but also remember the big questions that come with this immense Power.

FEDERAL MINISTRY OF MARINE AND BLUE ECONOMY

FIRST REVIEW DRAFT

POLICY ON MARINE AND BLUE ECONOMY

PRELIMINARY PAGES

• FORWARD

Marine and Blue Economy encompasses a broad spectrum of activities, from traditional industries such as fisheries and shipping to emerging sectors like marine biotechnology and Blueocean Energy. The world's oceans, seas, and coasts are vast and rich ecosystems that have for long sustained human life and economic activities.  As we move forward in the 21st century, the importance of exploring and exploiting Nigeria’s aquatic resources and marine spaces are now being recognized for their potential contribution to inclusive and sustainable development.

To this end, the establishment and framing of the governance and administrative structures that superintend the Marine and Blue Economy ecosystem in an environmentally sustainable manner is rapidly gaining global traction.  Accordingly, countries are increasingly exploring the vast resources hosted within their ecosystem, thereby balancing economic growth with environmental sustainability.

This Policy aims to leverage the vast potential of Nigeria’s Marine resources inclusive of inland waters, while ensuring the preservation of marine biodiversity and the health of marine ecosystems and presents Nigeria with a unique opportunity to innovate and create a sustainable future. 

1. ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

We extend our deepest gratitude to everyone who supported and contributed to this work on the Marine and Blue Economy Policy. It is the product of the collective and collaborative efforts of experts in the fields of Policy, Governance, Economics, Law of the Sea, Geology and Mining, Environment, Marine Biology, Fisheries, Oceanographers, Aquacultures, and Development drawn from governments, civil society, academia, researchers and inter-ministerial entities. Special thanks are due to the local coastal communities/stakeholders for their cooperation and willingness to share their experiences and knowledge, which were crucial in shaping this work. This Policy was produced collaboratively by the contributors who worked in the Federal Capital Territory, Abuja, from Monday 21st of October to Wednesday 34th October 2024. This Policy is to be considered a living document. Its implementation will generate further lessons and good practices emerging from countries engaged in the Blue Economy process. It is expected to provide decision-makers and other stakeholders with clear and simple guidelines and options for aligning their policies with the Marine and Blue Economy concept. Finally, we would like to acknowledge the ongoing efforts of all those dedicated to advancing the sustainable management of marine resources and promoting the blue economy. Their commitment continues to inspire and drive positive change in our oceans and coastal regions.

1.0 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY

1.1 The National Policy on Marine and Blue Economy is a strategic framework designed to harness Nigeria’s vast marine and coastal resources to foster sustainable economic growth, environmental protection, and socio-economic development aligns with global trends towards integrated marine management and positions Nigeria as a leader in the Marine and Blue Economy sector. The vision for this national policy is to transform Nigeria into a global hub for sustainable marine and blue economy practices, promoting economic development, environmental stewardship, and social equity. As a nation, we must ensure that we achieve a responsible utilization of marine resources, protect biodiversity, and while supporting economic activities expand and diversify Nigeria’s marine-based industries, including fisheries, tourism, and shipping. The policy understands the need to mitigate the impacts of marine pollution and climate change, preserve marine ecosystems for future generations, enhance the livelihoods of coastal communities through inclusive and equitable opportunities in the blue economy, foster innovation in marine technologies, and support research initiatives that drive progress in the sector. 

1.2 The policy equally addresses the need to implement sustainable fishing practices, protect marine biodiversity, and ensure sustainable exploration within the Exclusive Economic Zones (EEZ) and Areas Beyond National Jurisdiction (ABNJ). It will also restore degraded marine environments and promote marine tourism, development of port infrastructure, and support maritime industries including shipping and offshore oil and gas exploration. Nigeria has developed as a necessity, strategies to reduce marine pollution, address the impacts of climate change, enhance marine protected areas, involve local communities in decision-making processes, enhance their capacities, and provide economic opportunities linked to the blue economy. While the country has identified the need to establish a robust institutional structure for policy implementation, coordination among stakeholders, and enforcement of regulations that will emanate from this policy, it is also conscious of the import of investing in research, technology development, and training programs to support the growth of the Marine and Blue Economy sectors. 

1.3 It also recognizes the need to establish mechanisms for tracking progress, assessing impact, and making necessary adjustments to ensure the policy’s effectiveness. Consequently, the policy is expected to contribute to the diversification of the economy through job creation, thereby increasing Nigeria’s GDP. It will also promote marine ecosystem health, reduce pollution, enhance resilience to climate change, enhance access to economic activities, improve the quality of life, and strengthen social equity among coastal and inland waterways communities.  In light of the above, the development process for the National Policy on Marine and Blue Economy started with identifying the need to have a robust policy for the Marine and Blue Economy in Nigeria and commenced with the inauguration of the Technical Committee made up of staff of the Federal Ministry of Marine and Blue Economy, aides of the Hon. Minister and Resource Persons.  

1.4 The development process of this policy contains Eight Broad Parts that deal with the Introduction and Overview of the Policy; Legal and Institutional Framework; Maritime Transport, Trade and Shipping; Fishery and Aquaculture; Marine Abiotic Resources; Marine Innovation & Technology; Cross-Cutting Issues and Policy Implementation Arrangement. represents a transformative approach to leveraging Nigeria’s marine resources for sustainable development. By focusing on integrated management, economic diversification, and environmental protection, Nigeria is poised to achieve significant advancements in its blue economy sector, benefiting both current and future generations.

TABLE OF CONTENTS

1. Foreword
2. Acknowledgement

iii. Executive Summary

Table of Contents

 Acronyms 

PART ONE: INTRODUCTION AND OVERVIEW OF THE POLICY

1.0 Preamble -

1.2 Overview 

1.3 Background

1.4 Aim and Objectives

1.5 Mandate

1.6 Vision Statement

1.7 Mission Statement

1.8 Purpose

1.9 Scope

1.10 Context

1.11 Policy Development Process

PART TWO: LEGAL AND INSTITUTIONAL FRAMEWORK

2.0 Preamble

2.1 Nigerian Port Authority (NPA)

2.2 Nigerian Maritime Administration and Safety Agency (NIMASA)

2.3 Nigerian Shippers’ Council (NSC)

2.4 National Inland Waterways Authority (NIWA)

2.5 Council for the Regulation of Freight Forwarding in Nigeria (CRFFN)

2.6 Maritime Academy of Nigeria (MAN)

2.7 Nigerian Institute for Oceanography and Marine Research (NIOMR)

PART THREE: MARITIME TRANSPORT, TRADE AND SHIPPING

3.0 Preamble 

3.1 Maritime Transport      

3.2 Overall Governance and Maritime Administration 

3.3 Cabotage Administration   

3.4 Maritime Safety and Security     

3.5 Maritime Infrastructure Development

3.6 Ports and Harbor Management       

3.7 Inland Dry Ports  

3.8 Vehicle Transit Areas                               

3.9 Ship Registration and Administration  

3.10 Inland Waterways Administration        

3.11 Accident Investigation (Marine Boards of Enquiry) 

3.12 Technology of the Marine and Blue Economy Value Chain  

Maritime Security 

PART FOUR -   FISHERIES AND AQUACULTURE 

4.0 Preamble

4.1 Inland Fisheries (Lakes, Rivers, Dams and Reservoirs)

4.2 Marine /Industrial Fisheries - (Lagoons, creeks, mangroves, High seas -

4.3 Fisheries Resource management, monitoring, control & surveillance -

4.4 Aquaculture (species diversification, gen bank commercial and non-commercial species) 

4.5 Fish Processing, Quality assurance and Fish disease control and Management 

4.6 Fisheries & Aquaculture research, innovation, technology & development 

PART FIVE: MARINE ABIOTIC RESOURCES

5.0 Preamble

5.1 Coastal Resilience and Adaptation to Climate Change

5.2 Seabed Mining

5.3 Seabed Cabling and Piping                                 

5.4 Seabed Decommissioning

5.5 Marine Litters             

PART SIX: MARINE INNOVATION & TECHNOLOGY 

6.0 Preamble 

6.1 Marine Technology

6.2 Marine Biotechnology

6.3 Marine Genetics

6.4 Marine Pharmaceuticals

6.5 Water Desalination

6.6 Blue Energy (e.g., offshore wind, tidal power)

6.7 Sustainable Fishing

6.8 Marine Pollution and Waste Management                

6.9   Data and Information Management               

6.10 Marine Spatial Planning (conservation, biodiversity, mapping, marine protected area

6.11 Eco-tourism and marine recreation

6.12   Knowledge Generation and Management

PART SEVEN: CROSS CUTTING ISSUES: 

7.0 Preamble 

7.1 Research and Development

7.2 Human Resource and Professionalism

7.3 Maritime Labour Matters

7.4 Education & Training

7.5 Funding and Investment

7.6 Climate Change

PART EIGHT     IMPLEMENTATION STRUCTURE 

8.0   Coordination Mechanism   

 8.1 National Implementation Committee (NIC) 

8.2   Membership of the National Implementation Committee  

8.3   Functions of National Implementation Committee (NIC) 

 8.4 Technical Working Committee (TWC)  

8.5   Membership of the Technical Working Committee 

8.6   Functions of Technical Working Committee (TWC                                                                         

PART NINE: MARINE AND BLUE ECONOMY STAKEHOLDERS 

9.0 Introduction 

9.1 Role of Coastal and Water Bodies States 

9.2 Role of National Stakeholders

9.3 Role of Sub-Regional, Continental and International Stakeholders

9.4 Timeline (Roadmap) of Implementation Strategies                           

9.5 Monitoring & Evaluation                                                                         

9.6 Risk and Mitigation Strategy            

9.7 Policy Review Timeline  

10. Conclusion                                                                                                 

ANNEXURES:

All relevant Annexures of Definitions, Abbreviations; etc

PART ONE: INTRODUCTION AND OVERVIEW - 

1.0 Introduction

1.2 The Marine and Blue Economy (MBE) represents a holistic and sustainable approach to harnessing the potential of oceans, coastal and inland waters living and non-living things for economic growth, ecological conservation, and societal development. It promotes economic growth, social inclusion, preservation, and improvement of livelihoods while at the same time ensuring environmental sustainability of the oceans, and coastal and inland water areas. It is regarded as the decoupling of socioeconomic activities from environmental degradation and optimizing the benefits that may be derived from marine and inland water resources. It conceptualizes oceans as ‘development spaces’ where spatial planning integrates conservation, sustainable use of oil and mineral wealth extraction, bioprospecting, sustainable energy production, and marine transport. The MBE paradigm constitutes a sustainable development framework for developing countries that address equity in access to development and the sharing of benefits from marine and inland water resources, offering scope for re-investment in human development. 

2 Overview 

1.2.1 Nigeria’s total land and water area is 923,768 sq. km, with the area of land being 910, 768 sq. km while that of water is 13,000 sq. km. The Nigerian coastline, which is approximately 850 km stretches across eight states Akwa-Ibom, Bayelsa, Cross Rivers, Delta, Edo, Lagos, Ogun, Ondo, and Rivers, the coastline zone is classified into four broad regions namely the barrier lagoon coast, the transgressive mud coast, the  Niger Delta and the strand coast and comprises inshore waters, coastal lagoons, estuaries and mangroves which provide opportunities in oil and gas exploitation, shipping, fishing, agriculture, sand mining, and tourism. Taken together the Marine and Blue Economy Sub-sector of Nigeria can support the nation’s economic diversification policy in the other areas of Shipbuilding and repairs ports infrastructure and services, energy generation, seabed mining underwater cabling, marine biotechnology, (pharmaceuticals and chemicals), water desalination, waste management and disposal, maritime research and consultancy services, and maritime habitat protection and restoration.   Given the significance of the sector, the Federal Ministry of Marine and Blue Economy (FMMBE) was created in August 2023 with the mandate to Institutionalize the Marine and Blue Economy as an important pillar for economic sustenance and growth diversification having due regards to the ecosystem.

1.3 Justification

1.3.1 To provide a safe, secure, and sustainable MBE sector, it is expedient that a robust policy framework is developed. This will serve as a blueprint for Nigeria's strategic utilization of its extensive maritime resources and enhance a strong, diversified, sustainable, and competitive economy. 

1.3.2 The development of the policy is premised on:

1. under-explored maritime domain;
2. inadequate comprehensive policy, addressing critical areas that are in line with the objectives of the MBE; 
3. limited involvement of government agencies, local communities, industry partners, academia, and international organizations;
4. inadequate mechanism for generating and collecting reliable data;
5. inadequate framework to address the increasing demand for sustainable development, job creation, and ecological preservation within the blue sector; and 
6. vast opportunities to support the country’s food security and energy infrastructure from the marine ecosystem.

1.4 Aim and Objectives 

1.4.1 this policy aims to provide a blueprint for effective management and coordination among relevant Ministries, Departments, and Agencies (MDAs), and Stakeholders within the value chain for harmonizing national actions in the sector. 1.4.2 Hence, the objectives include:

1. stimulate economic growth and job creation by expanding maritime industries, developing fisheries, aquaculture, maritime transport, and related sectors;
2. enhance resilience to climate change impacts through adaptation strategies, contributing to the overall sustainability and ecological integrity of marine ecosystems;
3. enhance and improve the socio-economic well-being of coastal and inland waterways communities;
4. Stimulate strong international cooperation and diplomacy;
5. Support allied sectors of the economy such as energy infrastructure, food security, and industrialization; and
6. Support the implementation of the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs).

1.5 Mandate

1.5.1 To Institutionalize the Marine and Blue Economy as an important pillar for economic sustenance and growth diversification having due regard to the ecosystem.

1.6 Vision Statement

1.6.1 To make Nigeria a global leader in sustainable marine and blue economy practices.

1.7 Mission Statement 

1.7.1 To sustainably harness Nigeria's rich marine and coastal resources, fostering economic growth and development while ensuring the conservation of our marine ecosystems. 

1.8 Scope

1.8.1 The policy addresses the prospects, opportunities, and challenges in maritime transport, trade, shipping, fishery and aquaculture, marine abiotic resources, marine innovation & technology, legal and institutional framework, and other cross-cutting issues like climate change and sustainability pathways in line with Environmental, Social, and Governance (ESG) principle. Geographically, it covers all coastline and marine waters within the EEZ and ABNJ. It also applies to all uses and activities in the marine environment, additional sector-specific policies, including maritime transport, tourism, fisheries, and the establishment of marine protected areas. 

1.8.2 Furthermore, it includes all aspects of offshore sovereignty, economically valuable resources in water, such as seabed, onshore infrastructure (seaports, maritime routes) connected with domestic and international trade, and offshore energy resources, be they fossil-based or blue energy. It envisages new and emerging marine technologies and the latest developments in science with an emphasis on the production of goods and services from fisheries, marine manufacturing, shipping, and tourism that relate to the sea and the oceans.

1.9 The Underlying Philosophy 

The Policy vision and the Mission statements will be best achieved with the underpinning philosophies:

1. Leadership: Building strong political will, commitment, and leadership that will engender strong and sustained private sector participation.
2. Priority Setting: Emphasizing the demand side as against the supply-driven STI engagements with the private sector in Nigeria.

iii. Funding: Evolving sustainable funding mechanisms and sustained investments on the part of government with the private sector as the focal point and development partners. 

1. Partnership: Building a virile National Robust and Innovative System, where all the key components are adequately linked for synergy, partnership building, and enhanced competitiveness for economic growth.
2. Acculturalization: Making NPMBE a way of life and building a culture of sustainability to create an enhanced standard of living for all citizens that recognize the Government-Industry Academia (GIA) linkages as a catalyst for economic transformation.

1.10 Policy Development Process

In a bid to develop a robust policy that reflects the mindset of relevant stakeholders and the expectations of the citizenry, the Ministry conducted a need analysis for the policy, after which a Steering and Technical Committee was constituted to develop a zero draft. While developing the policy, stakeholders from different sub-sectors were consulted including the coastal communities, inland waterways communities, Maritime ship owners and other critical stakeholders.  Similarly, inputs were harvested from multilateral organizations, MDAs, academia, and relevant development partners. 

1.10.1 In line with global best practice, the policy was subjected to the scrutiny of the Federal Ministry of Budget & Economic Planning, Nigeria Economic Summit Group (NESG), and KPMG. After several rounds of consultations and validation sessions, the draft policy was forwarded to the Federal Executive Council for Presidential assent. 

Following, the Presidential approval, several rounds of sensitization exercises were conducted to further enlighten citizens on the content and implications of the Policy. Summarily, the development of the Policy undertook the following process:

1. Identified the need for the policy 
2. Conducted need analysis 
3. Constituted and inaugurated the Steering and Technical Committees 
4. Developed Zero Draft
5. Engaged relevant MDAs
6. Conducted Stakeholder engagement/ validation
7. Forwarding of Draft Policy to Federal Executive Council (FEC)
8. Sensitization/Unveiling of the Approved Policy

PART TWO 

LEGAL AND INSTITUTIONAL FRAMEWORK

2.0 The Legal Framework

2.1 Existing Situation 

2.1.1 The Marine and Blue Economy Sector is a dynamic sector with diverse local and international legal and regulatory frameworks as well as conventions. Also, the sector has cross-cutting and Inter-Ministerial activities that need a lot of collaboration and partnership. 

2.2 Policy Statement

The policy requires multi-faceted legislation, and this is what the policy has done. This framework encompasses legal, regulatory, and institutional structures to ensure sustainable management and utilization of marine and coastal resources

2.3 Policy Goal

To accord MBE a central role in National Economic Planning and Development through the establishment of effective legal and policy framework as well as strengthening linkages at various levels within the NIS. 

2.4 Policy Objectives

1. Review of relevant Acts to incorporate the new MBE Policy and its succeeding policies. 
2.  Facilitating, strengthening, and repositioning FMMBE through appropriate legal instruments to address the demands of the new MBE perspective as the custodian and coordinator of marine and blue economy matters in the country. 
3.  Establish and strengthen the National Council on Marine Research and Blue Economy for effective implementation of the MBE Policy.

2.5 Policy Strategies 

1. Ratification and domestication of IMO instruments into the Nigerian legal system ensures their enforcement across the nation’s maritime domain.
2. Effective implementation of the Suppression of Piracy and Other Maritime Offence (SPOMO) Act has helped in combating piracy in the Gulf of Guinea
3. Establish the National Marine Research and Innovation Fund 

2.6 Maritime Law Framework:

• Merchant Shipping Act (2007)
• Coastal and Inland Shipping (Cabotage) Act (2003)
•   Maritime Operations Coordinating Board Act (1992)
•   Nigerian Maritime Administration and Safety Agency (NIMASA) Act (2007)
•   Nigerian Ports Authority (NPA) Act (1999)
•    NIWA Act
•    Shipping Regulations (2012)
•  Maritime Labour Convention (MLC) 2006 (ratified by Nigeria)
•   SPOMO Act
•   NIOMR Act
•    MAN Act
•    CRFFN Act

 2.7 Blue Economy Framework

• National Ocean Policy (2014)
•   Nigerian Ocean Governance Framework (2017)
•  Fisheries Regulations (2011)
•   Aquaculture Regulations (2013)
•   Coastal Area Protection and Management Law (2011)
•  Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) Act (1992)
•  National Environmental (Marine Pollution) Regulations (2011)

2.8 Regulatory Agencies:

1. Nigerian Maritime Administration and Safety Agency (NIMASA)
2.  Nigerian Ports Authority (NPA)
3.  National Inland Waterways Authority (NIWA)
4.  Nigerian Shippers’ Council (NSC)
5.   Council for the Regulation of Freight Forwarding in Nigeria (CRFFN)
6.  Fisheries and Aquaculture Department (To be rephrase)

• Support MDAs

1. 1. Federal Ministry of Environment (FMEnv):
   2. Federal Ministry of Agriculture and Food Security (FMAFS)
   3.  Federal Ministry of Science, Technology and Innovation (FMST&I) 
   4.  Federal Ministry of Finance (FMF)
   5. Federal Ministry of Budget and Economic Planning (FMB&EP)   
   6. Federal Ministry of Justice (FMJ)   
   7.  Federal Ministry of Foreign Affairs (FMFA) 
   8. Federal Ministry of Solid Minerals Development (MMSD) 
   9. Federal Ministry of Works   
   10.  Federal Ministry of Industry, Trade and Investment (FMIT&I):
   11. The Presidency – Office of the National Security Adviser (ONSA) National Boundary Commission and Surveyor General’s Office:   
   12. The Ministry of Petroleum Resources (MPR)

• The National Assembly (NASS):     

2.10   Sub-National CBOs and NGOs

The Sub-Nationals: State Governments, relevant State Ministries, Agencies, and Local Governments shall be consulted during the National Councils, CBOS, NGOS, and Stakeholders Forums for a seamless implementation of this Policy

2.11   International Conventions:

1. United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea (UNCLOS) 1982
2.  International Maritime Organization (IMO) Conventions (e.g., SOLAS, MARPOL)
3.  African Maritime Transport Charter
4.  ECOWAS Maritime Transport Protocol

2.12 Regional and Bilateral Agreements:

1. Economic Community of West African States (ECOWAS) Maritime Transport Protocol
2.  Gulf of Guinea Maritime Security Strategy
3.  Nigeria-Multilateral Cooperation Agreement on Maritime Security

PART THREE

MARITIME TRANSPORT, TRADE AND SHIPPING

3.0 Preamble

3.1 The Ministry of Marine and Blue Economy in its efforts to reposition the Nigerian Maritime Transport System had: 

1. developed guidelines for the implementation of the Limitation of Liability for Maritime Claims (LLMC) Convention in Nigeria;
2. Finalized, gazette, and produced the Inland Waterways Transportation Regulation (2023) for safety on the inland waterways;
3. Commenced the implementation of the Nigerian Ports Process Manual (NPPM) on Joint Boarding of Vessel, Joint Cargo Examination, and Operation Free-the-Corridor Programme;
4. Developed a comprehensive four-year Key Performance Indicators (KPIs) Implementation Plan for the Ministry and its Agencies;
5. Adopted the National Joint Industrial (NJIC) Collective Bargaining Agreement on Conditions of Service for Nigerian Seafarers in Coastal Sector 2023;
6. Carried out Joint international compliance inspections with American and EU scientists on Nigerian fishing companies and vessels on TED/BRD.

3.1. Following the port reform of 2004, practically all core cargo handling activities and associated terminals were delegated to Private Terminal Operators, while jurisdiction at the seaside remained with the Nigerian Ports Authority. The Government is committed to promoting shipping and regulatory reforms to ensure that access to efficient and competitive shipping services is maintained. 

3.2 Maritime Transport 

3.2.1 Existing Situation

The maritime transportation industry in Nigeria is critical to the economic growth of the nation. At present, the Nigerian Maritime domain is well secured, especially with the deployment of the Deep Blue Security Architecture and the passage of the Suppression of Piracy and Other Maritime Offence (SPOMO) Act has helped in combating piracy in the Gulf of Guinea.   Nevertheless, the port turnaround time, connectivity to other modes, and automation of humans and trucks access control to the ports need to be addressed.

3.2.2 Policy Statement

Maritime transport aims to develop a maritime industry that is income-generating, self-sufficient, and competitive with comparative advantage in the domestic, regional, and global markets.

3.2.3 Policy Goal

To ensure that the port and ships operate in a safe, secure, efficient, and sustainable manner, to meet the nation’s economic and security needs. 

3.2.4 Policy Objectives

1. Strengthen the designated Agencies serving as the port economic regulator to harmonize and sustain port charges that will make business in Nigerian ports more efficient and competitive; 
2. Ensure the full implementation of the Single Window System and other trade facilitation instruments in the ports to fast-track cargo documentation and clearance;
3. Develop the necessary infrastructure required for the efficient multi-modal transport system in Nigeria through a network of functional road, rail, and inland waterways systems across the country;
4. Provide an enabling environment that will promote Public Private Partnership (PPP) in national and international maritime transport activities; and
5. Promote the use of Cost, insurance, and freight (CIF) for export and Free on Board (FOB) for import for all international trade transactions. 

3.2.5 Policy Strategy

In collaboration with other relevant MDAs and allied institutions

1. Collaborate with the National Assembly for the amendment of relevant Acts of the Agencies to make business in Nigerian ports more efficient and competitive; 
2. Full implementation of the Single Window System and other trade facilitation instruments in the ports to fast-track cargo documentation and clearance;
3. Provide infrastructure for efficient multi-modal transport system within the ports through a network of functional road, rail, and inland waterways system;
4. Promote Public Private Partnership (PPP) in national and international maritime transport activities; and
5. Promote the use of Cost, insurance, and freight (CIF) for export and Free on Board (FOB) for import for all international trade transactions.

3.3 Cabotage Administration

3.3.1 Existing Situation

The Cabotage policy in Nigeria, governed by the Cabotage Act of 2003, is aimed at developing indigenous shipping capacity by restricting coastal shipping between Nigerian ports to Nigerian-owned, built, manned, and registered vessels. The Cabotage Vessel Financing Fund (CVFF) supports Nigerian operators in vessel acquisition and dry docking to boost their involvement in Cabotage trades.

3.3.2 Policy Statement

The government recognizes the great potential and benefits of Coastal and Inland Shipping and is resolved to address the constraints to enable the country to fully exploit the benefits of the Coastal and Inland Shipping (Cabotage) Act 2003. Therefore, the government's objective is to develop inland and coastal shipping with private sector participation.

3.3.3 Policy Goal

1. Review of the Coastal and Inland Shipping (Cabotage) Act 2003 as stipulated.
2. Strengthen the institutions for effective enforcement of the provisions of the Act.
3. Encourage inter-agency synergy for effective implementation of the Act. 
4. Streamline the process of accessing the Cabotage Vessel Financing Fund (CVFF) as enshrined in the Act.
5. Encourage the commitment of the government to the strict implementation of the Act.

3.3.4 Policy Objectives

To optimize the Cabotage regime in Nigeria by enhancing regulatory frameworks, promoting Indigenous participation through financial and operational support, improving operational standards, and fostering sustainable development in the domestic maritime industry.

3.3.5 Policy Strategy

In collaboration with other relevant MDAs and allied institutions

1. Facilitate access to funds and incentives for the acquisition and repairs of vessels.
2. Provide tax incentives and subsidies to enable indigenous investors to compete favorably with foreign maritime operators.
3. Promote joint ventures and investment in maritime projects.
4. Promote transfer of technology in the maritime industry.
5. Enforcement of the Cabotage Act.
6. Promote investment in port and maritime infrastructure, strengthening regulatory enforcement and monitoring and engagement with stakeholders.

3.4 Maritime Safety and Security

3.4.1 Maritime Safety

3.4.1.1   Existing Situation 

Despite the efforts by the government to ensure that vessels coming to Nigeria’s ports comply with international conventions, substandard vessels still visit the ports. The policy recognizes the need to strengthen the regulatory authorities and build capacity across the board. Nigeria’s action in the field of maritime transport, and particularly maritime safety and protection of the marine environment, generates significant added value to the international framework (IMO Conventions).  The ratification and domestication of IMO instruments into the Nigerian legal system ensures their enforcement across the nation’s maritime domain. In addition, Nigeria plays a pivotal role in improving international standards by adopting stringent requirements within the West and Central African sub-region and promoting their adoption at the international level.

3.4.1.2   Policy Statement

The policy aims to ensure safe, secure, and environmentally friendly system of transportation of goods and passengers in line with local and international standards.

3.4.1.3   Policy Goal

1. Ensure proper manning of vessels by Nigerian seafarers;
2. Ensure that all vessels within Nigerian waters meet the basic safety standards in line with international conventions and domestic legislations;
3. Ensure safe navigation of ships within Nigerian territorial waters without encumbrances;
4. Establish full maritime domain coverage and enhance Search and Rescue (SAR) operations in the maritime environment including the Gulf of Guinea;
5. Develop and promote mutual assistance and cooperation between neighboring State Parties in maritime safety, security and protection of the marine environment; and
6. Promote the sharing of best practices among State Parties in the overall management and operation of Maritime Administrations and other maritime entities.

3.4.1.4 Policy Objectives

1. Ensure that all ships operating in Nigerian waters operate by local and international maritime safety, security, and environmental protection regulations;
2. Promulgate appropriate legislation to govern the safe operation of Nigerian flagged ships worldwide and foreign ships operating in Nigerian waters by enforcing Port State and Flag State control measures;
3. Continue to fulfill international obligations under treaties, and multilateral and bilateral agreements regarding maritime safety, security and environmental matters;
4. Review and update maritime-related legislative frameworks in conformity with international obligations and the dynamics of the industry;
5. Collaborate with the West and Central African sub-region to eliminate sub-standard ships through continued implementation of the Flag State and Port State Control (PSC) regimes for Indigenous and foreign ships calling at Nigerian ports in line with extant MoUs;
6. Ensure the Flag State and Port State Control (PSC) inspection targets, currently set at 100% and 15% respectively of all ships making a port call are met and, ensure that the resources required are adequate;
7. Ensure effective Search and Rescue mechanisms through inter-agency collaboration and synergy;
8. Encourage inter-agency collaboration in dealing promptly with wrecks and derelicts in the Nation’s waters as well as create an enabling environment for ship recycling technology through PPP;
9. Ensure that all related interfaces with ships including Jetties and terminals (offshore and onshore) are maintained safely to avoid undue exposure of vessels to unnecessary risks; and
10. Ensure the implementation of the ISPS Code to detect security threats and employ security measures in ports, terminals, and ships.

3.4.1.5 Policy Strategy

In collaboration with other relevant MDAs and allied institutions

1. Ratification domestication and enforcement of all maritime safety conventions on all vessels within her territorial waters;
2. Establishment of an attractive and competitive ship registry and ensure that all vessels flying her flag meet the minimum manning requirements by qualified and certificated personnel;
3. Provision of requisite pilotage complements and other safety equipment, facilities, and channels necessary for safe navigation of vessels along her port channels with zero tolerance for accidents and delays;
4. Provision and sustenance of well-equipped and functional Search and Rescue (SAR) Centres operated by qualified and experienced personnel at strategic locations within her maritime domain in line with the global requirements;
5. Promotion of regional and international technical cooperation and collaboration on safety, security, and marine environmental protection issues for effective implementation and enforcement that will meet the expectations of the global maritime community;
6. Encouragement of best practices in the management and operation of maritime administration activities within her territorial waters; and
7. Empowerment of the designated agency with all the human and material resources required to make the inland waterways functional in a safe, secure, and environmentally clean manner for sustainable operations and management.
8. Implementation of the policy and strategy for continuous performance monitoring of Nigeria’s flag, port, and coastal state obligations 

3.5   Maritime Security

3.5.1   Existing Situation

The terrorist attacks on the World Trade Center, New York City USA on the 11th of September 2001, and subsequent attacks in Madrid, Paris, London, and Brussels, show how vulnerable transport infrastructure is. All transport modes now must find the right balance between providing commercial openness and effective security procedures. In maritime transport, the Federal Government has been active in recent years, legislating to improve ports and sea security to complement international efforts.

3.5.2 Policy Statement

The policy aims to enforce all customs laws, including oil theft, fishery, and immigration laws of Nigeria at sea, in addition to making charts and coordinating all national hydro-graphical surveys, the aim is to protect ships and ports from terrorism; it has incorporated the ISPS Code into Nigerian Law and extends its application to domestic operations of inland waterways.

3.5.3 Policy Goal 

1. Establish full maritime domain coverage through enhanced surveillance of the maritime environment including the Gulf of Guinea; 
2. Curb all maritime crimes within Nigeria’s maritime domain through the implementation of subsisting legislations; and
3. Ensure that the relevant Nigerian law enforcement agencies intervene in the protection of the sovereignty of the State and all infrastructure, installations, and equipment within the Maritime industry. The intervention shall be by the extant laws of the Federal Republic of Nigeria.

3.5.4 Policy Objectives

1. Provide adequate infrastructure, platforms, and equipment for effective security operations;
2. Enhance maritime domain awareness for detection, deterrence, and interdiction of maritime crimes;
3. Prevent infringement and violation, as well as ensure the enforcement of Customs, Immigration, Fishery, and Pollution Laws and Regulations;
4. Protect the merchant shipping and sea lanes;
5. Preserve the exclusive right of exploration and exploitation of resources within the Nation’s EEZ and ABNJ;
6. Adequate funding of research institutions for exploration and exploitation;
7. Coordinate hydrographic surveys and marking of charts for Nigeria’s waters and the sub-region in general;
8. Prevent marine pollution including but not limited to dumping of toxic wastes in Nigerian waters;
9. Provide adequate funds for the construction of jetties, acquisition of patrol vessels and other equipment for maritime security; and
10. Encourage and attract patronage for effective utilization of existing shipbuilding and repair facilities such as the Naval Dockyard and Shipyard to promote the local shipbuilding industry.

 3.5.5 Policy Strategy

In collaboration with other relevant MDAs and allied institutions

1. Provide adequate support for the maintenance of maritime sovereignty and security and amend relevant laws to make surveillance and enforcement of marine activities more effective;
2. Promote national and international collaboration to prevent illegal activities and threats to maritime security as well as enforce national and international obligations within her territorial and inland waters;
3. Coordinate existing resources held by the various agencies with competencies in surveillance and enforcement to optimize their use and effectiveness; and
4. Support capacity-building initiatives to strengthen monitoring, surveillance, and enforcement capabilities within her maritime domain. 

3.6 Maritime Infrastructure Development 

3.6.1 Existing Situation

Maritime Infrastructure Development in Nigeria has been characterized by both opportunities and challenges. Nigeria has several major ports, including the Port of Lagos (Apapa and Tin Can Island), Port Harcourt, Onne, and Calabar. The Port of Lagos is the busiest and most significant in terms of cargo volume. Many of these ports suffer from congestion, inadequate facilities, and inefficiencies that lead to delays and increased costs for shipping and logistics. There have been ongoing efforts to expand and modernize existing ports. Nigeria has a vast network of rivers and waterways that are underutilized for transportation. 

3.6.2 Policy Statement

Develop and modernize port infrastructures to become a well-integrated multi-modal and inter-modal transportation system that is economically efficient, properly maintained, and environmentally sustainable.

3.6.3 Policy Goal

To develop maritime infrastructure for Nigeria's economic growth and competitiveness. 

3.6.4 Policy Objectives 

1. Upgrade and expand existing port facilities to accommodate larger vessels, improve cargo handling capacity, and reduce turnaround times;
2. Invest in the development of coastal and inland waterways to facilitate efficient transportation of goods, enhance trade connectivity, and promote regional development;
3. Encourage investment through PPPs to leverage private sector expertise and funding in the development and management of maritime infrastructure;
4. strengthen maritime safety and security measures to protect shipping routes, ports, and coastal areas from piracy, smuggling, and other illegal activities;
5. streamline regulatory processes and enhance the capacity of maritime authorities to ensure compliance with international standards and best practices;
6. improve Capacity Building and Human Resource Development; and
7. promote research and development.

3.6.5 Policy Strategy

In collaboration with other relevant MDAs and allied institutions

1. Assess current Infrastructure Inventory in the sector;
2. Coordinate an effective Policy Framework;
3. Investment and Financing (Funding Mechanisms, Public-Private Partnerships, and International Collaboration);
4. Infrastructure Development Plans (Port Expansion and Modernization, Development of Inland Ports)
5. Technology and Innovation (Adoption of digitization and smart technologies in port operations)
6. Monitoring and Evaluation (Performance Metrics, Regular Reviews and Feedback Mechanisms)
7. Capacity Building and Human Resources Development (Educational Programs and Skill Development).

3.7 Ports and Harbor Management           

3.7.1 Existing Situation

Ports and Harbor Management focuses on concession and privatization, tariff regulation, safety and security standards, environmental protection, cargo handling and storage, vessel traffic management, as well as dispute resolution mechanisms for port administration. In a bid to achieve seamless port management operation, an Integrated Port Management Information System (IPMIS) was introduced to implement a centralized revenue collection system. However, some challenges still exist such as port congestion and inadequate infrastructure at the ports. 

3.7.2 Policy Statement

To deliver efficient port services in a safe, secure, and conducive environment, which serves as a maritime hub for sustainable port operations and services in Africa. 

3.7.3 Policy Goal

To maintain the highest possible levels of safety and security for port operations as well as ensure high standards in the implementation of international port policies for efficient service delivery.

3.7.4 Policy Objectives

To serve as a pathway to international best practices for port operations in compliance with safety and security for shipping service delivery and to minimize disruptions in the flow of port traffic.       

3.7.5 Policy Strategy

In collaboration with other relevant MDAs and allied institutions

1. Develop a world-class seamless approach by providing modern port facilities, decongest ports, strengthen security, and adopt PPPs among others; and
2. Develop guidelines for Harbour expansion development and modernization for long-term planning towards infrastructure improvements and maintenance.

3.8 Inland Dry Ports

3.8.1 Existing Situation

In line with the government’s desire to improve the ease of doing business in the sector, it has provided port complementary capacities and brought shipping services close to the steps of shippers in the hinterland. This infrastructure developed through PPP has also created an enabling environment for private sector participation in the development and operation of the dry ports and related infrastructure in the country. 

3.8.2 Policy Statement

This policy seeks to bring shipping activities closer to shippers in the hinterland and increase cargo throughput as well as quick turnaround time as a catalyst for improved trade flows. 

3.8.3 Policy Goal

3.23.1 Create a comprehensive framework for the concession, development, operation, and management of Inland Dry Port (IDP) in the country. 

3.8.4 Policy Objectives

1. Improve the overall logistics and supply chain efficiency within Nigeria by providing integrated transport solutions that reduce congestion at seaports;
2. Support international trade by providing a reliable and efficient gateway for import and export activities, thereby promoting economic growth;
3. Develop the necessary infrastructure such as roads, rail links, and handling facilities to support the operations of the inland dry port;
4. Encourage industrial and economic development in the regions surrounding the inland dry port, creating jobs and fostering local businesses;
5. Promote the use of multimodal transport systems, ensuring seamless movement of goods between maritime and inland transport;
6. Decrease transportation costs for shippers and importers by providing a more efficient alternative to traditional shipping routes;
7. Streamline customs processes and procedures to facilitate faster clearance of goods, thereby reducing dwell times;
8. Promote sustainable transportation practices and minimize the carbon footprint associated with freight transportation;
9. Create a favorable investment climate to attract private sector participation in the development and operation of the dry port; and
10. Enhance the security of cargo transport through proper monitoring and control measures at the inland dry port.

3.8.5 Policy Strategy

In collaboration with other relevant MDAs and allied institutions

1. establish well-planned infrastructure, including customs facilities, warehousing, and transport connectivity to key markets;
2. engage with government agencies, logistics providers, shipping companies, and local businesses to create an integrated transport network;
3. ensure all operations comply with national and international regulatory frameworks governing trade and transport;
4. implement advanced technology systems for tracking, monitoring, and managing cargo to enhance efficiency and transparency;
5. overseeing operations, ensuring adherence to policies and regulations, and facilitating stakeholder collaboration;
6. actively engage with port users, industry associations, and local communities through regular consultations and feedback mechanisms. A stakeholder advisory committee will be formed to ensure that diverse interests are represented in the decision-making process; and
7.  promote the use of green technologies, efficient waste management practices, and initiatives aimed at reducing carbon emissions.

3.9 Vehicle Transit Areas        

3.9.1 Existing Situation

Despite efforts to develop its maritime infrastructure, including ports and terminals that function as vehicle transit areas for both commercial and passenger transport. Major ports like Apapa, Tin Can Island, and Onne Port are crucial for cargo handling and transportation, challenges such as inadequate road access to ports, congestion at port entry and exit points, and limited capacity for handling increasing maritime traffic, continue to inhibit the optimization of the huge potentials in Nigeria’s port and allied systems.

3.9.2 Policy Statement 

The policy creates the framework for effective management and improvement of vehicle transit areas within Nigeria's marine and blue economy sector, contributing to sustainable development and economic prosperity.

3.9.3 Policy Goal 

The goal is to enhance safety protocols and security measures for marine transport to protect both passengers and cargo to support economic development. 

3.9.4 Policy Objectives 

1. 1. Ensure the efficient, safe, and sustainable movement of goods and personnel within the marine and blue economy sector, thereby enhancing economic growth, environmental protection, and social well-being;
   2. Ensure implementation of stringent safety and security measures to protect life, property, and the environment within vehicle transit areas;
   3. Promote sustainable practices to minimize the environmental impact of vehicle transit operations;
   4. Enhance the efficiency of vehicle transit operations to reduce costs and improve the competitiveness of Nigeria's marine and blue economy sector;
   5. Ensure compliance with national and international regulations governing vehicle transit in marine and blue economy sectors;
   6.  Foster collaboration among government agencies, private sector players, and local communities to ensure the successful implementation of transit policies;

• ; and

• Facilitate economic development by improving access to markets and reducing logistical barriers in the marine and blue economy sector.

3.9.5 Policy Strategies 

In collaboration with other relevant MDAs and allied institutions

1. Develop and enforce safety and environmental standards for vehicles operating within marine transit areas;
2. Establish a robust monitoring and evaluation system to oversee compliance with transit policies;
3. Upgrade existing transit infrastructure and construct new facilities as needed to meet growing demands;
4. Foster public-private partnerships to mobilize resources and expertise for infrastructure development and maintenance;
5. Promote the adoption of green technologies and practices to reduce the carbon footprint of transit operations;
6. Conduct regular training and capacity-building programs for transit area personnel;
7. Engage local communities and stakeholders in the planning and implementation of transit policies;
8. Develop modern technologies and innovative solutions to optimize vehicle transit operations and enhance monitoring and control mechanisms;
9. Ensure capacity building and training programs to equip personnel with the necessary skills and knowledge for efficient transit operations;
10. Implement measures to prevent pollution and protect marine biodiversity in vehicle transit areas
11. Enhance data collection and analysis capabilities to inform policy decisions and improve transit operations; and
12. Collaborate with international organizations and neighboring countries to harmonize transit regulations and practices.

3.10 Ship Registration and Administration    

3.10.1 Existing Situation

Nigeria operates a closed ship registry system managed by NIMASA, allowing only vessels owned by Nigerian citizens or companies to be registered under the Nigerian flag. This system supports local ship ownership and strengthens the national maritime industry's compliance with international standards. The registration process demands proof of Nigerian ownership, adherence to safety standards, and proper documentation. Challenges such as bureaucratic inefficiencies, limited capacity, and compliance issues exist. Recent reforms, including digital platforms and streamlined procedures, aim to modernize and improve the efficiency and transparency of ship registration is ongoing.

3.10.2 Policy Statement

Establish an efficient, transparent, and effective ship registration and administration system that is digitally driven to promote the growth and competitiveness of the national maritime sector to make Nigeria a leading maritime nation in Africa.

3.10.3 Policy Goal

To create a digital ship registry that is transparent and efficient to streamline the processes that support the growth of Nigeria’s maritime industry, ensure compliance with national and international standards, and make Nigeria a leading maritime nation in Africa.

3.10.4 Policy Objective

To make Nigeria a leading maritime nation in Africa by improving its ship registration through a streamlining process, regulatory compliance, and enhancing transparency through digital solutions to strengthen regulatory capacity and support Nigerian-owned vessels.

3.10.5 Policy Strategy

In collaboration with other relevant MDAs and allied institutions

1. modernize ship registration by implementing a digital platform, updating regulatory frameworks, and improving transparency through clear guidelines and reporting. 
2.  invest in capacity building, expanding financial support for Nigerian shipowners, and engaging with industry stakeholders.

3.11 Inland Waterways Administration

 3.11.1 Existing Situation

Inland waterways transportation and administration plays a fundamental role in the socio-economic development of countries, especially in critical activities such as commuting, energy supply, goods allocation, and tourism, among others. Nigeria has the second largest length of inland waterways in Africa, approximately 10,000 kilometers of waterways, which are open for use at certain times of the year. While about 3, 000 kilometres are navigable.

3.11.2 Policy Statement

Establish the protocols to Improve and maintain ports, harbors, and waterways, to enhance their capacities for optimal use for appropriate commercial and recreational purposes. 

3.11.3 Policy Goal

To provide regulatory, economical, and operational leadership in the nation's inland waterways system and develop infrastructural facilities for an efficient intermodal transportation system in line with global best practices that are safe, seamless, and affordable.

3.11.4 Policy Objectives

1. Sustainably develop infrastructure on the inland waterways
2. Improve regulatory Framework for the development of inland waterways
3. Ensure environmental sustainability on inland waterways
4. Decentralize governance for local administration
5. Sustain drive for multimodal transport
6. Modernization and digital transformation of inland waterways  
7. Safety and Security Enhancement

3.11.5 Policy Strategy

In collaboration with other relevant MDAs and allied institutions, achieve;

3.11.5.1 Infrastructure Development

• Ports/Jetties Modernization and Expansion: Identify priority area inland water infrastructure like ports and jetties for modernization, focusing on the River Niger/Benue and Delta Rivers, where significant commercial activity takes place. Expand these ports/jetties to handle larger vessels and more cargo.
• Dredging and Maintenance: Conduct regular dredging of major waterways to ensure that channels are deep enough for larger barges. This will involve modern dredging technologies and sustainable methods to minimize environmental impact.
• Investment Promotion: Create friendly investment avenues to attract both foreign and domestic investors. Public-private partnerships (PPPs) can be promoted to fund large-scale infrastructure upgrades.
• Cargo Handling Improvements: Implement modern cargo handling equipment at ports and jetties to reduce loading/unloading times. Automation of processes like container handling can also be explored.

3.11.5.2 Regulatory Framework

• Regulation Streamlining: Simplify regulatory processes for infrastructure development and private-sector involvement. Create clear and transparent procedures for obtaining permits, licenses, and approvals for inland waterway projects.
• Institutional Strengthening: Enhance the capacity of

THE GENERAL MULTIPURPOSE CARD(GMPC) 

We are meeting one of our core mandates by introducing a new card program  with multiple use cases and payment functionality for various social and financial  services. 

⮚ The new GMPC scheme layered with payment and verifiable Identity as the  foundation, will in various ways address the demand for physical and digital  evidential identity in any location with or without connectivity.  

⮚ This enables cardholders to prove their identity, access multiple government  services and facilitate social and financial inclusion of disenfranchised  

Nigerians. 

Improved Economic Stability 

⮚ It will also empower citizens and encourage increased participation in nation 

building. 

GMPC ENABBLES ECONOMIC AND FINANCIAL INCLUSION Access to Financial Services3 

OUR STRATEGIC ROADMAP FOR GMPC ISSUANCE 

• The strategic roadmap of our DG/CEO is to revitalize the card program with the issuance of  GMPC scheme with multiple variants to deal with different use cases in line with Mr President’s  directive on the mandatory use of NIN.  

⮚ The Implementation is currently at advanced stage focused on the following use cases: 

✔ Use Case 1: Payments ✔ Use Case 2: Government to  

people programs(G2P) 

✔ Others: Optional Senior Citizens  

Centre programs, ECOWAS National  

Biometric Identity Travel Card (ENBIC)  

in collaboration with NIS, etc.4 

BENEFITS TO CITIZENS 

Enhanced Financial Inclusion 

The new identity program opens up  

access to social and financial services  

for all especially the unbanked and  

underbanked populations.  

Evidential Means for Identification The need to have a trusted and verifiable  identity means citizens can now be  

uniquely identified digitally with evidence 

Three-in-one Value 

This is now eased by having just one card  layered with both their identity, payment  and accessing social benefits 

Capable for Cross-Border Transactions Capability for cross-border payments  

enabling consumers to make  

international transactions efficiently  

Offline Capabilities 

This will allow transactions to be carried  out in areas with limited network  coverage and address literacy issues with  fingerprints 

Access To Government  

Services 

Citizens can now benefit directly from  the government e.g social, financial, and  economic intervention programs 

Convenience and  

Interoperable 

Consumers can make secure transactions  at various points of sale, online  

merchants, and ATMs with verifiable  identity. 

Social Intervention 

Palliative, transportation, grants, etc. 5 

BENEFITS TO GOVERNMENT 

6

KEY SCHEME FEATURES 

• Biometric authentication, such as fingerprint and picture, to aid identity verification within any location  including areas with limited infrastructure. 
• Longer years validity and easy requisition from multiple channels 
• Offline capability ensures transactions can be carried out in any location including areas with limited  network coverage 
• Banking details at back of card with chip and pin and contactless functionalities • Support: Cash, digital tokens, virtual wallets, and eNaira 
• Function either as a debit and prepaid card for both banked and unbanked individuals on AfriGo rail • Includes Nigeria quick response code (NQR) with National Identification Number 
• Support for multiple wallets: the ability to process unique citizens across multiple programs via the 32- wallet application on the card  
• Interoperable with existing payment system: ATMs, POS, Mobile Apps, and web-based payment  7 

gateways

USE CASE 1: PAYMENT 

• The Federal Government of Nigeria, in collaboration with NIMC, CBN, and NIBSS's AFRIGOPAY Financial Services arm, is introducing payment and identity solution for local and international card transactions.
• AfriGO, a domestic card scheme by the CBN, will power this card issued by participating banks. These cards

will be purely be based on user request. 

8

CRITICAL CHALLENGES IN THE PREVIOUS PROGRAMS  ADDRESSED 

⮚ Wide distribution and acceptance of the National ID cards from multiple channels- bank  branches etc. 

⮚ Possibility of personalization and fulfillment across the country instead of one perso plant. ⮚ Easy Requisition and multiple points of request and delivery 

⮚ Free Choice of banks and pick-up location. 

⮚ Your money and Identity in one card with immediate access to government services. ⮚ Reduce FX related collaterals on the foreign card schemes 

9

USE CASE 2: GOVERNMENT TO PEOPLE  

PROGRAMS(G2P)

This use case will be enabled for Identity and all  

government intervention and services across  

multiple Ministries, Departments, and Agencies  

(MDAs). Among other capabilities and  

functionalities, it will be enabled for the compliance  

with the EMV/ ID operational & security standards.  

Currently, we are at advanced discussion in the last  

1 year with 20 MDAs and 6 states on the use of the  

G2P cards with two ready for lunch in January 

How to get the Cards: To be issued based on the  

government program. This will be purely program 

driven. 

10 

CRITICAL CHALLENGES IN THE PREVIOUS PROGRAMS  ADDRESSED 

✔Low delivery cost 

✔Offline real-time capability addressing infrastructure challenges  nationwide. 

✔Lower social, economic, and financial access  

✔Verifiable identification no matter the location 

✔Use of fingerprints for accessing services to address literacy issues 

✔Real access through electronic money and tokens, and NOT just  cash. 

✔Ensures government intervention achieves its objective, with no  chance for deviation 

✔Cheaper card and possibility for instant Issuance 

11

ROLL-OUT  PLAN FOR  Q1 2025 

1. Enable the G2P ecosytem to meet the urgent needs for  authentication and a secure platform for government  services such as Palliatives The focus is on the  

Vulnerable Nigerians funded by the current government  intervention programs. 

2. Activate the bank-enabled National ID in the next 2  months to meet the needs of the middle and upper  segments who will pay on request for these cards 
3. Provide virtual(digital)versions of all cards for those who  may want such cards for display but with limited  

functionalities or purely photo IDs without any use case. 12

HOW TO GET  

THE CARD 

13

PORTAL FUNCTIONALITIES REQUEST CHANNELS  

Fresh/New card  Request 

Card Reissuance  Request 

Card Deactivation  Request 

Card Status Request

SELF 

SERVICE  

PORTAL 

REQUEST  

CHANNELS 

APPOINTED  

AGENTS/MDAs 

WALK IN – 

NIMC OR  

BANK BRANCH 

ONLINE REQUISITION PORTAL 

This is an online request portal that allows NIN holders irrespective of their  locations(local & international) to: 

✔ Initiate a card request 

✔Select their preferred card type, bank, and pick-up location. 

Additional features include 

✔ Dashboard for the banks and ERCs to process and monitor requests. ✔Audit trail for NIMC to monitor the card delivery status, generate reports, and  perform other administrative roles. 

✔ Integration into online request channels of all participating banks & MDAs. ✔Routed to the NIMC Card Lifecycle Management System on card pick up. 

15

CARD STATUS

A feature to track the status of submitted requests online by applicants 

When application has been  

processed by the bank 

When application  

has been  

submitted 

When NIMC  has processed  ID details 

When PERSO  company is  producing card

Card pick up notification to  NIMC CLMS & Bank  

When card is  

ready for pick  

up 

POINTS OF NOTIFICATION 

16 

HIGH-LEVEL DEPLOYMENT PLAN 

Implementation 

• Implementation commenced in January 
• Dependent deliverables from NIMC were  completed in April 
• Integrations with critical stakeholders such  as NIBSS/CBN completed 

Press Release 

03 

04 

Go-Live 

• Go live and launch  activities- January 2025 
  

Joint Press release to the  

02 

dailies Bank/MDA Engagements 

01 

• Joint Conference with the Banks – May 
• Agreement of Pilot banks/MDAs for rollout/Integration- May Nov 
• Finalize integration with banks and MDAs and issue pilot  

cards - June- Dec, 2024 

17 

CONCLUSION

The New National E-ID Card with Payment  

and Social Services represents a  

groundbreaking integration of identity  

verification, financial transactions, and  

CONCLUSION 

access to social and government services to 

enhance security, efficiency, and inclusivity.  

We seek the cooperation in realizing this  

potential for the collective benefit of society. 

18 

Let us work together to enable Nigerians and legal residents participate in the growing  digital economy in a verifiable and scure manner as we fulfill our core mandates.

19 

FREQUENTLY ASKED QUESTIONS 

20

FREQUENTLY ASKED QUESTIONS 

21

FREQUENTLY ASKED QUESTIONS 

Credit NIMC PR

Introduction and Overview

The National Identity Management Commission (NIMC) plays a pivotal role in maintaining the National Identity Database (NIDB) and ensuring that Nigerians are securely enrolled and recognized for various public and private services. However, prior to the appointment of Engr. Abisoye Coker-Odusote as the Director General (DG) and Chief Executive Officer of NIMC on August 24, 2023, the commission faced numerous challenges that hampered its effectiveness in delivering on its mandate.

1.1 Some of the key challenges included:

• Slow Enrollment Processes: Limited capacity and outdated infrastructure significantly slowed down the NIN registration process, causing long waiting times for citizens at enrollment centers across the country.
• Identity Fraud and Security Concerns: Widespread reports of identity theft, extortion by unscrupulous agents, and the proliferation of fraudulent websites claiming access to NIMC’s database created a critical need for better cybersecurity measures.
• Backlog and Operational Inefficiencies: Several operational bottlenecks, including an outstanding two-year backlog for payments to Front-End Partners (FEPs), administrative inefficiencies, and inadequate staff management, undermined the commission’s ability to serve the public effectively.
• Public Skepticism and Low Confidence: Due to suspicious cases of data security breaches and poor service delivery, there was a general lack of public confidence in the NIMC, reducing the adoption of NIN as a critical identification tool.

In response to these challenges, Engr. Abisoye Coker-Odusote, upon assuming office, immediately took decisive actions to revitalize the commission by focusing on a five-point agenda aimed at addressing these key issues. Her leadership has not only restored order but also laid the foundation for a more effective and transparent NIMC. This report outlines the DG's key achievements in her first year, mapping them to the five-point agenda that has driven her transformative leadership.

• Achievements in Line with the Five-Point Agenda

2.1 Increase Enrollment

Before her appointment, NIMC faced significant delays and inefficiencies in the NIN enrollment process due to insufficient equipment and an overwhelmed system. Many citizens experienced long queues and a lack of access to enrollment centers, further exacerbated by unregulated third-party agents who extorted citizens.

2.1.1 Achievements

• Deployment of over 800 mobile enrollment devices: This strategic initiative has expanded the enrollment capacity across Nigeria, helping to register an additional over 13 million Nigerians, bringing the total number of registered NINs from 100 million to 113, 163, 868 as at 21st Nov. 2024.
• Revalidation of Front-End Partner (FEP) licenses: This has ensured that only certified partners manage the enrollment process, reducing fraudulent activities and streamlining operations.
• Creation of territorial offices: This move has enhanced the oversight of staff and operations, ensuring smoother administrative processes and more effective management of enrollment activities across the country.
• Launch of the Self-Service Mobile App and Web Modification App: These self-service platforms allow citizens to update their records and enroll in a more user-friendly, accessible way without the need to visit enrollment centers.

2.1.2 Impact 

These steps have significantly reduced long waiting times, increased access to enrollment services nationwide, and brought the NIMC closer to achieving universal enrollment coverage.

2.2 Harmonization and Integration of Data Across All Agencies

A key priority for the DG was to address the fragmented approach to identity management across various government agencies, which led to duplication and inefficiencies in data handling. 

2.2.1 Achievements

• Successful integration of NIN with the Nigerian Immigration Service (NIS): This ensures that immigration processes are directly linked with the NIN database, enabling seamless verification for passport issuance.
• Inter-agency collaboration with the Federal Inland Revenue Service (FIRS): This integration supports data harmonization, making the NIN the foundational identifier for tax and financial records.
• Technological upgrades: The NIMS Middleware has been improved to automate date of birth modifications and introduce new workflows, including amputee verifications, to enhance service efficiency.
• Monitoring and evaluation systems: These systems have been implemented across enrollment centers to understand challenges faced by staff and enrollees, ensuring better data integration and management.

2.2.2 Impact 

These initiatives have significantly improved inter-agency cooperation, enhanced data security, and established the NIN as a critical tool for identity verification across multiple sectors.

2.3 Issuance and Activation of GMPC/Use of Applets

The issuance of the General Multipurpose Card (GMPC) had stalled in previous years, limiting its use in facilitating financial inclusion and identity verification.

2.3.1 Achievements

• Relaunch of the GMPC: The DG reactivated the issuance of the GMPC and included applets that enable secure payments and access to services directly via the card.
• Applets Integration for payments: With the inclusion of applets on the GMPC, citizens can now perform financial transactions more easily, enhancing their access to financial services.
• Expansion of diaspora enrollment centers: Over 200 new centers have been established globally, this will further ensure that Nigerians abroad can also access the GMPC and other identity services.
• NIMC Mobile Wallet ID: A significant milestone is the introduction of the NIMC Mobile Wallet ID, a cutting-edge mobile wallet app designed to allow residents to manage their digital identities. This app enables residents to scan and store their physical IDs as digital copies, customize information shared with enterprises, perform biometric (facial) authentication, and manage their IDs across multiple devices.

2.3.2 Impact 

These measures have provided Nigerians with a robust tool for identity verification and financial transactions, improving access to essential services.

2.4 Access to Services to Aid Financial Inclusion Through G2P Payments

Limited access to financial services had been a significant issue, especially in rural areas and among marginalized groups. Prior to the DG’s appointment, the NIN’s potential as a tool for financial inclusion had not been fully realized.

2.4.1 Achievements

• Rice Palliative Initiative Using NIN: In response to the economic challenges faced by many Nigerians, the DG initiated a rice palliative distribution program using the NIN for verification and allocation, ensuring fair and transparent access to relief packages.
• Student Loans Initiative with NELFUND: The NIMC played a pivotal role in the implementation of the Nigerian Education Loan Fund (NELFUND), where the NIN was used as a primary identifier for students applying for loans. This ensures that loans are allocated to deserving candidates and enhances financial inclusion for students.
• Seamless Verification Services: The DG also ensured the availability of seamless verification services for financial institutions, helping to bring more Nigerians into the formal financial system. The introduction of the High Availability NIMC Verification Service (HA-NVS) further streamlined access to identity data for service providers, bolstering financial inclusion.

2.4.2 Impact 

These achievements have directly contributed to financial inclusion, especially in remote areas, by ensuring that NIN is linked to essential financial services.

2.5 Increase Public and Private Sector Participation in Using NIN as the Foundational Data for Identification

Before the DG’s tenure, there was a lack of widespread enforcement and public awareness regarding the mandatory use of NIN, limiting its application in both public and private sectors.

2.5.1 Achievements

• Enforcement of NIN for SIM Registration: The NIMC worked closely with telecoms to enforce the NIN-SIM linkage, ensuring that all mobile phone users are registered with their NIN, reducing fraud and improving national security.
• Public Awareness Campaigns: Through aggressive monitoring, evaluation, and awareness campaigns, the DG has significantly increased the public’s understanding of the importance of NIN as a foundational identity document.
• Private sector engagement: The NIMC has collaborated with various private entities, including FAAN, TLS, VFS, and other organizations, to increase the use of NIN in their operations.
• Collaborations with State Governments: The DG worked closely with state governments to integrate the NIN with their residents' registration efforts, ensuring a more comprehensive database for national planning and service delivery.
• Increased Awareness and Enforcement of NIN Usage: The DG's tenure has seen aggressive campaigns to raise public awareness on the importance of the NIN as a foundational ID for accessing government services. She also ensured strict enforcement of the mandatory use of NIN across various sectors, enhancing the credibility and utility of the National Identity Database (NIDB).

2.5.2 Impact 

These efforts have greatly increased the public and private sector’s reliance on NIN for identity verification, positioning it as a central element in Nigeria’s national security and financial systems.

• Notable Security and Anti-Corruption Initiatives

One of the most significant accomplishments under Engr. Abisoye’s leadership has been the enhanced focus on security and combating corruption within NIMC and its processes.

3.1 Achievements

• Crackdown on fraud: Following reports of extortion by fraudulent agents and illegal websites like Goverify.com, Humanityverify.com, and Trustyverify.com, the DG partnered with the National Security Adviser (NSA) and the Nigerian Police Force - National Cyber Crime Center (NPF-NCCC) to launch a coordinated operation. Over 30 arrests were made, with recovered items including laptops, fake NIN slips, GPS flash drives, and NIN forms.
• Deployment of enforcement teams: NIMC, along with security agents, shut down unauthorized cybercafes and agents operating without proper licenses.
• Improved data security: Key initiatives such as the Key Life Cycle Management System (KLMS) are set to strengthened NIMC’s defense against data breaches and identity fraud.
• Payment of outstanding monies: Settling the backlog of outstanding payments to FEPs has improved trust and cooperation between NIMC and its partners.

3.2 Impact

These efforts have significantly reduced fraudulent activities and improved the security of the National Identity Database, restoring public confidence.

• In Progress and Future Plans

While the DG has achieved significant milestones, there are several ongoing projects and future plans aimed at further strengthening NIMC.

4.1 In Progress

• ABIS Upgrade Project: Currently underway, this project aims to increase the capacity of the existing biometric database to meet the ever-growing population of the federation, and also to enhance the biometric identity verification systems, including the deployment of new HPE servers and software for faster, more secure processing.
• Middleware Upgrades: Ongoing enhancements to the middleware systems will further streamline enrollment and record modification processes.
• Expansion of service points: Plans are in motion to increase the number of enrollment centers both within Nigeria and across the diaspora to meet growing demand.

4.2 Future Plans:

• Integration with more government services: Efforts are underway to ensure that the NIN is fully integrated into more public services, making it indispensable for every citizen.
• 24-Hour Service Delivery: The commission will be working to ensure the continuous access to NIMC services round the clock, further improving service delivery.
• Advanced Identity Verification Technologies: NIMC will continue its strides in the adoption of more advanced technologies including AI to further enhance its identity verification systems, making them more secure and efficient.

• Conclusion

In just one year, Engr. Abisoye Coker-Odusote has led a transformative overhaul of the National Identity Management Commission. Through her visionary leadership and the implementation of the five-point agenda, the NIMC has made remarkable strides in improving enrollment processes, strengthening its data security infrastructure, integrated more seamlessly with other government agencies, and ensuring the widespread adoption of NIN as the foundational identity document in Nigeria. The ongoing and future initiatives set the stage for further growth, efficiency, and trust in Nigeria’s identity management system. The DG’s achievements reflect her commitment to making the NIMC a world-class identity management agency, contributing to national security, financial inclusion, and improved public service delivery.

In recent years, the need for a new approach to Policing in Nigeria has become impossible to ignore. Many Communities feel disconnected from the Centralised Police Force, and this lack of connection leads to delays in responding to Local Crime, ineffective Law Enforcement, and, ultimately, a deepening gap in trust between the Police and the Public.

The good news? There’s a promising solution: creating a more Localised Police Force. In fact, we’re already seeing positive results from similar Models in Nigeria and around the World.

One of the most striking examples comes from the United States. Like Nigeria, the U.S. operates as a Federal Republic, where power is shared between a Central Government and Individual States. In the U.S., Police operate at different levels—Federal, State, and Local—so Local Police Departments in Cities and Towns can adapt their Approach to the specific needs of their Communities.

Officers who live and work within their Communities understand the unique challenges and are better equipped to handle them. This close connection often results in faster response times and more effective Crime prevention. So, if a large Country like the U.S. can make this work, could Nigeria benefit from a similar approach?

Canada, too, shows us the power of combining Centralised and Localised Policing. The Royal Canadian Mounted Police handle issues on a national scale, while local police focus on community-specific needs. This combination provides both broad oversight and flexibility, allowing Local Officers to address issues that matter most to their Communities. Canada’s success in managing a Federal Structure with both National and Local Police Forces suggests that Countries like Nigeria, which also have diverse Populations and Needs, could gain from adopting a similar Model. And while it’s useful to look Abroad, we don’t even have to go that far to see a successful example of Localised Policing.

Right here in Nigeria, we have Amotekun, the Western Nigeria Security Network. Amotekun was launched by South-Western States to handle Security Issues that the National Police had struggled with. Since its creation, Amotekun has helped reduce Crime in the Region, from responding to Kidnappings to tackling Armed Robbery. This shows that when Officers are closer to the Communities they serve, they can respond more quickly and work more efficiently because they know the Local Terrain, Culture, and People. So, if Amotekun is already showing success, what if we expanded this Idea Nationwide?

One of Nigeria’s biggest challenges is its diversity. With over 250 Ethnic Groups, many Languages, and varied Cultural Norms, a single, Centralised Police Force cannot possibly understand or address the unique needs of every Community. Localised Forces would bridge this gap by recruiting Officers from within each Community—People who know the Language, understand the Culture, and can relate to the People. This would build trust, making it easier for Communities to work with Law Enforcement to solve Crimes and keep Neighborhoods safe. But this isn’t just about better Policing; it’s about fairness and accountability, too.

Imagine this: a Loved One is kidnapped, and you rush to the Police for help. Instead of immediate action, you’re told that you’ll need to pay extra for them to trace the Kidnapper’s Phone. In Nigeria, Families in emergencies often face this heartbreaking situation. Localising Police Services could address this Issue. A more Community-Focused Approach could ensure that Resources are available when needed, without additional charges, because Officers would be more connected and accountable to the People they serve. So, wouldn’t a Localised Police Force be a step toward a more just and reliable System?

A Localised Police Force would also make Officers more accountable. When Police Officers are from the Area they serve, they’re likely to be held responsible by their Neighbors. This kind of connection can make Officers feel more interested in the Community’s well-being and can help reduce Cases of Police Misconduct. When Officers know the People and the everyday struggles of their Community, they’re more likely to act with integrity. Doesn’t that sound like a Model we’d want for Nigeria?

Some might argue that having one unified Police Force is what the Nigerian Constitution requires. But there’s room for interpretation here. The Constitution emphasises protecting the Security and Welfare of all Nigerians, which means finding the best ways to do that. In practice, States already employ Vigilante Groups and Community Security Outfits for Local Issues. Amotekun’s success is proof that State-led Security can work. So, if we’re already seeing positive results, why not formalise and expand this Idea for an even greater impact?

Localised Policing could also shift the focus from reacting to Crime to preventing it. When Officers work closely with their Communities, they can develop Programmes to address the root causes of Crime. This means not just solving existing problems, but stopping new ones from starting. Isn’t that the kind of proactive, preventive Policing Nigeria deserves?

Ultimately, creating a Localised Police Force in Nigeria could strengthen Public Safety, build Community Trust, and make People feel more secure in their Homes. My experience at the Citizen’s Academy, hosted by a Police Department in the East Bay Area, truly highlighted the importance and impact of a Community-Focused Approach to Policing. And with successful examples from Countries like the U.S., Canada, and our very own Amotekun, it’s clear that Local Policing isn’t just a Theory—it’s a proven solution.

Given Nigeria’s Federal Structure, much like that of the U.S., adopting a Localised Policing Model is not only feasible but may be key to fostering a safer, more connected Nation. Isn’t it time we bring safety closer home?

The Federal Executive Council (FEC) has proposed the sum of N47.9trn for the 2025 Fiscal Year for submission to the National Assembly on Monday.The Minister of Budget and Economic Planning, Atiku Bagudu disclosed this after the Council Meeting chaired by President Bola Tinubu on Thursday at the Presidential Villa.

According to him, the Council pegged the Price of Crude Oil at $75 per Barrel and proposed N1400 as Exchange Rate to a Dollar with  Oil Production put at 2.06million Barrels per day.

Bagudu said that the Budget Proposal includes new Borrowings of N9.2trn to finance the Budget Deficit in 2025.

The Minister added that with the growth rate of 3.19 per cent as at the Second Quarter of 2024, the Federal Government would continue to tackle Inflation, strengthen Economic resilience and provide more support for the Economy.

He also said that Government would continue to support high Employment Generation Sectors, improve Business Environment and effective implementation of Youths Development and Social Investment Programmes.

Bagudu also disclosed that FEC reviewed  the 2024 Budget implementation and acknowledged that the Review revealed promising in Revenue Collection and Expenditure Management.

”Despite lacks in prorated target, the overall trajectory shows that Fiscal effort are on track with Key Non-Oil Streams performing better than anticipated.

Similarly, the Minister said FEC approved the Medium Term Expenditure Framework and the Fiscal Strategy Paper to be submitted to the NASS.

”This is in addition to the Bills that are already at the National Assembly, the Economic Stabilisation Bill and Tax Reforms Bill , which we believe we will have a very strong growth in 2025,” he said.

Credit NAN: Texts excluding Headline

The 2024 Election results are in, and they’re big: Donald Trump has made a comeback with a landslide victory. While I expected he might return to the White House, I didn’t expect such a sweeping win.

Kamala Harris recently called Trump to concede, acknowledging [her] overwhelming support.

Now, with Trump’s Party controlling Congress, he has the power to push his Agenda through quickly. But what does this mean for Americans—and could Nigeria, as an Oil-Rich Nation, gain from Trump’s plans? Let’s dive into what might happen next.

Trump’s Big Plans with Full Support

With Congress in his favor, Trump has the support he needs to make some serious moves. Here’s what we might see first:
Creating Jobs and Boosting the Economy: Trump has promised to put American Jobs first, and he’s likely to deliver with Tax Cuts for Businesses and massive spending on Infrastructure—like improving Roads, Bridges, and Airports. His goal is to keep American Businesses thriving and to avoid relying too much on Foreign Products, especially after the Pandemic revealed Supply Chain Issues. This means more Opportunities for American Workers, and we might see lots of Construction and Industry Growth.

Tightening Up Immigration: Immigration has always been one of Trump’s main issues, and with his Party now backing him, we’ll likely see stricter Border Security and more focus on American Workers. He might work quickly to expand the U.S.-Mexico Border Wall and push new Immigration Laws that prioritise Jobs for Americans, which could spark strong reactions both for and against these Policies.

Focusing on Oil and Energy: Here’s where Nigeria could benefit. Trump has always been a Fan of Oil and Fossil Fuels, believing in Energy Independence for the U.S. With Congress supporting him, Trump may push to cut back on Environmental Rules and increase Oil and Gas Production. This move would likely raise Oil demand Worldwide, which could be a big win for Nigeria, one of Africa’s largest Oil Producers. If the U.S. increases its Oil Use, Countries like Nigeria could see Oil Prices go up, boosting their Economies. This could also attract more investment in Nigeria’s energy sector, creating jobs and generating revenue for the country. Nigeria could also find new trading opportunities as the U.S. seeks partners in oil production.

Changing Healthcare: Trump has talked about making Healthcare more affordable by encouraging Private options and competition between Providers. While his plans aren’t fully clear, he’ll likely aim to lower Healthcare Costs by increasing choices for Americans.

What to Watch Out For:
Now that Trump has the political power to move quickly, here are a few things we should keep an eye on:

Fast Policy Changes: With Congress in line, Trump might push through big Policy changes in Areas like Immigration and Energy. This speed could surprise some People, leading to Protests or Debates, especially around Environmental impacts.

Public Reactions: Not everyone is happy about Trump’s return, and his Policies could face resistance. Public demonstrations or challenges in Court could emerge as he rolls out new Policies.

U.S.-Nigeria Relations: Trump’s “America First” approach could affect U.S. Relationships with other Countries. Nigeria might see closer ties with the U.S. around Oil Trade, which could be a win for both Countries if handled well.

Final Thoughts
Trump’s landslide win means big changes are on the way. His Second Term, with Congress in full support, gives him the power to bring his Ideas to life quickly, both in the U.S. and potentially Abroad. Nigeria stands to gain from Trump’s Energy focus, as increased Oil demand could benefit the Economy. Whether People love or hate these changes, we’re all about to witness a new and impactful Chapter in History.

It’s an honour to welcome you to the 93rd Telecoms Consumer Parliament, Themed "Optimising Data Experience: Empowering Consumers through Awareness and Transparency in a Consumer-Centric Telecom Industry." 

This Theme is timely, as Internet Use has become essential to Daily Life, and our Role at the NCC is to not only ensure accessibility but to enhance Service Delivery for Consumers.

Over the past two Decades, the Telecommunications Landscape in Nigeria has transformed from basic Voice Services to high-speed Data that connects, informs, and powers Innovations.

With the Rollout of 3G, 4G, and now 5G, we’ve seen Nigerians adopting Social Media, e-Commerce, Online Banking, and more.

The Introduction of 3G Networks in the mid-2000s marked the beginning of this shift, enabling basic browsing and email. The leap to 4G LTE brought faster speeds, enabling Video Streaming, Online Gaming, and a myriad of Digital Activities.

Now, with 5G promising even faster speeds and lower latency, new frontiers are opening for Innovations such as Smart Cities, Autonomous Vehicles, and the Internet of Things, driving further demand for Data.

Today, as Data Consumption grows, fueled by Digital Advancements, we must address Consumer concerns over Data depletion and Billing transparency.

Globally, DataReportal notes there are now over 5 billion Internet Users, with Nigeria alone accounting for 132 million Connections. Nigerians spend an average of 4 hours and 20 minutes on Social Media daily, far above the Global Average, underscoring how deeply embedded Digital Interaction is in our Lives. In 2024, Nigeria’s Daily Data Usage averaged 336 Gigabytes per second, marking a 39% increase from the previous year—a clear indication of the Data-driven Lifestyle many Nigerians lead.

Despite this, many Consumers feel their Data depletes faster than expected, echoing a sentiment I hear often. Nigeria isn’t alone in this; other Countries, like Eswatini, are also working to address similar Consumer concerns about Data Usage.

Earlier this year, NCC analysed Consumer Complaints, revealing Data depletion and Billing Issues as top concerns. In response, we directed Mobile Network Operators and ISPs to conduct Audits of their Billing Systems, which reported no major Issues. However, perceptions persist due to two main factors:

(1) The impact of high-resolution Devices and improved Technologies on Data use and

(2) The complexity of Operator Tariffs.

With the advent of 4G and 5G, as well as Devices with ultra-high-definition Screens, Data consumption has naturally increased. For example, while viewing a Photo on Instagram might have required only 100 kilobytes of Data five years ago, today, with advanced Camera Resolutions, a Photo can consume between two to four Megabytes when opened on Instagram. According to Tech Advisor, an Online Resource that offers Tech Reviews, spending an hour on Instagram can set you off an average of 600 Megabytes of your Data, while Streaming Platforms like YouTube would set you off by about 3.5 to 5.4 Gigabytes per hour.

Improved Technologies go beyond their Purchase Cost to our Pockets, they also come at a Cost to Data. Because they have better Screen Resolutions, they consume higher quality Media that consumes more Data. This is the same for our increasing Digital habits: according to DataReportal, the World’s Internet Users are spending less time watching Television; the Average Daily Television Viewing has fallen by over 8% in the past one year. These Viewers are now spending more time on their Telephones, Tablets, and Smart TVs Streaming programmes that they would previously have watched on Broadcast Television.

Recognising these challenges, the Commission, in collaboration with Major Operators, launched a Joint Industry Campaign on Consumer Awareness on Smarter Data Usage. This Media Campaign, spanning Radio, Television, Newspapers, and SMS, aims to educate Consumers on effective Data Management. I am sure many of you have encountered Jingles or Graphics offering tips for managing Data. Our Message emphasises empowering Consumers with the knowledge to optimise their Data Usage. For example, many Smartphone Users may not know that their Devices can track Data Usage and allow them to set limits on the amount of Data they want to use.

Question to Audience: How many of us are aware of this Feature?

Smartphones, even when idle, often run background Applications like Automatic Updates and Location Services, which consume Data. Additionally, High-Definition Streaming Services like Netflix consume substantial Data— about three Gigabytes per hour in High Definition, or seven Gigabytes in Ultra-High Definition.

The Commission believes that an Informed Consumer is a better-equipped Consumer, leading to a clearer understanding of Data consumption and reducing misconceptions about Data depletion.

In addition, to address Tariff complexity, NCC issued a Guidance on Tariff Simplification, requiring Operators to provide clear, accessible Information on Data Plans and Pricing. This transparency will empower Consumers to make better-Informed Decisions about their Data Usage and Billing.

In the coming months, Operators will implement this Guidance, presenting Consumers with Tables detailing their Tariff Plans, Billing Rates on each Plan, and all Terms and Conditions related to the Tariff Plans they are on.

As I wrap up, I would like to stress at the heart of the Commission’s Strategic Vision is the commitment to meet the expectations of our Stakeholders: the Consumers, the Industry/Licensees, and the Government.

I daresay that the Government and Operators thrive on satisfied Consumers. To achieve this, our focus has evolved from simply demanding quality Service to ensuring a holistic Quality of Experience throughout the Telecom Consumer’s Lifecycle—from SIM Registration to Usage and even Service Disposal. Our goal is for Consumers to be consistently satisfied with Telecom Services.

Over the past months, our Data Analysis has shown that quality Service Delivery is not solely the responsibility of Mobile Network Operators; it requires Collaboration across the Value Chain. Key Stakeholders, such as TowerCos, which provide Power and shared Infrastructure, as well as those providing essential Backhaul Services, whether by Fibre, Microwave or even Satellite, connecting Base Stations to the Core Networks of MNOs, all play crucial roles in ensuring high-quality Telecom Services.

In recognition of this, the Commission has revised its Guidelines to include Provisions that hold each Player in the Value Chain accountable for quality Service.

While the Commission remains committed to these goals, the industry also faces challenges such as vandalism and theft of telecom assets, which frustrate operators’ efforts to deliver quality Telecom Services. In July, through NCC’s Advocacy and Collaboration with Key Stakeholders, President Bola Ahmed Tinubu signed a Presidential Order designating Telecom Infrastructure as Critical National Information Infrastructure. This Executive Order strengthens our ability to address Issues of vandalism, tampering, and unauthorized access to Telecom Infrastructure.

We cannot also ignore the effect of current Macroeconomic challenges and the rising Cost of Business in the Country which is impacting the ability of Operators to make the necessary Investments in the Sector.

The Commission is mindful of this and is actively working with other Arms of Government and Stakeholders to address these Issues and ensure the Industry’s Sustainability.

In closing, I want to reaffirm the Commission’s commitment to transparency and accountability within the Sector. The Commission is finalising our Major Incident Reporting Guidelines, which will require Operators to inform Consumers of Major Incidents impacting their Networks, with these Reports also accessible on our Website.

Consumers can also soon expect Coverage Maps detailing Operators’ Network Strength across the Country. These Maps will indicate Coverage Gaps, Service Quality, and Signal Strength, allowing Consumers to make more Informed Choices when selecting an Operator.

Conclusion

As we deliberate at this Parliament on ways to optimise the Data Experience for Telecom Consumers, let us remember that our goal is to create a truly Consumer-Centric Telecom Industry, in which Consumers feel valued, informed, empowered, and satisfied with the Services they receive. As Speaker of this Parliament, I want to affirm that this Occasion is a Platform for open and honest Dialogue—a Space where Consumers can speak and be heard. Our Conversations here will be integral to ensuring that our Consumers receive optimal Quality of Experience from the Industry. With sustained commitment, we can build an Ecosystem where every Nigerian enjoys the benefits of World-Class Telecommunications Services.

Credit NCC PR

Protocols
I am pleased to welcome you to the 2024 edition of our Annual Workshop for Judges on Legal and Regulatory Issues in the Communications Industry, organised by the Nigerian Communications Commission (NCC) in collaboration with the National Judicial Institute (NJI).

This year’s Theme, “The Role of the judiciary in accelerating Digital Transformation in Nigeria” is especially fitting, given the urgency of scaling up Digital Transformation across Nigeria, as well as the importance placed by the Government on improving coordination and synergy among key Stakeholders to achieve more beneficial outcomes on its Policies.

I am delighted by this opportunity to forge deeper Partnership and Understanding between the NCC and the Judiciary, with the goal of advancing Nigeria’s Digital Transformation.

Over the course of this Workshop, Subject Matter Experts will provide valuable insights to further support the Judiciary in fulfilling its vital role within our Democratic Framework, especially as it relates to the evolving Landscape of Digital Technologies and Communication Practices.

For my Opening Remarks, I would like to set the stage by speaking on the Role the Commission is playing in the Digital transformation of Nigeria by providing the backbone of our Connectivity, while emphasising our commitment to building enduring Partnerships across Government, including – and especially with – the Judiciary.

Our Mandate at the Nigerian Communications Commission, as enshrined in the National Communications Act 2003, is a wide-ranging one that includes the establishment and oversight of a Regulatory Framework for the Nigerian Communications Industry, as well as the promotion of efficient, reliable, affordable and easily accessible Communications Services across the Country.

This Mandate means that we play an integral role in Nigeria’s transition to a truly Digital Economy. An important aspect of this role involves facilitating the deployment and safeguarding of Telecommunication Infrastructure – which is essentially the backbone upon which Digital Services are delivered across various Sectors of the Economy.

You will agree with me that we cannot guarantee a truly Digital Economy without being able to adequately protect this Telecommunication Infrastructure that underpins the Digital Economy. I am aware, as you all are, of the extent to which the Judiciary today depends on Digital Tools and Technologies to carry out its Functions.

Much of the work that you do as Judges has been transformed over time by the Introduction of Technology, commendably improving the pace and quality of the Delivery of Justice in Nigeria. So, clearly, no Sector of National Life is left out of the Digital Transformation Conversation. It impacts all of us. Increasingly over the years, Telecommunication Infrastructure has suffered from disruptions due to extensive damage from vandalism and theft, fiber cuts by Construction Companies to mention a few, and even restricted access that prevents Operators from servicing critical Infrastructure.

The Industry has long called for Special Protections to be accorded to these Assets to ensure continuous connectivity and reliable Communication Services. Drawing from the Powers granted under the Cybercrimes Act of 2024 to designate what may be characterised as Critical National Information Infrastructure, President Bola Tinubu, in July 2024, signed a Presidential Order that designates all Telecommunications Infrastructure as Critical National Information Infrastructure.

This pivotal advancement for our Industry was achieved through the NCC’s proactive Advocacy and Strategic Collaboration with Key Stakeholders, including the Office of the National Security Adviser (ONSA) and the Federal Ministry of Communications and Digital Economy.

With this Presidential Order, Nigeria now has a comprehensive Policy Framework to protect vital Telecommunication Assets—from Base Stations and Data Centers to Fiber Optic Cables. This Framework strengthens our ability to decisively confront Issues such as Vandalism, Illegal tampering, and preventing access to Communications Infrastructure, holding Violators accountable to deter future offenses.

Under this Order, Individuals, Organisations, or even Government Agencies are prohibited from stealing, removing, or damaging Telecommunications Infrastructure without a lawful Court Order. We anticipate that the Courts may occasionally receive requests for Orders to grant exceptions to the Protections afforded to these Critical National Information Infrastructures. During this Workshop, we aim to provide insights that will support
Judicial discretion in evaluating such requests.

The Office of the National Security Adviser, which plays a central role in coordinating the Operationalisation of the Presidential Order, has already begun Stakeholder Consultations and Meetings to facilitate immediate implementation. It is likely that, in the near future, Vandals, Thieves, and others who breach this Order’s Provisions will be brought before your Courts. We trust that with a deeper understanding of the harm and disruption caused by such actions, the Judiciary will impose appropriate sanctions to serve as strong deterrents against criminal activity.

This Workshop will serve as a platform for the Commission to share insights into the Workings of the Critical National Information Infrastructure Presidential Order, its significance, and the crucial role of the Judiciary in bringing the Order’s Provisions to life, ultimately supporting the accelerated Digital Transformation that will drive our Nation forward.

Your Lordships, distinguished Guests, Ladies and Gentlemen, ensuring and regulating Nigeria’s Digital Transformation is not a task that the NCC can fulfil alone. It involves Strategic Collaboration with Key Partners, and the Judiciary remains one of our most important Stakeholders in this regard.  A functional Digital Economy is built on Investor and Consumer Confidence, which are impossible in the absence of the Rule of Law – a critical element that is supplied by the Judiciary.

As the Digital Landscape continues to evolve at an unprecedented pace, the Judiciary stands as a vital Pillar in shaping a present and a future where Technology serves Humanity. The Judiciary is not simply a bystander observing the Digital Revolution; instead, it is an Active Participant, playing a continuous role in shaping the Legal Frameworks that govern this new Technological Era.

The Judiciary's ability to adapt and evolve alongside Technological Advancements is paramount to ensuring that the benefits of Digital Transformation are accessible to all, while mitigating potential risks. As the Digital Age Advances, Judicial Officers must constantly adapt to ensure that the Rule of Law is as effective and enforceable in the Online Realm as it is in the World of Brick and Mortar. One key challenge lies in adapting existing Legal Principles to the complexities of emerging and evolving Technologies.

Nigerians are eager to see a new chapter of Digital Justice, where the roles played by the Judiciary are effectively translated and adapted into Online Contexts, as follows:
• Protecting Fundamental Rights: The Responsibility of the Judiciary to act as a Guardian of Individual Rights in the Digital Sphere, safeguarding Privacy, Freedom of Expression, and Access to Information, while also ensuring a balance between these Rights and the need for Security and Order.
• Enforcing Digital Contracts and resolving Disputes: The Responsibility of the Judiciary to provide a Mechanism for enforcing Online Agreements and resolving Disputes arising from e-Commerce, Intellectual Property, and other Digital Transactions, fostering trust and predictability in the Digital Economy.
• Developing Digital Jurisprudence: The responsibility of the Judiciary to continually interpret and apply existing Laws to new Digital Contexts, creating a body of Digital Jurisprudence that provides clarity and guidance for Individuals, Businesses, and Governments operating in the Digital Space.
• Promoting innovation: The Responsibility of the Judiciary to foster Innovation by providing a Stable Legal Framework that encourages Investment and Development in Emerging Technologies.

On that note, let me express my strong optimism that this Workshop will enrich the development of Communications Law in Nigeria, and produce outcomes that will be of immense benefit to all Stakeholders.
Permit me to briefly take a moment to express our profound gratitude to the National Judicial Institute (NJI), our Valued Collaborators in delivering this Workshop, as well as our Host. Thank you for ensuring a most conducive atmosphere for your Lordships to brainstorm, exchange learning and insights, and enhance Professionalism.

Your Lordships, we look forward to hearing and learning from you, from your Wealth of Knowledge and Experience. I assure you that every view expressed here will be respected and valued.

Distinguished Guests, Participants, Members of the Press, Ladies and Gentlemen, I thank you all for your time, and wish you productive deliberations.

Credit NCC PR 

I recently visited Ikeja Golf Club and saw just how much this place means to the Community. Now, the Lagos State Government plans to close it after nearby Residents raised concerns about stray Golf Balls.

While these worries are understandable, closing the Club might create bigger problems than it solves. Let’s dig into why this Club matters and how we can address safety concerns without shutting it down.

Why Ikeja Golf Club Is More than Just Golf?

Since it was founded in 1968, Ikeja Golf Club has been a vital part of the Community. Here’s why:

A Slice of Nature in the City

Imagine a busy City with less greenery and fewer trees – it wouldn’t feel the same. Golf Courses provide much-needed green space, helping improve Air quality and providing a Home for Local Plants and Animals. Ikeja Golf Club serves as a Natural Oasis in a City that needs it.

Economic Boost

The Club brings in Visitors who shop at Local Stores, eat at nearby Restaurants, and stay in Local Hotels. This means Jobs and more Income for the Area. Closing the Club would not only have a negative impact on Golfers but also on Local Businesses and People who rely on the Club’s activity for Income.

Community Hub 

Beyond Golf, the Club is a place for People to gather, meet Friends, and celebrate Events. It’s one of the few Spots where the Community truly comes together. Shutting it down would mean losing this place for People to connect, which is hard to replace.

What about the Residents’ Concerns?

Living near a Golf Course comes with the occasional risk of Stray Balls. In fact, the "assumption of risk" doctrine suggests that People often understand the risks of living near Recreational Spaces. But that doesn’t mean we should ignore their concerns. Instead of closing the Club, let’s explore practical solutions:

Communication and Safety Meetings

Organise regular Meetings with Residents, Club Members, and Officials. This can help bring up Issues and brainstorm Ideas that work for everyone. Open communication is key!

Adding Protective Measures 

Solutions like installing Protective Netting around certain holes, planting trees to create Natural Barriers, or even re-routing specific holes can prevent Stray Balls from reaching nearby Homes.

Lessons from other Cities 

Cities Worldwide have faced similar challenges and figured out ways to keep Golf Courses open while addressing safety concerns. For instance:

San Diego, California: When Residents were concerned about a Golf Course being turned into Housing Estate, the City listened and decided to keep it open for Public enjoyment, preserving Green Space.

Melbourne, Australia: Melbourne’s City Officials worked with Golf Clubs to maintain Green Spaces while ensuring safety for everyone. This showed that it’s possible to grow the City while keeping Recreational Areas accessible and safe.

Moving Forward Together

To keep Ikeja Golf Club open while keeping Residents safe, here are some key steps:

Hold Community Meetings where Residents, Golfers, and Officials can discuss concerns and work out solutions.

Add Safety Measures like Netting, Landscaping, and re-routing Holes where needed.

Highlight the Club’s Community Benefits to show how it supports Local Jobs, Businesses, and even Public Health.

Closing Ikeja Golf Club might seem like a quick solution, but it could end up doing more harm than good. By working together, the Lagos Government, Residents, and the Club could find solutions that protect People while keeping this Valuable Community Space open for everyone. After all, a strong Community finds ways to solve problems without losing what makes it special. 

The recent decision by President Bola Tinubu Administration to raise Fuel Prices isn’t just another Policy tweak—it’s a risky move that could push an already Struggling Nation further toward chaos. With Inflation soaring and Jobs dwindling, this Fuel Price increase may fuel Insecurity and speed up Brain Drain, leaving Nigeria in an even more fragile state.

Sunday Akin Dare, appointed as the Special Adviser on Public Communication and Orientation by President Bola Ahmed Tinubu, GCFR, on October 23, 2024, served as the Nigerian Minister of Youth and Sports from 2019 to 2023.

He previously held the Position of Executive Commissioner, Stakeholder Management at the Nigerian Communications Commission (NCC) between 2016 and 2019, where he managed the NCC's Interactions with Public and Private Sector Stakeholders.

He was the Chief of Staff/Special Adviser on Media to President Tinubu when he was the Leader of the APC. 

In 2009, Dare was appointed Senior Special Assistant (Media) to the Minister of Information and Communications. In this Role, he managed Media-Related Decisions, Public Information Dissemination, and Media Policies under the Ministry's Jurisdiction.

Between 2001 and 2009, Dare served as Chief of the Hausa Service, African Division at Voice of America (VOA) in Washington, DC, where he managed various Portfolios, including the Daily Production of Radio and Online Broadcast Programmes.

He also led a Team of International Journalists based in Washington, DC, and Correspondents in West Africa for Voice of America.

He was a Correspondent for The Nation Magazine in New York and as a Production Editor for the European-backed Fourth Estate Magazine during Nigeria's Military Interregnum. He was also part of the Founding Team of Nigerian Weekly Magazines, The News and Tempo.

Academic records

• London School of Economics, LSE Strategic Communications. 
• Oxford University, UK Academic Research Fellow. 
• Harvard University Cambridge, Boston Massachusetts, USA Journalism and New Media Studies Nieman Journalism Fellowship 
• New York University Freedom Forum Fellow Visiting Scholar, School of Journalism 
• University of Jos Masters in International Law and Diplomacy 
• Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria, Kaduna, Nigeria Bachelor of Science (B.Sc) Degree in International Studies 
• Member, Nigerian Institute of Public Relations. NIPR. (BEEC) 
• Oyo States College of Arts and Science, (OSCARS) Ile-Ife. Nigeria. Advanced Level Studies in Fields of Government, Economics and Geography 
• Baptist High School, Jos, Nigeria West African Examination Council (WAEC) 

Books and Publications

Making a Killing-The Business of War

Public Integrity Books, Washington DC (March 2003)

(In 2003 Won the Sigma Delta Chi Online Research Award of the Society For Professional Journalists, SPJ)

Guerrilla Journalism: Dispatches from the Underground.

Xilibris Corporation, USA. (March 2007)

We Are All Journalists- Africa in the Age Of Social Media.

(Oxford University approved academic research) 2011

Datelines - A Journalist’s Narrative

May, 2016

Awards

• 2010, Selected As One of The 50 Leading Nigerians in North America -in Commemoration of Nigeria’s 50th Anniversary
• 2000, Committee to Protect Journalists, CPJ, New York-Special Citation for Courage
• 2009-Awarded Voice of America Meritorious Honor Award in recognition of skilful leadership, outstanding performance, and contribution in accomplishing the VOA mission by making the Hausa program one of the most impactful broadcasts in the target area.
• In 2004, awarded VOA Silver Medal in “recognition of extraordinary contributions towards the accomplishment of the mission and goal of the agency.”
• In 2003, awarded VOA Quality Step Increase in “recognition of sustained high quality performance of official duties.”
• In 1996, awarded the “Best Correspondent Award” for coverage of Political developments under Nigeria’s brutal military dictatorships.
• Member of the International Committee to Protect Journalists Citation in 2000 in New York City.

Africa is facing a growing challenge of managing its Waste and Natural Resources in a sustainable way. The current traditional Linear Economic Model, characterised by a take, make, dispose pattern that is extracting, consuming, and disposing of Materials, is inefficient, wasteful, and harmful to the Environment and Human Health.

According to the World Bank, Africa generated 174 million tonnes of Waste in 2016, and this is expected to increase to 516 million tonnes by 2050. Only 4% of this Waste is recycled, compared to 44% in Europe and 35% in China.

A Circular Economy, which aims to keep Materials in use for as long as possible and minimise Waste and Pollution, could offer a viable alternative that would enhance Africa’s Social, Economic, and Environmental Well-Being.

The Ellen MacArthur Foundation estimates that a Circular Economy could generate $1.8trn of Value for Africa by 2030, creating 4.5 million new Jobs and reducing Greenhouse Gas Emissions by 25%.

However, despite the potential benefits of a Circular Economy, many challenges and barriers hinder its implementation in Africa. One of the major problems is the lack of adequate Infrastructure and Regulation for Waste Management and Recycling.

Most African countries lack Formal Systems for collecting, sorting, and processing Waste, resulting in large amounts of Waste being dumped or burned, posing serious Health and Environmental Risks.

According to the Global Waste Management Outlook, only 19% of Africa’s Urban Population has access to Controlled Waste Disposal Services, and only 4% of the Waste is treated to reduce its Environmental impact. Moreover, there is a lack of clear Policies and Incentives to support Circular Practices, such as Extended Producer Responsibility, Eco-labeling, and Green Procurement.

Without a supportive Regulatory Framework, Companies and Consumers have little motivation to adopt Circular behaviors and preferences. For instance, only 12 African Countries have implemented bans or levies on Single-Use Plastic Bags, which are a major source of Plastic Pollution.

Another problem is the limited awareness and knowledge of the Circular Economy Concept and its benefits among Stakeholders. Many Businesses, Consumers, and Policymakers are unaware of the opportunities and advantages of shifting to a Circular Model, such as Cost Savings, Resource Efficiency, Innovation, and Competitiveness.

A Survey by the African Circular Economy Network found that only 58% of African Businesses are familiar with the Circular Economy, and only 24% have implemented Circular Practices in their Operations. Similarly, a Study by the African Development Bank revealed that only 35% of African Consumers are willing to pay more for Products that are Environmentally Friendly or have a longer Lifespan. Additionally, there is a lack of Capacity and Skills to implement Circular Solutions, such as Eco-Design, Repair, Remanufacturing, and Recycling. These require Technical Expertise, Financial Resources, and Access to Markets that are often lacking in the African Context. Therefore, there is a need for more Education, Training, and Awareness-Raising Initiatives to foster a Culture of Circularity and Sustainability in Africa.

Nigeria is one of the most Populous and Fastest-Growing Countries in Africa, with a Population of over 200 million and a GDP Growth Rate of 2.3% in 2019. However, it is also one of the most Wasteful and Polluting Countries, generating about 32 million tonnes of Solid Waste Annually, of which only 20% is collected and 10% is recycled.

The rest is either dumped in open Landfills, burned, or littered in the Streets, Waterways, and Oceans. This poses serious threats to the Environment, Public Health, and the Economy, as Waste Management Costs account for 20-30% of Municipal Budgets.

Moreover, Nigeria is highly dependent on the import of Raw Materials and Finished Products, which exposes it to Price Volatility, Foreign Exchange Fluctuations, and Trade Restrictions. A Circular Economy could offer a solution to these challenges, by reducing Waste Generation, increasing Resource Efficiency, and creating Value from Waste.

In Lagos, the Government has taken to support the Circular Economy through the Launch of the Blue Box Programme, an Initiative to improve Waste Collection and Sorting at the Household Level, by providing Blue Boxes to Residents for separating Recyclable Materials, such as Paper, Plastic, Metal, and Glass, from other Waste.

The programme also involves the establishment of Sorting Hubs, where the Recyclable Materials are further sorted and processed, and the Engagement of Waste Aggregators and Recyclers, who buy and transport the Recyclables to Recycling Plants. The programme aims to increase the Recycling Rate in Lagos from 10% to 50%, create 500,000 Direct and Indirect Jobs, and reduce the Environmental and Health impacts of Waste Mismanagement.

Besides Lagos, other States in Nigeria have also implemented or planned to implement similar Programmes to promote the Circular Economy. For example, Ogun State has partnered a Private Company to set up a Waste-to-Wealth Project, which converts Organic Waste into Biogas and Organic Fertiliser. Kaduna State has launched a Waste Management and Recycling Scheme, which provides Waste Collection Bins and Vehicles, and trains Youth and Women on Waste Sorting and Recycling. Delta State has initiated a Plastic Waste Management Project, which aims to collect and recycle Plastic Waste into useful Products, such as Furniture, Tiles, and Roofing Sheets. These programmes not only help to reduce Waste Generation and Disposal, but also create Income and Employment Opportunities for the Local Communities.

The National Environmental Standards and Regulations Enforcement Agency(NESREA), has issued Guidelines and Standards for the Management of various types of Waste, such as Electronic Waste, Hazardous Waste, and Medical Waste. The Agency has also enforced the Extended Producer Responsibility (EPR) Policy, which requires Producers and Importers of certain Products, such as Batteries, Tyres, and Plastic Bottles, to take responsibility for the Collection and Recycling of their End-of-Life Products.

Furthermore, the Government has introduced Incentives and Subsidies for Waste Management and Recycling Activities, such as Tax Waivers, Low-Interest Loans, and Grants. These Measures aim to create a Conducive Environment for the Growth and Development of the Circular Economy in Nigeria.

In addition, the Government has supported the Circular Economy in Nigeria by raising Awareness and Education among the Public and the Private Sector. The Government has organised Campaigns and Events, such as the World Environment Day, the Clean Nigeria Day, and the National Recycling Day, to sensitise the People on the Benefits and Practices of the Circular Economy. The Government has also collaborated with various Stakeholders, such as Civil Society Organisations, Academic Institutions, and Industry Associations, to provide Training and Capacity Building on Waste Management and Recycling.

Moreover, the Government has encouraged Innovation and Research on the Circular Economy, by supporting the Development and Adoption of new Technologies and Solutions, such as Biodegradable Packaging, Waste-to-Energy Systems, and Circular Design. These efforts aim to foster a Culture of Environmental Responsibility and Sustainability among the Nigerian Society.

Access Bank is one of the leading Financial Institutions in Africa, with a Vision to become the World’s most respected African Bank. As part of its Sustainability Strategy, Access Bank is committed to supporting the transition to a Circular Economy, by providing Financing, Advisory, and Capacity-Building Services to Circular Businesses and Initiatives.

Some of the Actions that Access Bank is taking to support the Circular Economy include: Access Bank contributes to the Development of a Circular Economy Policy and Framework for Nigeria, as a Member of the Nigerian Circular Economy Working Group (NCEWG), which will guide the Nation’s Operations and Investments in the Circular Economy. The Policy and Framework developed will outline the Objectives, Principles, Criteria, and Indicators for supporting Circular Businesses and Initiatives, as well as the Internal Circular Practices, such as Paperless Banking, Green Procurement, and Waste Management, that Nigeria will adopt. The Policy and Framework will also align with the National and International Standards and Regulations on the Circular Economy, such as the IFC’s Performance Standards and the UN Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs).

Access Bank through the ACT Foundation supported the Lagos Business School (LBS) in the development of the Leadership Programme for Sustainable Waste Management (LPSWM) in 2019, an Initiative to drive Nigeria ‘s transition to Circular Economy and create Sustainable Communities by bringing Participants who work in the Waste Management Sector or run the their own Waste Focused Initiatives and Social Enterprises.

The Programme which is a Leadership and Enterprise Capacity Building Platform for Youth Empowerment in mitigating the Environmental and Health Implications of improper Waste Management; improve the Operational and Financial Viability of Waste Management Businesses.

Over the years of its existence, the Programme has delivered the needed Information and Tools to structure and effectively run a viable Enterprise, execute Initiatives, Projects and formulate better Policies.

Access Holdings in partnership with HACEY launched the Zero Carbon Africa Impact Programme, a Project that aims to guide and empower Africa’s Youth to harness Climate Action as both a catalyst for Sustainable Business and an Instrument for Environmental Preservation.

The Programme has multifaceted Objectives to nurture Climate Action Leaders and foster Climate-Resilient Communities. The Programme is empowering more than 700 Emerging Leaders with comprehensive Knowledge of Climate Action while strengthening the Capacities of Youth Networks across 6 Sub-Saharan Countries (Nigeria, South Africa, Kenya, Ghana, Rwanda and Zambia) to monitor net-zero plans, implementation, and steadfastly contribute to National and Regional net-zero Targets.

Through a 12-Week Immersive Journey, the Programme continues to impart Knowledge, transfer Skills, and ignite a lasting commitment to a Sustainable and Green Africa. The Programme’s cornerstone, the Capacity Building Masterclass, delves into the nuances of Climate Change and its Interplay with Sectors such as Human Rights, Urban Planning, Global Public Health, Sustainable Investing, and more. This Knowledge Repository serves as a bedrock for Informed Decision-Making, driving the implementation of impactful Climate Interventions across Communities.

At the time of this Report, the Programme in its Fifth Week has completed four high-yield Courses relating to Climate Science, Global Energy, Sustainable Investing and Climate Change Mitigation. The Zero Carbon Africa Impact Program in sum envisions a future led by empowered high quality Young Leaders, thriving Green and Blue Economies. With a projected outcome of over 700 exceptional Young Leaders, 35,000 Community Advocates, and 28 impactful Climate Action Projects, the Programme cements its Role as a Catalyst for transformation, heralding a new Era of Sustainable Prosperity for Africa.

Credit Access Bank PR

Vice-President Kashim Shettima has emphasised the importance of Marital and Family Values in building a strong Nation.

He spoke at the Wedding of Victor Egbetokun, Son of Inspector-General of Police, Kayode Egbetokun, in Lagos.

Shettima urged Parents and couples to exercise patience and love in their Families, which would reflect positively on the larger Nigerian Society.

He identified key elements for a successful Union, including Communication, Patience, Tolerance, Perseverance, and Love.

Shettima acknowledged the challenges of letting go of Children as they come of Age, but celebrated the Beauty of Marriage, noting that it was not always smooth sailing.

The Vice-President praised the IGP’s Character, citing his ability to wield Power with Integrity.

He also congratulated the Newlyweds on behalf of President Bola Tinubu, wishing them a happy Marriage.

Similarly, Shettima, as a Special Guest at the Wedding of Keziah Kefas, daughter of Governor Agbu Kefas of Taraba State, in Jalingo, reflected on the bittersweet nature of Parenthood. 

Credit NAN: Texts excluding Headline

Justice Kudirat Motonmori Olatokunbo Kekere-Ekun is a serving Justice of the Supreme Court of Nigeria. She is the 5th and youngest female to be appointed as a Justice of the Supreme Court of Nigeria. This Article examines her early Life, Education, and notable Achievements.

Justice Kekere-Ekun was born in London, the United Kingdom on 7th May 1958. Her Parents were both Indigenes of Lagos State, Nigeria. She is the eldest of eleven Siblings from both Parents. Her Father, Senator H.A.B. Fasinro, OFR, LL.D, was a fervent Muslim and a very dedicated Family Man of Noble Lineage. He belonged to at least three Royal Families in Lagos. He was a Legal Practitioner and very active in Politics. Throughout his Career, he worked for many years as a Crown Counsel in the old Western Region of Nigeria. He also became the Town Clerk of Lagos City Council (similar to being the Mayor of Lagos). In 1975, at the age of 56 years, he retired voluntarily from the Civil Service. He subsequently became a Senator of the Federal Republic of Nigeria in 1983. His Tenure was however brought to an abrupt end with the overthrow of the Shehu Shagari-led Civilian Government in a Military Coup in December 1983. He was also an Author. He died at the age of 99 on 31st March 2019.

Her mother, Winifred Layiwola Ogundimu (née Savage), is a devout Christian. She studied Nursing in the UK, where she qualified as a Public Health Nurse before returning to Nigeria in December 1965. Upon her return to Nigeria, she built her career in the Civil Service of Lagos State and retired years later, at the age of 60. She is currently the Head of a large and prominent Lagos Family, the Savage Family.

Senator H.A.B. Fasinro and Winifred Layiwola Ogundimu both remarried when K.M.O. Kekere-Ekun was still young. K.M.O. Kekere-Ekun grew up in a Polygamous Home with her Father, Stepmothers, Siblings, and other Relations. One of her Stepmothers, who greatly influenced her Life, was a Teacher. She was brought up in an extremely strict and disciplined Environment at Home, where she was taught lasting Values such as hard work, integrity, contentment, and the ability to get on with People and cope with situations. It was always a full House with Extended Family and other School Children spending their Holidays, to earn extra Tutoring and a Disciplined Upbringing.

K.M.O. Kekere-Ekun was privileged with quality Education. She attended Private Primary Schools before proceeding in 1970 to Queen’s College, Lagos, which was one of the best Federal Government College for Girls in the Country at the time. She studied Law at the University of Lagos, Nigeria, from 1977 to 1980 and obtained her LL.B in 1980. Following this, she attended the Nigerian Law School from 1980 to 1981 and was called to the Nigerian Bar in July 1981. From 1981 to 1982, she was engaged in the compulsory National Youth Service at the Ministry of Justice, Benin City, Bendel State (now Edo State). Afterwards, she proceeded to the London School of Economics and Political Science (LSE) where she obtained a Master’s Degree in Law in 1983.

After qualifying as a Lawyer and obtaining a Master’s Degree in Law from the London School of Economics and Political Science (LSE), she worked in Private Law Practice for a few years. As a result of the toll of the demands of Private Practice on her Domestic Responsibilities, she decided to join the Bench to be able to enjoy more predictable Work Hours. She applied and was appointed by the Lagos State Judiciary as a Senior Magistrate Grade II in December 1989. This marked the beginning of her Career on the Bench. She was subsequently appointed a Judge of the High Court of Lagos State on 19th July 1996. In September 2004, she was elevated to the Court of Appeal. As a Justice of the Court of Appeal, she served in five different Divisions across the Country. She was the pioneer Presiding Justice of the Makurdi Division of the Court of Appeal and also served as the Presiding Justice of the Akure Division of the Court of Appeal before her elevation to the Supreme Court on 8th July 2013. She is currently a Member of the Supreme Court Rules Committee and Chairman of the Supervisory Committee of the Litigation Department of the Court.

K.M.O. Kekere-Ekun served as Chairman of the Robbery and Firearms Tribunal, Zone II, Ikeja, Lagos, from November 1996 till May 1999, when the Tribunals were abolished. The Constitution of the Tribunal includes one Police Officer and one Military Officer. In the Process, the Police Officer gained significant insight into the requirements for conducting effective Criminal Investigations and Prosecutions. He was subsequently posted to the Police College (where Recruits are trained) as a Lecturer and was able to share a lot of what he had learned from his participation in the Tribunal Hearings. In recognition of her reputation for integrity and hard work, she was one of three Judges of the Lagos State High Court first selected to try Offences relating to Financial Crimes and Money Laundering under the Economic and Financial Crimes Commission Establishment Act, 2004 and the Corrupt Practices and Other Related Offences Act, 2000.

In 2003, K.M.O. Kekere-Ekun served as a Member of the Ethics Curriculum Planning Committee of the National Center for State Courts (NCSC), in collaboration with the Department for International Development (DFID) and UNODC. This Committee produced the Code of Conduct for Judicial Employees. She also chaired the Public Complaints and Training Committee that was part of the UNODC Pilot Project on strengthening Judicial Integrity and Capacity in Lagos State. This was from February 2003 till July 2004. The Public Complaints Committee investigated Complaints against Magistrates on the Performance of their Official Duties and became pivotal for the Reform of the Justice Delivery System in the Magistrate Courts. Moreover, she served as a Supervisory Judge in charge of the Apapa Magisterial District in Lagos State from October 2002 till July 2004. She also served as a Member of the Committee that drafted the High Court of Lagos State (Civil Procedure) Rules 2004 from April 2002 till December 2002. The new Civil Procedure Rules introduced Innovations in Case Management such as the Front-Loading Concept, Pre-Trial Conference, and the Application of ADR Mechanisms for the speedy dispensation of Justice. The Innovations have also been adopted by most States of the Federation and have proved particularly helpful in the speedy dispensation of Electoral Disputes.

From December 2001 till December 2004, she served as a Member of the Steering Committee of the Lagos State Multi-Door Court House, the first Court-connected Alternative Dispute Resolution Centre in Africa. At the Court of Appeal, she served on the Information Technology Committee, which was to facilitate the computerisation of the Court. Justice K.M.O. Kekere-Ekun is a Recipient of Prestigious Awards. She was a Recipient of the Merit Awards of the Lagos State Judiciary, in December 2003 and in September 2013. Again, she was twice awarded the Distinguished Trailblasers Awards by the Nigerian Bar Association Women Forum (August 2012 and 2014). She belongs to several Professional Associations and Groups, including the National Association of Women Judges; International Association of Women Judges; Body of Benchers – Life Bencher W.E.F. 8th February 2018; Nigerian Institute of Advanced Legal Studies (Fellow); and International Dispute Resolution Institute (Fellow). She is also a Member of the Ikoyi Club 1938.

Justice K.M.O. Kekere-Ekun has been married to Akin Kekere-Ekun, OFR, since December 1983. His Work Ethic and Integrity have been a great motivating factor for her. Their Union is blessed with three Children who are all Graduates and excelling in their chosen Fields. K.M.O. Kekere-Ekun is passionate about self-examination, being the change that one wants to see in the World and setting your Standards early, starting every endeavour in the same manner as one means to carry on. These have been her Guiding Principles in her Personal and Professional Life.

Credit PRM Africa

Fuel Queues have resurfaced in Lagos as many Filling Stations ran out of Stock, leading to closures and long lines at the few Stations still dispensing Fuel.

Checks in Lagos revealed that most Filling Stations along Ikorodu Road were not selling.

However, the Nigerian National Petroleum Company Limited (NNPCL) and NIPCO at Fadeyi Bus-Stop on same Road had long Queues.

In other Areas like Bank Anthony, only Total, Northwest, and NNPCL Stations were open, each with long Queues, while the Mobil Station at Salami Shaibu in Somolu Metropolis, closed due to chaotic scenes caused by Commercial Vehicles.

Illegal Fuel Hawkers were spotted along Ikorodu Road, Maryland, Gbagada, and Ogba, taking advantage of the situation.

Speaking under anonymity, some Marketers attributed the Supply difficulties to the inability of NNPC Limited to pay Importers since March.

They alleged that NNPCL, being the Sole Importer, was responsible for the scarcity.

Motorists and Commuters expressed frustration over the Fuel shortage, which has led to long Queues and a significant increase in Transport fares across Lagos.

The scarcity had caused persistent Traffic Jams around Fuel Stations on Ikorodu Road and in Ikeja, with Motorists queuing for hours to refuel at the few Stations still dispensing Fuel.

The Queues had been growing since last Wednesday amidst the issue to ease movement of Workers and Residents in Lagos.

Some Petrol Stations that dispensed Fuel sold it at Prices ranging from N618 to N800 per litre, depending on the Area, leading to an increase in Transport Costs.

Credit NAN: Texts excluding Headline

The Attorney General of the Federation and Minister of Justice, Lateef Fagbemi, says the Aircraft on the Presidential Fleet are Sovereign Assets used solely for Sovereign Purposes and are therefore immune from attachment by any Entity.

Fagbemi said this in a Statement issued by his Special Assistant, Media on Thursday in Abuja.

He said that this followed an Interim Attachment of three Presidential Aircraft undergoing routine maintenance in France made pursuant to Exparte Orders issued by the Judicial Court of Paris.

“The Actions by France it would be recalled was on account of alleged Debt owed it by the Nigerian Government.

“The Office of the National Security Adviser, NSA, and the Attorney General of the Federation, AGF, and Minister of Justice are currently weighing both Diplomatic and Legal Means.

“They have set in motion both Legal and Diplomatic steps to ensure the discharge of the inappropriate Orders against the Aircraft, which are covered by Sovereign Immunity.

“While further actions are being put in place to resolve the entire dispute through available Legal Means, the firm position of the Federal Government remains that the Aircraft in question are Sovereign Assets used solely for Sovereign Purposes and are therefore immune from attachment as Zhongshan has sought to do,’’.

He said the Orders were dated 7 March and 12 August, 2024 at the instance of Zhongshan Industrial Investment Company Limited, a Chinese Company seeking to enforce a Final Award granted in its favour on 26 March 2024 against Ogun State Government.

The Arbitral Award arose from an Arbitration Proceeding commenced in 2018 following a Contractual Dispute between the Chinese Company and Ogun State Government.

The Claimants say that though the Dispute originated from Engagements of Ogun State Government, the Consequential Enforcement Actions are being directed against the Federal Government and its Assets.

It claimed that this was in line with Extant Principles of International Law which holds that the Actions of a Substantial or Local Entity are attributable to the State or Country itself.

Credit NAN: Texts excluding Headline

Former Presidents Muhammadu Buhari, Goodluck Jonathan, who attended the Council of State Meeting on Tuesday physically, and other former Presidents who attended virtually, passed a Vote of Confidence in President Bola Tinubu.

Dele Alake, Minister of Solid Minerals Development, said this while briefing State House Correspondents at the end of the Council of State Meeting in Abuja.

“A lot of issues were exhaustively discussed at the Meeting, and the Governors were all in attendance as well as some Ministers who were invited to make Presentations.

“We made Presentations on our Roadmap, on what we’ve been able to achieve, the prospects and the challenges in our various Ministries. At the end, we all passed a Vote of Confidence in President Tinubu,” he said.

He said the Ministers of Solid Minerals, Finance and the Coordinating Minister of the Economy, Trade and Investment, Budget and National Budget, Agriculture, Works and Attorney General were invited to make Presentations to the Council.

He said the Individual Presentations by the Ministers were well received based on the Feedbacks received.

Alake said the Council also discussed the recent Nationwide Protest, which he said was an attempt to effect a Change of Regime by Force.

“And so the Council thanked Nigerians at large for resisting an Unconstitutional Move to change the Government. If anybody is not satisfied with any Government, there’s an Election coming. So, wait for the Election,” he said.

He said Nuhu Ribadu, the National Security Adviser, also briefed the Council on the Security Situation in the Country.

“We were assured that nobody will be allowed to truncate our hard-earned Democracy.

“Any change of Government has to be through the Ballot, and not through the Barrel of the Gun, or through Insurrection, or through any other Unconstitutional Means.

“We were reassured on the readiness of all Security Agencies in the Country to secure our Territorial Integrity and to protect Nigeria’s Democracy,” said Alake.

Governor AbdulRahman AbdulRazaq of Kwara and Chairman of the Nigeria Governors’ Forum (NGF), said one of the Outcomes of the Council of State Meeting was the Unanimous Passage of a Vote of Confidence in President Tinubu.

“Members, especially those of the Nigeria Governors’ Forum, were satisfied with the Presentation by Members of the Federal Executive Council.

“Members of the NGF also, like Members of the Council of State, passed a Vote of Confidence in Mr President,” said the Governor.

Wale Edun, Minister of Finance and Coordinating Minister of the Economy, said he gave an update on the progress of Macroeconomic Policies being implemented by the Tinubu Administration.

“These Policies are anchored on Eight Priority Areas; and the Results to date have been very encouraging.

“We looked at the Data, we reported on the Evidence of this half year, which we compared to the First Quarter and Second Quarter of 2023.

“And in broad terms, the Economy is growing. The Balance of Payments in particular, the Trade Balance and the Currency Balance are in surplus.

“The Exchange Rate is stabilising, and Inflation is not uncomfortably high. It is slowing and it is set to fall,” said Edun.

According to him, there has been support for the Economy from Foreign and Domestic Investors who are participating in important Private Public Partnerships, particularly in the Infrastructure Sector.

“So, we reported that we will ensure that the Interventions and the Measures to ameliorate the high Cost of Living for Individuals, for the Agricultural Sector, for Industry, for Small-Scale Businesses will continue to be implemented.

“On that basis, we reported an optimistic Outlook for the Nigerian Economy and the Nigerian Society in general,” said Edun. 

Credit NAN: Texts excluding Headline

By Chijioke Okoronkwo and Felicia Imohimi

The current Cost of Living Crisis vis-à-vis attendant agitations has accentuated the need to scale up Agriculture Budget.

Policy Analysts hold that the N362.9bn appropriated to the Agriculture Sector in the 2024 Budget fell short of the 2014 Malabo Declaration that African Countries should allocate at least 10 per cent of their National Budgets to the Agricultural Sector.

Stakeholders in the Agriculture Sector are taking proactive Measures to ramp up Agriculture Budget in 2025 in order to bolster Food Production.

The Stakeholders converged on Lagos recently under the Aegis of the National Stakeholders Consultative Meeting on 2025 Agriculture Budget.

They comprised State Ministries of Agriculture, Federal Ministry of Agriculture and Food Security (FMFS), Ministry of Budget and Economic Planning, ActionAid Nigeria, Oxfam, GIZ, Community of Agriculture Non-State Actors (COANSA) and ECOWAS Commission.

Underlining the thrust of the Event, Elizabeth Egharevba, Director, Economic Growth Department, Federal Ministry of Budget and Economic Planning, said the Annual event was to assist the country to achieve the Malabo Declaration.

Egharevba, represented by Olaitan Fatai, Deputy Director in the Ministry, said that the Meeting was strategic by bringing together relevant Stakeholders to contribute their inputs into the 2025 Agricultural Budget.

She identified the Forum as a milestone in the Country’s efforts at ensuring that it achieved the Malabo declaration and proffered Solutions to the Country’s Food Insecurity.

Egharevba said that the result was to reduce Food Importation, pressure on External Reserve and much needed hard earned FOREX that would be channeled to other vital Developmental Need.

“This Platform facilitates more inputs into the 2025 Agriculture Budget by creating Ownership, linking and integrating Programmes that will help Nigeria not only to achieve Food Security but lead to attain other Deliverables.

“I am confident that we are embarking on a Landmark Journey that will make us tackle Food Insecurity and enhance synergy between Agencies in the Agriculture Sector’’, she said.

Egharevba said the Forum had made significant impact in improving the Budget of Agriculture since its inception in 2016.

The Director said Agriculture Budget had risen to six per cent as against 1.3 per cent in 2016.

“The Appropriation to Agriculture at Federal Level had been increasing steadily although yet to achieve 10 per cent of the Total National Budget in line with the Malabo Declaration,’’ she said.

Egharevba said that Government had devoted more Resources to Agriculture in the 2025 Budget through the development of the Cassava Bio-Ethanol Value Chain Project with a PPP Arrangement.

According to her, the Project is designed to be implemented in the six Geopolitical Zones to ensure the development of the entire Cassava Value Chain.

Sharing similar opinion, Ibrahim Tanimu, Director, Planning and Policy Coordination in the Ministry, said the Sector needed diversification through Innovation and Technology to enhance Production and ensure Food and Nutrition Security.

Tanimu said the Ministry at the moment was collaborating with Ministry of Science and Technology for the Production of fabricated implement that could assist Farmers to increase Productivity.

“We need Mechanisation not heavy Machines but smaller Fabricated Machine that we can produce locally using our own Initiative.

“We are collaborating with the Ministry of Science and Technology on the Production of Smaller Implements that can assist our Farmers at affordable Price,’’ he said.

Azubike Nwokoye, Food and Agriculture Programme Manager, ActionAid Nigeria (AAN), identified the Meeting’s Objectives as to leverage understanding on the National Agricultural Technology and Innovation Policy (NATIP).

Nwokoye said the Meeting was also to leverage understanding on the National Agricultural Development Fund (NADF) and its connection to the Comprehensive Africa Agriculture Development Programme (CAADP) Targets.

“The Meeting seeks to strengthen Citizens’ Participation towards making 2025 Agriculture Budget responsive to Food Systems Transformation and Wealth Creation.

“To support effective Biennial Reporting by Nigeria to the African Union Heads of States and Government in line with the Malabo Declaration and Commitments of 2014,” he said.

Andrew Mamedu, Country Director, AAN, said such Budgets should provide Line Items for the implementation of the National Gender Policy in Agriculture that addressed specific challenges affecting Women Farmers.

Mamedu urged Governments to avoid lumping up Budget for Women Farmers and other Groups like Youths.

He said that recent survey conducted by AAN on the Capacity of Smallholder Women Farmers to contribute effectively to Agricultural Development revealed that they were challenged with poor access to Credit and Inputs.

The Country Director listed other challenges as Post-Harvest Losses, reduction support, Insecurity, lack of access to Irrigation Support, Training, Market Access, among others.

Mamedu said that the challenges contributed to the current high Cost of Food in the Country.

According to Mamedu, Smallholder Farmers contribute 70 to 80 per cent of Agricultural Production in the Country.

He regretted that challenges confronting Smallholder Farmers were not prioritised in spite of their huge contribution to National Food Security,

“The Federal and State Ministries of Agriculture should scale up Yearly Budget Lines for support to Smallholder Women and Youth Farmers; reflecting on what should be prioritised especially in 2025 Budget based on realities on ground.

“National Agricultural Growth Scheme and Agro Pocket (NAGSAP) should be well funded and executed to address the Inputs gaps experienced by Smallholder Farmers, especially Women and Youth,’’ he said.

Memedu tasked Federal and State Governments on more Investment in Agriculture to address the Strategic Areas of Investment that would increase Agriculture Gross Domestic Product (GDP) to at least six per cent.

He listed the Strategic Areas as Extension Services, Access to Credit by Women and Youth in Agriculture and Appropriate Labour-Saving Technologies Inputs.

Memedu said Post-Harvest Losses Reduction Support such as Processing and Storage Facilities, Training and Market Access, Climate Resilient Sustainable Agriculture (CRSA), Agroecology, Research and Development, Monitoring and Evaluation also needed attention.

The Stakeholders, therefore, urged both the Federal and State Governments to ensure that the 2024 Budget and subsequent Budgets were Gender Sensitive.

It is Experts` opinion that massive and expeditious Funding is required for a turnaround in the Agriculture Sector.

They say that conscious and pragmatic Budgeting and its effective implementation will go a long way in boosting Food Security.

Credit NAN/Chijioke Okoronkwo and Felicia Imohimi

The Management of Realnews Magazine and Publications Limited, Publishers of Realnews Magazine Online, has selected Africa in World Shifting Geopolitics: Matters Arising on Demography, Technology, Artificial Intelligence, National Resources as the Topic for its 12th Anniversary Lecture Series coming up on Tuesday, November 19, 2024.

A Statement issued on Monday by the Online Magazine’s Publisher and Editor-in-Chief, Maureen Chigbo, reveals.

This Year’s Lecture Series according to the Statement, will be delivered by a revered African Diplomat, Academic, and Economist with Specialisation in International Relations and Political Science, who has served National Governments and International Organisations.

Seasoned Chief Executive Officers of Blue Chip Companies and Public Institutions will also feature as Chair of the Occasion, Guest of Honour, Keynote Speaker, and Panelists at the Lecture. Their names will be announced in October.

The Event is scheduled for 10 am at its regular Venue, Lagos Sheraton Hotel, Ikeja.

Realnews, a General Interest Magazine, is an Online Publication that thrives on Investigative Journalism with expertise in reporting the Business and Economy, Oil and Gas Sector as well as its attendant Environmental challenges.

“We aim to unearth Exclusive Stories about Real People and the challenges they face in their day-to-day Activities.

“We do this bearing in mind that Government can only act to influence the Lives of People positively if they are aware of their true situation.

“Hence, our objective is to use our Investigative Skills to ferret out Information in the Sectors we focus on and produce an Unbiased Report that will influence the Government and Decision-Makers to take actions that will make Society better.

“We are Seasoned Journalists who believe strongly in the Tenets and Ethics of the Profession.

“We sincerely believe that Journalism as the Fourth Estate of the Realm can contribute its quota towards building a Fair and Just Society where Fundamental Human Rights are respected and Citizens have the freedom to pursue their Interests anywhere in the World without hindrance.

“Our Editors have a combined experience of several decades in Active Journalism Practice and are highly dedicated to serving Humanity. Hence our motto: For God and Humanity,” says the Online Publication.

“The Realnews Anniversary Lecture Series was established to commemorate the Best Minds in our Society and to tap from them to enrich the Discourse in our National Development,” it added.

The Statement also chronicles past Lecture Series of the Online Magazine and their Keynote Speakers.

The 11th Anniversary Lecture Series of Realnews was delivered by Edwin Harris Jr., Director General of the ECOWAS Inter-Governmental Action Group Against Money Laundering (GIABA) in 2023.

Buba Marwa, Chairman and Chief Executive Officer, National Drug Law Enforcement Agency (NDLEA) on Drug Abuse among Youths in Africa: Implication for Nigerian Economy and 2023 Election gave the Lecture in 2022.

In 2021, Simbi Kesiye Wabote, immediate past Executive Secretary of the Nigerian Content Development and Monitoring Board, delivered the  9th Anniversary Lecture Titled Nigeria in the Unfolding Integration of the African Market: The Oil and Gas Perspective.

Realnews 2020 8th Anniversary Lecture was delivered by Boss Mustapha, then Secretary to the Government of the Federation and Chairman of the Presidential Taskforce on COVID-19 on Managing COVID-19 Pandemic in Africa: The Nigeria Experience.

Former President John Dramani Mahama of Ghana gave the 2019 7th Lecture on Beyond Politics: An Economic Narrative for West Africa while INEC Chairman, Mahmood Yakubu spoke on Political Transitions and Africa’s Economic Development: Preparations for Nigeria’s 2019 General Elections at the 2018 6th Lecture.

The 2017 5th Anniversary Lecture on African Leadership in a Turbulent Era was delivered by Oby Ezekwesili, former Minister of Education and a past World Bank Vice President.

The 2016 4th Anniversary Lecture on Security and National Development in Plural Democratic Society was delivered by Mohammed Ibn Chambas, former United Nations Secretary General’s Special Representative to West Africa and Sahel.

In 2015, Realnews 3rd Anniversary Lecture was delivered by Chukwuma Soludo, former Governor of the Central Bank of Nigeria (CBN) and current Anambra State Governor under the Theme: It’s The Nigerian Economy Stupid?

The 2nd Anniversary Lecture on Nigerian Democracy: Getting it Right in 2014 was delivered by Maurice Iwu, former

Chairman, Independent National Electoral Commission (INEC).

Realnews PR

Seplat Energy Plc, foremost Indigenous Energy Company, has reassured all Stakeholders of its commitment to driving and ensuring a Sustainable Business and creating increased Value for People and the Environment.

The Company also reiterated its resolve to addressing the dual challenges of ensuring Energy Security and meeting Climate Change Mitigation Targets.

The Director, New Energy, Seplat Energy, Okechukwu Mba, gave the assurance during a Panel Session at the Society of Petroleum Engineers (SPE) Nigerian Council’s 47th Nigeria Annual International Conference & Exhibition (NAICE) in Lagos, Themed “Energy Security: Exploring the Interplay Between Technology, Market Dynamics and Organisational Capabilities”.

Mba, who represented Roger Brown, CEO Seplat Energy Plc, at the Session, said every Molecule of Gas Seplat Energy produces is targeted at displacing Utilisable Diesel, and the Company’s new Gas Plant Developments now come with Liquefied Petroleum Gas (LPG) installations, which promote Clean Energy and discourages the use of Biomass for cooking.

“We are committed to ending routine Gas Flaring by 2025, and all Projects aimed at making this a reality are on track,” Mba assured.

In a bid to end Gas Flaring as targeted, Seplat Energy has continued to progress efforts to secure Evacuation options for Unprocessed Associated Gas from the Sapele Flow Station. Alongside this, work has continued on the construction of the Sapele Integrated Gas Plant (SIGP), which is scheduled to be completed during H2 2024. Once operational, SIGP offtake has the potential to materially reduce Group Scope 1 Emissions.

Other ongoing key Flare-Out Projects, including the Western Asset Flares Out (Installation of VRU Compressors), Sapele LPG Storage & Offloading Facility, Oben LPG Project and Ohaji Flares Out Project, are on track for completion by their respective due dates.

The Seplat New Energy Director also referenced the Company’s Tree4Life Initiative, which recently saw the NEPL/Seplat Energy Joint Venture and the Edo State Government sign an Agreement that allocates 6,000 Hectares of Land from Edo State protected Forest Reserves to enable a Large-Scale Tree Planting Initiative by Seplat Energy Plc. This is in furtherance to increase Forest Cover and Carbon Sequestration efforts within the Region and ensuring a Sustainable Environment for Living.

The efforts by Seplat Energy and other Operators to drive LPG Penetration in Nigeria also received commendations from the 2024 SPE NAICE Participants and Organisers, as the moves are expected to boost supply of LPG in Nigeria and possibly bring down Prices of the Commodity, thus promoting accessibility and Energy Security.

Also speaking to Seplat Energy’s commitment to ensuring Sustainable Business Partnerships, Mba said all efforts are being deployed to check any form of Production Deferment and Downtime by ensuring strong Partnerships with Suppliers, who are continuously supported to succeed in delivering Value to Seplat Energy and its other Stakeholders.

On the current Opportunity available to Nigeria to ensure Energy Security, he said: “For Nigeria, it is important we use what we have (which is Gas) to address the Energy Challenges we have and further boost Energy Access for our People.”

Seplat Energy PR

By Olufemi Soneye

In its Editorial of 2nd August, 2024, the BusinessDay Newspaper, characteristically, launched another scurrilous and baseless attack on the Nigerian National Petroleum Company Limited (NNPC Ltd). In the Editorial entitled: “NNPCL: Liability or Asset to Nigerians?”, the Newspaper set out to paint the picture of NNPC Limited that is a Liability to Nigeria instead of an Asset that it should be. It chronicled a litany of Issues which in its estimation have made the Company to lose its place as an Asset to the Nation. As to be expected, all the Issues it raised were either outright lies or unfair misrepresentation of facts. Let’s take a look at them one by one.

According to the Newspaper, NNPC Limited’s Status as an Asset is undercut by the opacity of its Operations and Corruption. The truth, however, is that this is a regurgitation of age-long allegations that have since been overtaken by the emergence of Mele Kyari as the Group Chief Executive Officer of the Company and the transition of the old NNPC as a Corporation into a Limited Liability Company under the Petroleum Industry Act.

One of the key thrusts of the Kyari-led Management since 2019 has been its focus on Transparency and Accountability. This was what gave rise to the Transparency, Accountability and Performance Excellence (TAPE) Management Philosophy under which the Company’s Audited Financial Statements began to be published annually since 2019. In fact, the same BusinessDay Newspaper that is so bent on hanging the tag of opacity on the Company actually honoured Kyari with its “Energy Executive of the Year” award in 2021 for turning the Fortunes of the Company around and entrenching the Culture of Transparency in the Company. But out of sheer mischief, the Newspaper has forgotten so soon and chosen to borrow some ignoble tricks from Josef Goebbel’s Playbook, that of repeating the lies of opacity and Corruption against the NNPC Limited frequently with the hope of sustaining the propaganda just so well the Public would believe the lies to be the truth.

The next point made in the Editorial is that of mismanagement of Resources and Inefficiency. In its bid to present a semblance of balance, the Newspaper acknowledged the role of Government interference in the Company. A bulk of the Legacy Problems, such as the age-long lack of maintenance of the Refineries, is traceable to Government interference. Any old Refinery Staff Member of the NNPC Limited will tell you that NNPC Engineers used to carry out the Turn-Around Maintenance of the Refineries until past Governments started dabbling in to influence Contracts for their Cronies.

However, with the PIA, all that is behind as the NNPC Limited now operates as a Limited Liability Company under the Company and Allied Matters Act (CAMA). As is presently constituted, the Company is owned by the Government through the Ministry of Finance Incorporated and the Ministry of Petroleum. But the PIA envisages that in no distant time, the Company will be listed on the Stock Exchange with Shares owned by Nigerians in their Individual Capacities. But prior to that time, the Management of the Company under Kyari has instituted a Management System encapsulated in the Performance Excellence Element of the TAPE Philosophy. Under this, the Company has made great strides in moving from a position of loss in 2019 to consistent profitability. This is in spite of the fact that the Company contends with monstrous odds in the form of Crude Oil Theft and Pipeline Vandalism.

The fact is: Companies like Saudi Aramco, with which the Newspaper tried to benchmark the NNPC Limited, do not contend with such odds that have very practical implications for Crude Oil Production. The Newspaper is only being disingenuous in blaming the Nation’s suboptimal Crude Oil Production on inefficiency in the NNPC Limited when it is common knowledge that the Security Challenges are not of the Company’s making. But even at that, the NNPC Limited has not fared badly in managing the bad situation to get the results that it has been posting in the past few years. The truth is that the current reality of the NNPC Limited, in terms of Management and Performance, does not reflect the picture of mismanagement and inefficiency that the BusinessDay tried to paint in its Editorial. The question that arises from all this, which the BusinessDay must answer, is: do Companies that have issues with mismanagement of Resources and Inefficiency make Profits as the NNPC Limited has consistently done in the past three years?

The other Issue that has stymied the NNPC Limited from being an Asset to the Nation, according to the BusinessDay, is its Monopolistic Control of the Petroleum Sector. Supporting its position, the Newspapers states: “The Corporation’s dominant position as the Sole Importer of Petrol and the Primary Issuer of Import Licenses for Diesel creates Market distortions”. This allegation, coming from a Business Newspaper like the BusinessDay, is very curious. For the Newspaper to state that NNPC Limited is the “Primary Issuer of Import Licenses for Diesel” shows how little it knows about the Oil and Gas Industry. It only means that the BusinessDay either does not know the difference between an Industry Regulator and an Operator or it just wants to take its mischief to a ridiculous level, hoping that the Public would swallow its lies hook, line, and sinker.

For the avoidance of doubt, NNPC Limited does not issue Import Licenses for Diesel or any Petroleum Product for that matter. This is because, NNPC Limited, as provided in Section 64 of the PIA, is an Operator just like any other Company that operates in the Oil and Gas Sector, and not a Regulator. The PIA makes Provision for the establishment of two Regulatory Agencies in the Sector. They are the Nigerian Midstream and Downstream Petroleum Regulatory Authority (NMDPRA) and the Nigerian Upstream Petroleum Regulatory Commission (NUPRC). The Newspaper actually acknowledged these two Regulatory Agencies in the Editorial. But how it came by the idea that the NNPC Limited issues Import Licenses to Marketers, a clear Regulatory Function, is really difficult to understand. This, however, goes to show that the Newspaper and its Editors know very little about the Subject Matter of their Editorial.

On the allegation that NNPC Limited runs a Monopoly in the Importation of Petrol, here are the facts that the BusinessDay failed to acknowledge in its Editorial. When the Downstream Sector was deregulated on 29th May, 2023, with President Bola Ahmed Tinubu’s declaration that Fuel Subsidy was gone, every Petroleum Marketer was automatically empowered to import the Product and sell at whatever Price(s) they chose. NNPC Limited only stepped in to close the gap as a Supplier of Last Resort, a role assigned to it by the Framers of the PIA to guarantee Energy Security for the Nation. NNPC Limited did not muscle any Marketer out of Petrol Importation to become a Monopoly. Besides, it does not look like the Company is making any Profit from being the Sole Importer of Petrol which is usually the major objective of Monopolists.

In fact, by playing this role of Sole Importer of Petrol at this time when others are not able to import the Product, NNPC Limited has proved to be a huge Asset to the Nation- much more of an Asset than the BusinessDay would want Nigerians and the World to believe!

Soneye, is the Chief Corporate Communications Officer, NNPC Limited.

My Fellow Nigerians,

1. I speak to you today with a heavy heart and a sense of responsibility, aware of the turmoil and violent Protests unleashed in some of our States.
2. Notably among the Protesters were young Nigerians who desired a better and more progressive Country where their Dreams, Hopes, and Personal Aspirations would be fulfilled.
3. I am especially pained by the loss of Lives in Borno, Jigawa, Kano, Kaduna and other States, the destruction of Public Facilities in some States, and the wanton looting of Supermarkets and Shops, contrary to the promise of Protest Organisers that the Protest would be peaceful across the Country. The destruction of Properties sets us back as a Nation, as scarce Resources will be again used to restore them.
4. I commiserate with the Families and Relations of those who have died in the Protests. We must stop further bloodshed, violence and destruction.
5. As President of this Country, I must ensure Public Order. In line with my Constitutional Oath to protect the Lives and Property of every Citizen, our Government will not stand idly by and allow a few with a clear Political Agenda to tear this Nation apart.
6. Under the circumstances, I hereby enjoin Protesters and the Organisers to suspend any further Protest and create room for Dialogue, which I have always acceded to at the slightest opportunity. Nigeria requires all hands on deck and needs us all – regardless of Age, Party, Tribe, Religion or other Divides, to work together in reshaping our destiny as a Nation. To those who have taken undue advantage of this situation to threaten any Section of this Country, be warned: The Law will catch up with you. There is no place for Ethnic bigotry or such threats in the Nigeria we seek to build.
7. Our Democracy progresses when the Constitutional Rights of every Nigerian are respected and protected. Our Law Enforcement Agencies should continue to ensure the full protection of Lives and Properties of Innocent Citizens in a responsible manner.
8. My Vision for our Country is one of a just and prosperous Nation where each Person may enjoy the Peace, Freedom, and Meaningful Livelihood that only Democratic Good Governance can provide – one that is open, transparent and accountable to the Nigerian People.
9. For decades, our Economy has remained anaemic and taken a dip because of many misalignments that have stunted our growth. Just over a year ago, our dear Country, Nigeria, reached a point where we couldn’t afford to continue the use of temporary solutions to solve long-term problems for the sake of Now and our Unborn Generations. I therefore took the painful yet necessary decision to remove Fuel Subsidies and abolish Multiple Foreign Exchange Systems which had constituted a noose around the Economic jugular of our Nation and impeded our Economic Development and Progress.
10. These Actions blocked the greed and the profits that Smugglers and Rent-Seekers made. They also blocked the undue Subsidies we had extended to our Neighbouring Countries to the detriment of our People, rendering our Economy prostrate. These decisions I made were necessary if we must reverse the Decades of Economic mismanagement that didn’t serve us well. Yes, I agree, the buck stops on my Table. But I can assure you that I am focused fully on delivering the Governance to the People – Good Governance for that matter.
11. In the past 14 months, our Government has made significant strides in rebuilding the Foundation of our Economy to carry us into a future of plenty and abundance. On the Fiscal side, Aggregate Government Revenues have more than doubled, hitting over 9.1 trillion Naira in the First Half of 2024 compared to the First Half of 2023 due to our efforts at blocking Leakages, introducing Automation, and mobilising Funding creatively without additional burden on the People. Productivity is gradually increasing in the Non-Oil Sector, reaching new levels and taking advantage of the Opportunities in the current Economic ambience
12. My dear Brothers and Sisters, we have come this far. Coming from a place where our Country spent 97% of all our Revenue on Debt Service; we have been able to reduce that to 68% in the last 13 months. We have also cleared legitimate outstanding Foreign Exchange Obligations of about $5bn without any adverse impact on our Programmes.
13. This has given us more Financial Freedom and the room to spend more money on you, our Citizens, to fund essential Social Services like Education and Healthcare. It has also led to our State, and Local Governments receiving the highest Allocations ever in our Country’s History from the Federation Account.
14. We have also embarked on Major Infrastructure Projects across the Country. We are working to complete inherited Projects critical to our Economic prosperity, including Roads, Bridges, Railways, Power, and Oil and Gas Developments. Notably, the Lagos-Calabar Coastal Highway and Sokoto-Badagry Highway Projects will open up 16 Connecting States, creating thousands of Jobs and boosting Economic Output through Trade, Tourism and Cultural Integration.
15. Our once-declining Oil and Gas Industry is experiencing a resurgence on the back of the Reforms I announced in May 2024 to address the gaps in the Petroleum Industry Act. Last month, we increased our Oil Production to 1.61million Barrels per day, and our Gas Assets are receiving the attention they deserve. Investors are coming back, and we have already seen two Foreign Direct Investments signed of over half a billion Dollars since then.
16. Fellow Nigerians, we are a Country blessed with both Oil and Gas Resources, but we met a Country that had been dependent solely on Oil-Based Petrol, neglecting its Gas Resources to power the Economy. We were also using our hard-earned Foreign Exchange to pay for, and subsidise its use. To address this, we immediately launched our Compressed Natural Gas Initiative (CNG) to power our Transportation Economy and bring Costs down. This will save over two trillion Naira a month, being used to import PMS and AGO and free up our Resources for more Investment in Healthcare and Education.
17. To this end, we will be distributing a million Kits of extremely low or no cost to Commercial Vehicles that transport People and Goods and who currently consume 80% of the Imported PMS and AGO.
18. We have started the distribution of Conversion Kits and setting up of Conversion Centres across the Country in conjunction with the Private Sector. We believe that this CNG Initiative will reduce Transportation Costs by approximately 60 per cent and help to curb Inflation.
19. Our Administration has shown its commitment to the Youth by setting up the Student Loan Scheme. To date, 45.6billion Naira has already been processed for payment to Students and their respective Institutions
20. I encourage more of our vibrant Youth Population to take advantage of this opportunity. We established the Consumer Credit Corporation with over N200bn to help Nigerians to acquire Essential Products without the need for immediate Cash Payments, making Life easier for millions of Households. This will consequently reduce Corruption and eliminate Cash and Opaque Transactions. This week, I ordered the release of an additional N50bn each for NELFUND – the Student Loan, and Credit Corporation from the Proceeds of Crime recovered by the EFCC.
21. Additionally, we have secured $620m under the Digital and Creative Enterprises (IDiCE) – a Programme to empower our Young People, creating millions of IT and Technical Jobs that will make them globally competitive. These Programmes include the 3Million Technical Talents Scheme. Unfortunately, one of the Digital Centres was vandalised during the Protests in Kano. What a shame!
22. In addition, we have introduced the Skill-Up Artisans Programme (SUPA); the Nigerian Youth Academy (NIYA); and the National Youth Talent Export Programme (NATEP).
23. Also, more than N570bn has been released to the 36 States to expand Livelihood support to their Citizens, while 600,000 Nano-Businesses have benefitted from our Nano-Grants. An additional 400,000 more Nano-Businesses are expected to benefit.
24. Furthermore, 75,000 Beneficiaries have been processed to receive our N1million Micro and Small Business Single-Digit Interest Loans,  starting this month. We have also built 10 MSME Hubs within the past year, created 240,000 Jobs through them and 5 more Hubs are in progress which will be ready by October this year.
25. Payments of N1bn each are also being made to large Manufacturers under our Single-Digit Loans to boost Manufacturing Output and stimulate Growth.
26. I signed the National Minimum Wage into Law last week, and the Lowest-Earning Workers will now earn at least N70,000 a month.
27. Six months ago in Karsana, Abuja, I inaugurated the First Phase of our ambitious Housing Initiative, the Renewed Hope City and Estate. This Project is the first of six we have planned across the Nation’s Geopolitical Zones. Each of these Cities will include a minimum of 1,000 Housing Units, with Karsana itself set to deliver 3,212 Units
28. In addition to these City Projects, we are also launching the Renewed Hope Estates in every State, each comprising 500 Housing Units. Our goal is to complete a total of 100,000 Housing Units over the next three years. This Initiative is not only about providing Homes but also about creating thousands of Jobs across the Nation as well as stimulating Economic Growth.
29. We are providing Incentives to Farmers to increase Food Production at affordable Prices. I have directed that Tariffs and other Import Duties should be removed on Rice, Wheat, Maize, Sorghum, Drugs, and other Pharmaceutical and Medical Supplies for the next 6 months, in the first instance, to help drive down the Prices.
30. I have been meeting with our Governors and key Ministers to accelerate Food Production. We have distributed Fertilisers. Our target is to cultivate more than 10 million Hectares of Land to grow what we eat. The Federal Government will provide all necessary Incentives for this Initiative, whilst the States provide the Land, which will put millions of our People to work and further increase Food Production. In the past few months, we have also ordered Mechanised Farming Equipment such as Tractors and Planters, worth billions of Naira from the United States, Belarus, and Brazil. I can confirm to you that the Equipment is on the way.
31. My dear Nigerians, especially our Youth, I have heard you loud and clear. I understand the pain and frustration that drive these Protests, and I want to assure you that our Government is committed to listening and addressing the concerns of our Citizens.
32. But we must not let violence and destruction tear our Nation apart. We must work together to build a brighter Future, where every Nigerian can live with dignity and prosperity.
33. The task before us is a collective one, and I am leading the charge as your President. A lot of Work has gone into stabilising our Economy and I must stay focused on ensuring that the benefits reach every single Nigerian as promised.
34. My Administration is working very hard to improve and expand our National Infrastructure and create more Opportunities for our Young People.
35. Let nobody misinform and miseducate you about your Country or tell you that your Government does not care about you. Although there have been many dashed hopes in the past, we are in a new Era of Renewed Hope. We are working hard for you, and the results will soon be visible and concrete for everyone to see, feel, and enjoy.
36. Let us work together to build a brighter Future for ourselves and for Generations to come. Let us choose hope over fear, unity over division, and progress over stagnation. The Economy is recovering; Please, don’t shut out its Oxygen. Now that we have been enjoying Democratic Governance for 25 years, do not let the Enemies of Democracy use you to promote an Unconstitutional Agenda that will set us back on our Democratic Journey. FORWARD EVER, BACKWARD NEVER!
37. In conclusion, Security Operatives should continue to maintain Peace, Law, and order in our Country following the necessary Conventions on Human Rights, to which Nigeria is a Signatory. The Safety and Security of all Nigerians are paramount.
38. Thank God — and Thank you for your attention, and may God continue to bless our great Nation. Thank you very much.

By Gboyega Akosile

There is no gain saying that God in His infinite wisdom does not make mistakes - I know that most of the widely accepted Religions, in the World, Islam and Christianity, hold strongly to this Belief. He does as He pleases Himself in the Affairs of Man, with absolute precision.

This can be said of those that God has chosen and used to run the Affairs of Men in the World. From the days of Prophets, Kings, Queens and Rulers up to the present day Leaders, we believe that there is a Hand of God in their individual emergence as Controllers of Men’s Affairs.

Babajide Sanwo-Olu, the 15th Governor of Lagos State is a good example of “Godsend” and a perfect description of God-does-not-mistakes.

Calm, humane, urbane, visionary and exemplary in many respects, Governor Sanwo-Olu personifies character, giving credence to what we describe as Omoluabi in Yorubaland.

I remember one of his Election Slogans, “When Lagos speaks, Sanwo-Olu listens”, which attracted some criticism from Naysayers who believed at the time that no Leader would fulfill such a promise. They dismissed it, concluding that it was a mere Political Talk.

Five years after, I see a Man who does not only listen to the yearnings of his People but takes immediate action to address their concerns. Yes, Sanwo-Olu listens!

In a space of five years, Governor Sanwo-Olu has touched many lives in a million ways than one could have imagined.

In fact, his THEMES+ Development Agenda was carefully and deliberately designed to help the course of Humanity. And he has painstakingly worked on each of the Pillars in ways that they directly impact the Lives of Lagosians.

It is common for Politicians to go to the Market with Bricks and Mortar- after all that is what the People can see and physically feel.

He has done more than enough of the Physical Infrastructure and millions of Lagos Residents can attest to such Projects as Roads, Hospitals, Schools, Museums etc that Governor Sanwo-Olu has constructed to make life abundantly easy for Lagosians.

Other Areas of his magic touch, which perhaps are more major in my estimation are those that are not necessarily Bricks and Mortar in nature but those that help to build the minds of our People. 

In education, Governor Sanwo-Olu revamped the Educational System in Lagos, and today, Lagos ranks among the top five in the West African Examinations Council’s Performance Index. He has created additional two State-owned Universities and he is already proposing a university of Medical Sciences. That to me is a bigger achievement.

The Health Sector has received so much attention that Lagos has been adjudged one of the best 10 Cities in Health Delivery across Africa. Work is still ongoing in Physical Infrastructure in the Health Sector. 

There are several other Areas like the Environment, Technology and Tourism, which have stood the Governor out as a Thinker and Doer. I consider most of these as the real deal because they provide the basis for the future of Lagos and her Residents.

Lagos State has grown increasingly in Global Livability Index, using some of the above factors as Parameters. The huge impact of the Country’s Economy has challenged most of the Leaders. In Lagos, Governor Sanwo-Olu has risen up to the challenge and has provided Leadership. 

As a Leader, he recognises the importance of Food Security in the State. He initiated the widely acclaimed Subsidised Food Market and the Ounje Eko Food Palliatives to cushion the effects of the Economic Downturn for the Vulnerable People in the State.

There are many sides to Governor Sanwo-Olu, that I have been privileged to witness firsthand. His genuine love for the Masses, his uncommon generosity, humility and simplicity are worthy of emulation. Perhaps these personal qualities are what endear him to the People he currently serves.

Today is his 59th Birthday and in celebrating, the Governor would be laying a Foundation for what would give birth to Sustainable Water Supply at the Lagos State International Water Conference as well as open Talks for Safety at the Lagos International Fire Safety Conference.

One would wonder why he would approve those very important Assignments on his Birthday, when others like him would prefer to stay at Home to receive Guests and probably party. It is because Governor Sanwo-Olu understands the enormity of the Tasks of Governance and the expectations of the People whose needs he must attend to at every hour of the day.

I want to wish my Boss, Mentor and Benefactor a Special Birthday full of happiness, peace and great health.

May God continue to direct every single of your steps as you work very hard to leave Lagos State better than you met it.

Congratulations, Sir.

Gboyega Akosile is the Special Adviser to Governor Sanwo-Olu on Media and Publicity

By Kayode Adebiyi

Contrary to the Narrative of John Grisham’s Fictional Thriller, The Racketeer, this was a real-life, long-overdue gesture of genuine Friendship and Partnership, a testament to the shared interest in combating Trans-Border Crimes that pose a significant Global threat.

The Visit of one of the longest-serving Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI) Directors, Christopher Wray, to Nigeria last week signalled a new Era in cooperation between Nigeria and the United States.

With the increase in the growth and sophistication of Trans-Border Crimes and Criminal Networks in such Crimes as Cybercrimes, Online Fraud, Trafficking in Illicit Drugs and Money Laundering and Illicit Transactions, Government Agencies across the World are working closer for solutions.

Wray’s Historic Visit to Nigeria, marked by his Courtesy Calls on President Bola Tinubu and the National Security Adviser, Nuhu Ribadu, was a significant milestone. This was not only his first visit to Africa in his seven years as FBI Director but also a testament to the growing importance of Nigeria in the Global fight against Trans-Border Crimes.

Equally significant was Wray’s Inaugural Visit to the Economic and Financial Crimes Commission (EFCC), where he held a crucial Meeting with the Chairman, Ola Olukoyede.

This Meeting, the first of its kind, underscored the importance of International Cooperation in combating Trans-Border Crimes and the confidence in the EFCC’s renewed Anti-Corruption efforts under Olukoyede’s Leadership.

There are perhaps a dozen Anti-Corruption Agencies in Africa, notable among them the EFCC, the South African Police Service (SAPS) and the Hawks; the Kenyan Ethics and Anti-Corruption Commission (EACC); the Ghanian Economic and Organised Crime Office (EOCO); and the Sierra Leonean Anti-Corruption Commission (ACC), among others. Wray, however, visited only two – the EFCC and the EACC.

Wray’s Visit also aims to strengthen the Partnership between the FBI and the EFCC. In his remark during the Visit, Wray said: “We have had a Relationship over the years, and this is a reflection of how stronger than ever we are looking forward to taking our Partnership to higher and higher levels in tackling threats that affect the People of Nigeria and the People of the United States.”

In response, Olukoyede said in the fight against the “Bad Guys” and Trans-Border Crimes, the Commission was “willing to continue and develop Ideas that would be of mutual benefit to both Agencies and ensure that the Issue of Cybercrime will take utmost priority in our scale of preference and also ensure that Sextortion that has become a major challenge to us is taken very seriously.”

Wray’s Visit takes on a special meaning in the context of Statistics showing that apart from rising Cybercrimes, Illicit Drugs and Small Arms, Illicit Financial Flows also cost Africa around $88.6bn yearly.

Security Analysts hope a deeper Collaboration between the FBI and the EFCC will improve Capacity Building and Intelligence Sharing.

This genuine Collaborate among the two Agencies will mean that the Malcolm Bannisters of this World, the Fictional Character in Grisham’s Book, will have a hard time in the future.

Credit NAN/Kayode

By Kayode Adebiyi

As President Bola Tinubu Administration clocks one year, one of the promises he made during the Campaigns before his Election was to tackle Insecurity headlong.

During his Inauguration on May 29, 2023, the President promised to prioritise Security, saying neither prosperity nor justice could prevail amidst Insecurity.

“To effectively tackle this menace, we shall reform both our Security Doctrine and its Architecture.

“We shall invest more in our Security Personnel, and this means more than an increase in number. We shall provide better Training, Equipment, Pay and Firepower,” the President said.

According to Security Analysts, those promises were not just founded on emptiness, as they are captured in the President’s Campaign Manifesto dubbed the Renewed Hope Agenda.

The Renewed Hope Agenda of the President on National Security is hinged on three Components: fighting Terrorism and violent Extremism, ending Oil Theft and Illegal Exploration of the Country’s Resources, and stamping out violent Secessionist Agitations.

The President acknowledged in that Policy Document that the Fundamental Responsibility of Government is to protect the Lives and Property of its Citizens.

He, therefore, promised to mobilise Nigeria’s National Security, Military and Law Enforcement Assets to protect all Nigerians from danger and the fear of danger.

He also promised to expand and improve upon the use of Technology, enhance Recruitment of Personnel, and bolster existing Agencies and Systems to achieve his Fundamental National Security Goals.

What has been achieved in one year?

In line with his promise to seek Bilateral and Multilateral Cooperation, Nigeria hosted the Second Edition of the UK-Nigeria Security and Defence Partnership Dialogue, through the Office of the National Security Adviser (ONSA).

The Event allowed Nigeria and the UK to reaffirm the two Countries’ deep and long-standing Security and Defence Relationship.

Nigeria also successfully hosted the High-Level Africa Counter-Terrorism Meeting, which brought together five Heads of Government, including the UN Deputy Secretary-General, and Leaders of other key Global Bodies.

Those Discussions focused on stability in the Sahel Region and garnered significant commitments to combat Terrorism and violent Extremism.

In the Area of Cybersecurity, which is a component of National Security, ONSA organised Sensitisation Workshops across seven Sectors.

The Sectors are Telecommunications, Defence and Security, Education, Finance and Capital Market, Energy, Professional Organisations, the Private Sector and Judiciary.

The aim is to provide Information, strengthen Cybersecurity Governance and coordination and build the Capacity of relevant Stakeholders on their Responsibilities under the National Cybersecurity Policy and Strategy (NCPS).

Along the line of the Provisions of the Renewed Hope Agenda, NSA Nuhu Ribadu also tackled three important National Security threats – Terrorism and violent Extremism, Oil Theft and Secessionist Agitation.

During an Inspection Tour of Oil and Gas Facilities in Abia and Rivers States Ribadu decried how the Country was still losing 400,000 Barrels of Crude Oil daily to Local and International Thieves.

According to the Director of Defence Media Operations,  Edward Buba, in the fight against Oil Theft, 1,437 Perpetrators were apprehended, with 363 neutralised. Additionally, 245 Kidnapped Hostages were rescued, leading to a marked decrease in Insurgent activities.

In less than a year, the Organisation of the Petroleum Exporting Countries (OPEC) puts Nigeria’s Oil Production at 1.28 million Barrels per day (bpd), signifying a 4.07 per cent increase from the 1.23 million bpd recorded in March 2024 — also indicating the first Month-on-Month Production Growth in the year.

Under the Tinubu Administration, the Multinational Joint Task Force (MNJTF) said its Counter-Terrorism and Insurgency Operations have led to the neutralisation of 9,303 Insurgents, the arrest of 6,998 Individuals, and the rescue of 4,641 Hostages.

The MNJTF also said that 9,562 Boko Haram/ISWAP Combatant Fighters and their Families surrendered to Security Forces.

Also, within a year, successful intelligence-led Operations have prevented numerous Terrorist Attacks and Criminal Activities.

High-profile Terrorist Commanders and their Associates were also said to be apprehended across multiple States, preventing potential catastrophic Incidents.

Confiscations include Illegal Items such as IEDs, Firearms, Ammunition, and dangerous Psychoactive Substances.

Available Media Content shows that Troops across various Theatres of Operations in the Country in separate Operations recovered over 21,000 Pump Action Cartridges, 440 Pump Action Rifles, and 228,741 Rounds of Ammunition within the past year, preventing potential attacks by recovering Suicide Jackets and Lethal Weapons.

On Regional Security and Stability, President Tinubu, as the Chairman of the ECOWAS, emphasised the importance of Regional and International Cooperation to effectively combat Money Laundering, Terrorist Financing, and the Financing of Proliferation of Weapons of Mass Destruction.

To this end, his Government demonstrated the importance when the National Centre for the Control of Small Arms and Light Weapons (NCCSALW) retrieved 20,000 Small Arms and 60,000 Units of Ammunition in Nigeria.

Police Reform is another Area in which the Administration has ticked the box.

As Chair of the Nigeria Police Council (NPC), the President set up a Constitutional Review Committee to carry out comprehensive Police Reforms.

The Committee, among other tasks, was charged to assess the lapses in the 1999 Constitution that are holding back Reforms of the Nigeria Police Force as well as enhance coordination and align Technology and Manpower Resources towards strengthening the Police.

As many Public Commentators have said, one year could be insufficient to analyse the performance of a Government, especially one carrying out Structural Reforms.

However, when it comes to National Security, there is a feeling that the Administration of President Tinubu was already putting in place Measures to sustain Security of Lives and Property of all Citizens.

Credit Kayode Adebiyi/NAN: Texts excluding Headline

By Monday Ijeh

Over the years, the dehumanising Working Conditions of Policemen, especially the Rank and File, has been a striking point.

Successive Administrations have largely ignored it and where remedial measures were taken they were grossly inadequate.

Promises to improve their Salaries, Barracks, Allowances and other Welfare Packages were often unfulfilled.

Security Experts say these challenges hindered Professionalism, effective service delivery in a system where success largely depends on Welfare of Personnel.

There have been calls for deliberate Policies to improve Police Welfare in the Areas of Housing, Promotion, Medics, Wards and Children’s Education, Pension and Gratuities.

The Experts also called on the Authorities to provide care for Families of Officers who died in Active Service.

Prominent Nigerians have called for better Welfare Package for Policemen and Women.

Former Bauchi State governor, Isa Yuguda says doing so would ensure effective and efficient Service Delivery.

Yuguda spoke during Public Presentation of a Book, Police and Administration of Criminal Justice in Nigeria, Contemporary Evaluation.

“There must be Incentive Package for Police Personnel to discourage them from accepting Incentives to do wrong and to ensure effective and efficient Service Delivery.

“Government must invest and not neglect the Nigeria Police to expect better Service Delivery,” he said.

To bridge the Working Equipment gap, some Governors have made donations to the Police Command in their States.

For instance, recently Governor Dapo Abiodun of Ogun used the occasion of visit by Inspector General of Police, Kayode Egbetokun to donate 25 new Patrol Vehicles and a state-of-art Surveillance Drones to the Police Command in the State.

The Lagos-Ibandan Expressway is one of the most difficult Areas to police in the Country with Kidnapping and Armed Robbery being a regular occurrence on the Road.

“One of the reasons why we took the decision to acquire this Drone was because of the Lagos-Ibadan Expressway.

“It remains one of our most Vulnerable points for those that are travelling through Ogun State, being the Gateway to the rest of the Country and the West African Sub-Region”, the Governor told Egbetokun.

Upon the Appointment of Egbetokun as the 22nd Inspector-General of Police (I-G) by President Bola Tinubu on June 19, 2023 he identified the Welfare of Personnel as a cornerstone of his Reign.

Egbetokun held that a key aspect of enhancing Policemen Conditions was the provision of appropriate Housing during and after their Service and payment of Insurance Claims to Families of Officers who died in Active Service.

He said the current Housing Capacity meets only about 10 per cent of the Needs of more than 400,000 strong Workforce of the Nigeria Police.

The I-G, therefore, hinted on plans to establish N100bn Police Housing Fund to address the Housing Needs of Personnel.

Care and support have been extended to the Families of Deceased Officers as the I-G recently presented N1.6bn to Families of 727 of such Policemen.

He said the money was the Insurance Claims for the Deceased covering 2018/2019, 2021/2022 and 2022/2023 under the Group Life Assurance Policy of the Nigeria Police Force.

The Welfare and Professionalism among Police Personnel has received attention from the Highest Office in the Country.

President Bola Tinubu, at the maiden edition of the Nigeria Police Awards and Commendations Ceremony, stressed the need for more Training with the 21st Century Police expectations.

“In our tradition of honouring the Police Force in the life of this great Nation, we have approved the Adoption of the first week of April as Police Week. Furthermore, the last day of the week, the 7th of April, is hereby declared National Police Day in Nigeria.

“I must remind you that we don’t see you as just the Shields of the Nation. We don’t see you as Robots. We humanise you,” Tinubu was quoted by the Media as saying.

Tinubu lauded the conceptualisation of Police Veterans’ Foundation, an Initiative of Solomon Arase, a former I-G and Chairman, Police Service Commission (PSC).

“The conceptualisation of the Police Veterans’ Foundation is not only thoughtful but a great Initiative.  It is important we reflect on the Cost of Peace and Security in Nigeria’’ he said.

“This is to enable us fully appreciate and thank our Police Veterans, for placing the Nation’s Security before their own Lives,” he said.

He said the courage, sacrifices and commitment of the Veterans to Peace and Security, had created a huge debt that Nigeria cannot commensurately repay.

Mogaji Ibrahim-Olaniyan, National Chairman of the Police Community Relations Committee (PCRC), said the Appointment of Egbetokun by Tinubu as the I-G has led to giant stride to enhance the Welfare of Police Personnel.

According to him, the initiation of the Award Scheme was inspiring and motivating and enjoined Nigerians to support the current Police Leadership and urged the Federal Government to make Fund available for the Nigeria Police Operations.

While the past year has given Police Personnel a glimpse of hope concerning their welfare, observers say the authorities should match words with action.

They also call for more Equipment to bring the Police at par with its counterparts in other parts of the World. 

Credit NAN/Monday Ijeh: Texts excluding Headline

In Nigeria, a Young Tech-Savvy and Upwardly Mobile Population is teeming, and exploring derivable benefits of Digital Technologies. They are propelled by rapidly expanding Internet Access and steady Broadband Penetration, currently about 43 per cent. Our Digital Economy is poised for significant growth, positively impacting various Sectors and benefiting the Nation through enhanced Connectivity and Digital Skills.

Digital Transformation is happening Globally at a record pace. During the Covid-19 Pandemic, for example, Remote Work and Virtual Collaboration Tools took centre stage; Platforms such as Zoom, Microsoft Teams, and Google Meet became—and still are—essential for Meetings, Conferences and Team Collaboration. E-commerce and Online Retail have transformed how Consumers seamlessly order and receive Goods and Services.

Even traditionally Brick-and-Mortar Businesses are changing the ways they engage with their Customers through introduction of Digital Solutions to improve the Customer Experience. It is a no-brainer that Artificial Intelligence (AI) and the Internet of Things (IoT) are revolutionising our Lives for the better, whether in Education, Healthcare Delivery, Living, Public Services, Energy Management, and much more.

Suffice to say, that underpinning this Global Digital Transformation is the indispensable Role of Telecommunications Infrastructure. Universal, affordable, reliable and fast Telecom Services are becoming Social Rights, as Mobile Networks and Data-Centres form the backbone for Digital Transformation by enabling the storage and processing of large amounts of Data as well as the integration of Digital Technologies into numerous use cases.

For President Bola Tinubu, the Renewed Hope Agenda draws us all to a more promising outlook. Inherent in his Agenda is the pledge to embolden and support the Youth and Women by harnessing emerging Sectors such as the Digital Economy.

In delivering this vision, the Minister of Communications, Innovation and Digital Economy, Bosun Tijani unveiled a Blueprint appropriately titled – “Accelerating our Collective Prosperity through Technical Efficiency” with the goal of supporting Nigeria’s Economic Growth by enhancing Productivity, facilitated by Digital Innovation.

Acknowledging the criticality of resilient Telecommunications Infrastructure to a robust Digital Economy, Tijani’s Strategic Agenda 2023 — 2027 sets targets to achieve a 50 per cent improvement in Quality of Service (QoS) by the end of 2024; to boost Nigeria’s Broadband Penetration rate to 70 per cent by the end of 2025; to deliver Data download speed of 25Mbps in Urban Areas and 10Mbps in Rural Areas by the end of 2025; to provide coverage for, at least, 80 per cent of the Country’s Population, especially the Underserved and Unserved Populations by the end of 2026; to reduce the gap of Unconnected Nigerians in Rural Areas from 61 per cent to less than 20 per cent by 2027; and to secure between 300 per cent to 500 per cent increase in Broadband Investment by the end of 2027. 

Drawing from the Strategic Agenda of the Ministry, Aminu Maida, the Executive Vice Chairman and Chief Executive Officer of the Nigerian Communications Commission, (NCC) has emplaced three Strategic Focus Areas for the Commission: The Consumers, the Industry and Licensees; and the Government.

Maida’s approach to delivering on President Bola Tinubu’s Renewed Hope Agenda comes from the recognition that each of these Stakeholders has a unique perspective and different, occasionally-paradoxical expectations of the Commission. His goal is to forge a path that carefully balances each Stakeholder’s needs while meeting their expectations.

Consider the Consumers—who are central to Maida’s focus—for example. His approach focuses on ensuring that they receive an enhanced Quality of Experience, beyond the narrow and very technically-evaluated Quality of Service.

Quality of experience takes into account all touch points along the Consumers journey in using Telecom Services from selection, through on boarding, usage, support and even off-boarding. This means that, Consumers are empowered to make the right Network Selection, enjoy a seamless onboarding into the Network of their choice, enjoy quality Service at fair Costs, receive responsive Customer Service and enjoy protected off-boarding where they chose to leave the Network.

To address Consumer complaints on Data depletion, the Commission has directed Mobile Network Operators (MNOs) to conduct an Independent Audit of their Billing Systems and is concluding a Consultation Process to simplify Tariff Plans. These Initiatives would provide enhanced transparency to the Consumer. 

The Commission, under Maida, rather than taking a National outlook on Data collection for Quality-of-Service Delivery, has adopted an approach where more Granular Data is collected from Operators and analysed to determine quality of Service at very small, local levels,  to allow the deployment of Optimised Solutions or Regulatory actions where needed. 

On the side of the Industry and Licensees of the Commission, Maida’s focus is aimed at forging a resilient Industry and enhancing the delivery of Regulatory Services. Since he came on board, the Commission has shown commitment to tackling Industry Debt Issues more seriously.

It has also embarked on critical Advocacy Initiatives to address long-term challenges in the Sector, including Advocacy for designating Telecom Infrastructure as Critical National Infrastructure, as well as successfully persuading over six States to waive Right of Way (RoW) Fees, even as he initiates Discussions with more States.

The Commission, under Maida’s Leadership, is equally engaging with the Presidential Committee on Fiscal Policy and Tax Reforms towards addressing Multiple Taxation Issues in the Telecoms Sector.

In order to ensure that the Industry is in line with current realities, the Commission is also undertaking a Review of its extant Regulatory Instruments and Licensing Frameworks. For instance, Quality of Service Regulations have been reviewed to incorporate Key Performance Indicators (KPIs) for 5G and other Participants that are critical to the Quality of Service.

By achieving expected QoS KPIs, high-speed internet connectivity, and forging a resilient and innovative Telecommunications Industry, the Commission is actively supporting the Ministry's vision of boosting Economic Growth and Productivity through Technological Innovation, delivering on the promise of Renewed Hope for all Nigerians.

Credit NCC PR

We, the Heads of State and Government of Benin, Ghana, Nigeria, Togo, the Prime Minister of Mauritania, the Ministers of Defence, the National Security Advisors, and Senior Government Representatives of African Union Member States, the African Regional Economic Communities/Regional Mechanism, African Union Commission, the United Nations Office of Counter-Terrorism, Africa’s Development Partners, and over twenty Civil Society Organisations converged at the High – Level African Counter – Terrorism Meeting, from 22nd to 23rd April 2024, in Abuja, Nigeria, under the theme: “Strengthening Regional Cooperation and Institution Building to Address the Evolving Threat of Terrorism in Africa”:

• Recognizethe continuing relevance of the instruments adopted by the African Union/Organization of African Unity (OAU), including the Communiqués of the African Union Peace and Security Council and the United Nations Security Council as well as relevant normative frameworks of all participating Regional Economic Communities/Regional Mechanisms, aimed at addressing the scourge of terrorism and violent extremism on the African Continent;
• Recallin particular the desire of the African Union to silence the guns on the Continent by the year 2030 and note the fact that the spread of terrorism and violent extremism in different parts of the African Continent poses a significant threat to peace, security, and stability in Africa, as well as hinder progress being made towards the achievement of the United Nations 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development and African Union Agenda 2063: The Africa We Want;
• Acknowledgethat the growing activities of terrorist groups and the lethality of their attacks particularly in parts of West Africa and the Sahel, Central, Eastern and Northern Africa, is exacerbating insecurity in these regions;
• Notethat terrorist groups with affiliations to Al-Qaeda and/or Da’esh capitalize on local grievances, frequently rooted in inequalities, poor governance, lack of development, violations and abuses of human rights, as well as the proliferation of small arms and light weapons, to forge extensive operational networks and disseminate radical ideologies; Further notes that these groups exploit instability and conflict to escalate attacks across the continent and expand their zone of influence and control;

• Acknowledge the need to adequately address the root causes and structural drivers of terrorism, violent extremism in Africa and emphasize the imperative for greater collective action in addressing the challenges of terrorism and violent extremism on the Continent given its spiral effects;
• Guided by our desire to have an important platform for focused discussions, exchange of experiences, and identification of practical strategies to address the evolving threat of terrorism on the continent, consider the High–Level African Counter–Terrorism Meeting held from 22nd– 23rd April 2024, as one in the series of events being considered as a part of the Abuja Process for addressing terrorism concerns and underscore the following as its focus:

1. a) an African-led and African-owned approach to countering terrorism;

1. b) strengthening regional and sub-regional cooperation,;
2. c) encouraging prevention and effective counter measures to address the spread of terrorism, ;
3. d) build capacities of Member States critically challenged by terrorism and violent extremist tendencies.

• Recognised that the United Nations New Agenda for Peace seeks to enhance global peace and security through the building of trust, solidarity, universality and multilateralism, grounded in the UN Charter and further noting that the UN Summit of the Future, to be held in September 2024, in New York, presents an opportunity to build a more effective, inclusive, and renewed multilateralism tuned to the needs of the 21st century, including through forging international efforts to counter terrorism, and deepening investment in regional security and recognizing that the collective actions embodied in the “Pact for the Future,” of the Summit are intended to strengthen dedicated support to peace, security, and stability in Africa;
• Guided by the above understanding, the High – Level African Counter – Terrorism Meeting was organized around the following four sessions:

1. The evolving landscape of terrorist threat and operations in Africa;

1. Lessons Learned and Best Practices in countering terrorism and preventing violent extremism;

1. Enhancing regional capacities to counter and prevent terrorism on the continent;
2. Strengthening cooperation between international partners and African Member States affected by the scourge of terrorism.

       Hereby declare to undertake the following:

      ON THE EVOLVING TERRORIST THREAT LANDSCAPE IN AFRICA

• Unequivocally condemn all manifestations of terrorism and violent extremism on the Continent of Africa and expressly reaffirm our collective commitment to strengthening the security of African States in line with the Common African Defense and Security Policy and within the spirit of finding African solutions to Africa’s security challenges;
• Condemn in particular, increasing terrorist threat against vulnerable targets, including critical infrastructure and public places in some parts of the Continent;
• Urge international partners to similarly affirm zero tolerance for terrorism regardless of the motives, and to take appropriate practical measures to ensure that their respective territories are not used by terrorists for the organization and or financing of terrorist acts to be committed against other States or their citizens;
• Pay tribute to all African citizens and peace keeping and peace enforcement personnel who paid the ultimate sacrifice combating terrorist groups in the Continent and beyond;
• Acknowledge the existence of critical gaps in counter-terrorism capabilities of most African countries and highlight the intersection of socio-economic disparities, political instability, armed conflict, porous borders, lack of cross-border cooperation, and governance challenges in the evolution of terrorist activities on the Continent;
• Emphasise that only through unity and cooperation can Africa Member States be able to effectively counter terrorism on the Continent; In that connection, underscore the imperative for African Member States to prioritize countering terrorism within their territories and promoting balanced implementation of the UN Global Counter-Terrorism Strategy, adopted through consensus by all Member States of the United Nations, as well as the AU Convention on the Prevention and Combating of Terrorism (1999); Plan of Action on the Prevention and Combating of Terrorism in Africa, (2002) and the Protocol to the OAU Convention on the Prevention and Combating of Terrorism (2004), and Malabo Declaration on Terrorism and Unconstitutional Changes of Government in Africa (2022);
• Note the imperative for effective responses to issues of terrorism and violent extremism on the Continent including through implementation of comprehensive border strategies and national action plans;

;

• Agreed that climate insecurity could exacerbate fragile contexts as well as act as a risk multiplier in combination with other underlying drivers of violent extremism conducive to terrorism;
• Condemn the growing use of a variety of new technologies for terrorist purposes, including use of remotely operated systems, to prepare or conduct terrorist attacks;
• Express concerns over the undue targeting of youth online by terrorism groups, including through online gaming, gaming adjacent platforms and various social media platforms and in this regard, underscore the need for innovative approaches for countering online radicalization and exposure of African Youths to violent extremist tendencies and the recruitment efforts by terrorist groups. Also underscore the need to counter all mis/disinformation and hate speech leading to violent extremism, and encourage African Member States to leverage opportunities offered by digital tools, including artificial intelligence, to strengthen their counter-terrorism and preventive measures; Underline that respect for international humanitarian law, protection of civilians, ensuring humanitarian access and the prevention of the illicit sales of small arms and light weapons must be prioritized by all, in conflict contexts.

       ON COUNTERING TERRORISM AND PREVENTING VIOLENT EXTREMISM CONDUCIVE TO TERRORISM:         LESSONS LEARNED AND BEST PRACTICES

• Shared lessons learned and good practices from national, regional, and global experiences in combating terrorism and preventing violent extremism and resolve to explore ways to address conditions conducive to the spread of terrorism, including prioritizing investments in education, integration of counter-terrorism and violent extremism efforts into broader agendas linked to the SDG 16 and relevant aspirations of Agenda 2063
• Reiterate the importance of promoting effective African-led and African-owned strategies for countering terrorism and in this regard, underscore the need to explore practical strategies for community-led approaches and meaningful/safe engagement of local communities, with the need for the United Nations, Africa’s Development partners and the international community to support such efforts that is grounded in local contexts and needs to ensure the achievement of the intended outcomes from their engagement;
• Emphasise the need for African Leaders to promote youth empowerment and engagement, at both the strategic and operational levels, as an imperative for success given their roles as positive change-makers;
• Underscore the need for the African Members States supported by the international community, particularly the United Nations and International partners to strengthen their respective control of arms and dual – use goods;
• Reaffirm the importance of adopting comprehensive national, regional, and continental strategies to tackle the escalating menace of terrorism and its underlying causes, as well as all the factors that contribute to its expansion and dissemination; and in this context, we emphasize the need for countries affected by terrorism to mainstream political solutions to their ongoing security and military measures, and Stress the urgency of developing a comprehensive Continental Strategic Plan of Action on countering terrorism in Africa, to consolidate coordination and enhance actions;
• Welcomed all African Member States that, at one point or the other, made efforts to address deep–rooted issues with genocidal potential, radicalization and violent extremism and in this connection, encourage peaceful settlement of underlying causes of inter and intra–community conflicts through the adoption of policies that discourages economic, religious and culture–based discriminatory practices/tendencies, the strengthening of inter and intra–community dialogues as well as the implementation of actions with potentials to consolidate social cohesion, promote the culture of peace, and prevent conflicts in societies;
• Underline the need to promote the meaningful participation, leadership, and representation of women, youth, victims of terrorist activities and/or people in special situations in decision-making processes related to counter-terrorism;
• Urge all United Nations and African Union Member States to enhance cooperation and collaboration in fighting the scourges of terrorism, radicalization and violent extremism and to deepen and intensify their collective security efforts, through joint operations, signing extradition agreements, as well as establishing platforms for sharing their experiences, best practices and lessons in preventing and combating terrorism, radicalization and extremism;
• Emphasise the need to address terrorist propaganda based on inter–religious tensions and the clash of civilizations narrative; express respect for all faiths and belief systems noting that distorted narratives based on the misinterpretation and misrepresentation of religion to justify violence are often leveraged to recruit supporters, particularly foreign terrorist fighters, mobilize resources and garner support from sympathizers of terrorism groups and activities;
• Call upon all external actors to cease support(s) to terrorist groups on the Continent and reiterate the request for the immediate and unconditional withdrawal of all foreign terrorist fighters (FTFs) from the Continent;
• Acknowledge the establishment of the United Nations Integrated Border Stability Mechanism (IBSM) in 2023, considered that Models based on the IBSM framework could be useful for intercontinental, regional and sub-regional efforts and underscore the need for good practices on the prosecution, rehabilitation and reintegration of FTFs to be strengthened and shared more widely, as has been done by UNOCT in collaboration with the Lake Chad Basin Commission in the past;
• Recognise that innovative approaches, including those leveraging advanced behavioural science, are crucial for effectively tackling violent extremism and radicalization across the continent and in this regard, underscored that such strategies, as embodied in the work of the UNOCT Behavioural Insights Hub in Doha, could contribute significantly to building resilient societies better equipped to withstand and recover from the threats of extremism and radicalization;
• Further recognise the importance of tackling terrorist financing through targeted and coordinated actions as well as the important role of international, regional, and sub-regional organizations in supporting African States, and in this regard, we welcome UNOCT’s commitment to deepening its support for FATF-Style Regional Bodies in Africa, particularly in the West African Sub – Region, as a way of by promoting the implementation of risk-based approaches to terrorist financing, and to ensure that resources are best allocated according to identified threats and documented vulnerabilities;
• Resolve to strengthen our individual and collective fight against local and external financiers and funding sources for terrorism and terrorist activities in Africa and promote improvement in the management of natural resources in every part of the Continent;
• Welcome the important role being played by International Centres for Counter Terrorism as independent think–and–do tanks shaping effective and evidence–based counter–terrorism and violent extremism policies, grounded in human rights and the rule of law across the world and in this connection, decide to upgrade the Nigerian National Counter–Terrorism Centre, Abuja, to a Regional Counter–Terrorism Centre;
• Request the United Nations, particularly the United Nations Office for Counter–Terrorism and the United Nations Security Council, as well as the African Union, in particular, the African Union Peace and Security Council and the African Union Counter Terrorism Centre, and indeed, international partners, including the European Union, to provide the needed support and resources to ensure the upgrade as well as its immediate take off and effectiveness as a centre of excellence on issues of counter terrorism in Africa.

        ON ENHANCING REGIONAL CAPACITIES TO COUNTER AND PREVENT TERRORISM

• Recognise the importance of promoting and effectively utilizing existing instruments and delivering on previous commitments, including those from the AU Extraordinary Summit held in Malabo in May 2022 and in this regard, we reiterate commitment to the implementation of the decisions related to counter-terrorism in the Declarations of the 16th Extraordinary Session of the Assembly of the African Union on Terrorism and Unconstitutional Changes of Government;

• Call for the long-anticipated activation of the AU Peace and Security Council’s Sub-Committee on Counter-Terrorism to be immediately and fully operationalised to enable it fulfil its advisory mandate;
• Affirm that regional economic communities and regional mechanisms are the building blocks for Africa’s continental integration agenda, as well as its peace and security architecture, hence the need to harness the potential of these structures to help strengthen the coordination of counter-terrorism efforts and deliver impactful support where it is needed most.
• Welcome the regional mechanisms and initiatives established to address security challenges, including sub-regional security arrangements, such as the Multinational Joint Task Force (MNJTF) against Boko Haram; Recall that the Economic Community of West African States (ECOWAS) has stressed the imperative of improved coordination of counter-terrorism efforts, calling for the operationalization of the ECOWAS Standby Force;
• Emphasise the need to further strengthen existing cooperation mechanisms at the regional and continental levels to enable them more effectively respond to the transnational nature of terrorism, and reiterated the imperative to connect counter-terrorism coordinators in various regions affected by terrorism on the African Continent for better coordination and the sharing of expertise and resources, where possible;
• Express the desire of Regional Economic Communities and countries affected by the scourge of terrorism to benefit from the UN Global Counter-Terrorism Coordination Compact virtual platform; Urge all African Union Regional Economic Communities/Regional Mechanisms to fully utilize the cooperative mechanisms established to address country–and region–specific issues, most notably the Sahel Fusion and Liaison Unit (UFL), the Nouakchott Process on the Enhancement of Security Cooperation and the Operationalization of the African Peace and Security Architecture in the Sahelo–Saharan Region, the Djibouti Process and the Accra and other initiatives established to respond to growing insecurity linked to violent extremism in the regions;
• Call for the enhancement of coordination mechanisms between the UN and regional organizations, economic communities/mechanisms, such as the African Union (AU), EAC, ECCAS, ECOWAS, IGAD, AIMC and SADC, toward the fostering of synergies in joint programming and the enhancement of information-sharing amongst all key actors;
• Welcome UNOCT’s capacity building programmes and work in the areas of fusion cells, border security, behavioural insights, countering the financing of terrorism, small arms and light weapons, investigations, cyber, preventing and countering violent extremism and protection of victims of terrorism;
• Welcome the ongoing commitment of the UNOCT’s to the enhancement of interagency coordination and information sharing and we emphasize the need for international and regional organizations as well as international partners to prioritize providing capacity-building support that responds to the reality of African Member States in different sub-regional arrangements, including through the work of the UNOCT Rabat Training Centre for Africa and the UNOCT Nairobi Office;
• Recognise the need for Africa to build strong and professional armies, equipped with the correct ideology of Non-Sectarianism; Pan-Africanism; and Nationalism, in order to defeat terrorism; and in this regard, reiteratesthe call for the immediate operationalization of the African Standby Force (ASF), the finalization of the Memorandum of Understanding between the AU and African Regional Economic Communities/Regional Mechanism on the ASF and the strengthening of coordination between the African Union Peace and Security Council, Regional Economic Communities and Regional Mechanisms on its utilization;

         ON STRENGTHENING COOPERATION BETWEEN INTERNATIONAL PARTNERS AND AFFECTED                       AFRICAN MEMBER STATES

• Emphasise the need to pursue a multidimensional approach in addressing the structural root causes and drivers of insecurity on the continent, including through the promotion of good governance, constitutionalism, human rights, adherence to the rule of law and democracy;
• Underscore the need for the promotion of the nexus between peace, security and socio-economic development, and the prevention of the illicit flow of small arms and light weapons into Africa, as well as addressing in a comprehensive manner, the devastating impact of climate change on livelihoods;

;

• Highlight the need to clearly identify priority threats and capacity gaps for targeted responses underscored the need to explore ways to bolster collaboration between international funding partners and African Member States to effectively prevent and/or counter terrorists activities on the Continent;
• Stress the importance of including non-traditional partners like the private sector, think tanks, and academic institutions, in identifying threats and co-designing initiatives;
• Underscore the need international partners to respect the sovereignty of African States facing terrorism challenges and to respect international law, particularly the regional ownership, and the enhancement of cooperation in all their assistance to African Member States facing terrorism challenges;
• Acknowledge the important efforts of the African Union Commission (AUC) in operationalizing the AU Peace Fund as the fund remain a critical instrument for addressing urgent peace and security challenges on the Continent; while commending contributions made by African Member States in this regard

• Underscore the need for coordinated efforts in countering terrorism in Africa as well as the role of adequate, sustainable and predictable funding in combating all forms of insecurity on the African Continent, particularly terrorism and violent extremism on the continent and in this regards, acknowledge the adoption of Resolution 2719 (2023) by the United Nations Security Council on financing of African Union-led Peace Support Operations and emphasized that although it fell short of the 100% access to UN assessed contribution that Africa requested as a way of guaranteeing predictable, adequate and sustainable financing of AU peace and security activities, Resolution 2719 (2023) could contribute to the funding requirement for combating terrorism and violent extremism in Africa, in all its forms and manifestations;
• Resolve to scale up efforts to combat transnational organized crime especially the deliberate proliferation of illicit arms in Africa, including through enhanced intelligence sharing mechanisms, border management, cooperation and control and we call on the United Nations system and Agencies to support the development/adoption of robust frameworks and legislative, as well as the enhancement of the operational capacities of African Member States confronted by the challenges of terrorism and violent extremism and to contribute towards the sharing of good practices for the effective elimination of the supply of weapons to non – state armed groups in Africa;
• Stress the urgent need for the improved deployment of greater support and resources towards strengthening cybersecurity activities in Africa and taking concrete steps to prevent the use of social media and other platforms by terrorists;
• Commend, in this regard, the UNOCT for reaffirming its commitment to integrating emerging technologies in the framework of its technical assistance to African Member States, helping them to prevent and counter cybersecurity related emerging threats in a human rights-compliant and gender-responsive manner, and leveraging the potential of these technologies to support counter-terrorism and violent extremism efforts across the continent;
• Emphasise the need for closer collaboration among national stakeholders, civil society, regional and sub-regional organizations as well as international partners, in delivering assistance and strengthening support and protection of victims of terrorism,;
• Stress the importance of strengthening the capacities of the African Union Commission (AUC) and its specialised agencies, as well as those of Regional Economic Communities/Regional Mechanisms to enhance the effectiveness of their respective Member States combating terrorism and violent extremism;
• Urge the AUC to continue providing technical assistance to its Member States through its Continental Counter-Terrorism Early Warning System and w encourage Member States and Regional Economic Communities/Regional Mechanisms (RECs/RMs) to improve their coordination, strengthen regional and continental efforts and regularly exchange experiences in their combater terrorism efforts;
• Welcome the commitment of the UNOCT, in coordination with other partners, to strengthen the development and implementation of dedicated packages of capacity building programmes and other forms of targeted supports to African States in the priority areas of assistance identified during the Meeting;

We fully concure that the Abuja Process is an African-led and African-owned series of meetings aimed at strengthening regional and sub-regional cooperation to counter terrorism and prevent violent extremism, strengthen coordination of counter-terrorism initiatives, share expertise, and mobilize resources for critical counter-terrorism programmes.

We thank the Government of the Federal Republic of Nigeria, organisers of the High Level African Meeting on Counter Terrorism as well all Member States, international and regional organizations and civil society groups and international partners who participated in this event and contributed to the discussions.

Given that our objective is to make the process beneficial for all critical situations on the Continent, we decide that the dates and venue for the follow-up meetings of this Process will be made known in due course.

We request the African Union Peace and Security Council to consider and endorse this Declaration and to recommend same to the United Nations Security Council for appropriate action.

Adopted on this 23rd day of April, 2024 In Abuja, Federal Republic of Nigeria

In recent times the Naira, Nigeria’s Legal Tender, appears to be getting stronger after an all-time low of N1,900 in exchange to the Dollar in February.

The Currency started its gradual appreciation in March, peaking at N1,230 at the Parallel Market in the first week of April.

Trouble had started for the Naira when President Bola Tinubu, shortly after assuming Office on May 29, announced his Administration’s decision to float the Currency.

Tinubu’s plan was contained in a comprehensive Monetary Policy Reforms meant to ensure a single Exchange Rate for Naira.

The Central Bank of Nigeria (CBN), afterwards, adopted a clean Float Foreign Exchange Management Policy and announced immediate changes to Operations in the Nigerian Foreign Exchange (FX) Market.

As part of its Policies to ensure Economic recovery, the CBN announced the unification of all Segments of the FX Market.

Previously, there were Foreign Exchange Rates for different purposes such as Medical Tourism and Studies, Pilgrimages, the Parallel Market and CBN among others.

The FX Market Liberalisation Policy saw the devaluation of the Naira as the “Willing Buyer, Willing Seller” Model was introduced.

The Apex Bank abolished the hitherto Multiple Exchange Rate windows and collapsed them into the Business-based Investors and Exporters (I&E) Window.

Afterwards, the Naira, which had exchanged at N400 to the Dollar at the CBN-controlled Official Window and N700 to the Dollar at the Parallel Market, went on a free fall, to over N1,000 to the Dollar in Decembere 2023.

The Policy also worsened Inflation in the Country, evidenced by sky-high Costs of Goods and Services.

Some Stakeholders believed that floating the Naira at that time, even with so much Dollar Illiquidity, was ill-advised.

Others urged the CBN to employ Monetary Policy Tools to stabilise and strengthen the Naira and to also tackle Inflation.

Okechukwu Unegbu, a past President of Chattered Institute of Bankers of Nigeria (CIBN), urged the CBN to use its Monetary Policy tools to moderate the Exchange Rate and drive down Inflation.

“President Bola Tinubu already took some sensitive Policy Decisions, even before appointing the CBN Governor and the Finance Minister.

“Floating the Naira was a major error that has caused the Nation so much pain,” he said.

Bismarck Rewane, an Economist and Managing Director of Financial Derivatives, a Business Management Consultancy Firm, said that loose Monetary Conditions were totally different from tight Monetary Policy.

“You fight loose Monetary Conditions by tightening Monetary Policy.

“There will be an effect of that because Interest Rate will increase, People will save more and consume less, and the Currency will stabilise over time. There is no quick-fix,” he said

However, at the Meeting of its Monetary Policy Committee (MPC) in February, the first to be chaired by Yemi Cardoso as Governor, the Apex Bank adopted an aggressive tightening of the Monetary Policy Rate (MPR) by 400 Basis Points, from 18.75 per cent to 22.75 per cent.

Cardoso said that on-going Reforms at CBN would check rising Inflation and address distortions in the Foreign Exchange Market.

He listed some of the Reforms to include the Unification of the Foreign Exchange Market and the promotion of a Willing Buyer Willing Seller Model.

Carfoso said that other Reforms were removal of all limits on margins for International Money Transfer Operators (IMTO) Remittances, introduction of a two-way Quote System, and the broad Reforms in the Bureau De Change (BDC) Segment of the Market.

After that Meeting, the Naira began its progressive movement upward, an indication that the it responded positively to the MPC decision to tighten the lending rate aggressively.

Shortly after, the CBN announced revocation of Operational Licences of 4,173 Bureaux De Change (BDCs) for failure to observe some Regulatory Provisions.

The Apex Bank stated that it was revising the Regulatory and Supervisory Guidelines for BDC Operations in Nigeria, adding that compliance with the new requirements would be mandatory for all Stakeholders in the Sector.

Again, at its MPC Meeting in March, the CBN announced another aggressive Policy tightening, raising the MPR by another 200 Basis Points, from 22.75 per cent to 24.75.

Cardoso said that recent stability achieved in the Foreign Exchange Market were commendable and had started yielding results.

“The Committee noted with satisfaction the level of stability achieved in the Foreign Exchange Market in the last few weeks.

“This, in the view of Members, reflects the impact of the CBN’s recent Policy Actions and Reforms, as well as increased transparency in the Market.

“In addition, the Committee noted the efforts of the Apex Bank in offsetting verified Foreign Currency Obligations, an action that will greatly enhance Investor Confidence and attract Foreign Investments to Nigeria,” he said.

The President, Association of Bureau De Change of Nigeria (ABCON), Aminu Gwadabe, said that recent Monetary Policy Decisions of the CBN had made the Naira to gain value.

According to Gwadabe, the Dollar exchanging at between N1,300 and N1,900 was inorganic.

“I see the Naira maintaining its organic journey, which is N1,200 to the Dollar, ” he said.

He said that the CBN had taken a lot of measures to stabilise the Foreign Exchange Market by way of Treasury Bills that had attracted billions of Dollars, with the promise of almost $30bn coming in.

“The CBN has also fixed the Lending Rate to 24.75 per cent so as to reign in Inflation.

“The Apex Bank also raised the Cash Reserve Ratio (CRR) of Banks to reduce Liquidity that is chasing after the Dollar,” he said during a recent interview with the News Agency of Nigeria (NAN).

Gwadabe said the most effective measure was the inclusion of Bureaux De Change (BDCs) into the Official Foreign Exchange Window.

He said that the Security Agencies were also tracing Unearned Incomes that were used to chase Foreign Currencies.

“There is a lot of progress in that regard. A lot of Information on how stolen money is being moved around is being gathered.

“And now, there is deterrent. People are watching keenly now to know whether to speculate. The trajectory is sustainable,” he said.

The CBN recently sold N676.65bn through the Open Market Operation, (OMO), at a 21 per cent Interest Rate to manage Money Supply.

Findings by the News Agency of Nigeria (NAN) revealed that the CBN has sold Treasury Bills worth over N1trn since the First Quarter of 2024.

This is a move to mop up Excess Cash Liquidity in the Economy in a bid to further strengthen the Naira and also to tame Inflation.

The Apex Bank is projected to spend around N1.01trn in Interest Rate to defend the Naira.

Primarily, the move targets the management of the Banking System’s Liquidity to prevent an oversupply of Naira, which could trigger Inflationary pressures.

Also, it aims to provide an avenue for the CBN to stabilise the Financial Market by offering competitive Returns to Investors, thus aligning the Country’s Monetary Policy with its Economic Objectives.

The CBN also announced that it had processed and cleared an inherited backlog of $7bn in Foreign Exchange Claims to Beneficiaries, a step that has improved Investors’ Confidence in the Nigerian Economy.

However, the Lagos Chamber of Commerce and Industry (LCCI) complained about the effect of high Interest Rate of CBN’s Treasury Bill.

The LCCI Director-General, Chinyere Almona, said that such high Interest Rate was drying up Funds from the Private Sector into Government’s Treasuries.

She urged the CBN to reconsider its decision on Interest Rate hike.

She said that the objectives of the Apex Bank to curb Inflation and stabilise the Exchange Rate were commendable.

She, however, said that there was a need for such objectives to be achieved without impeding Private Sector endeavours and Economic expansion.

As Naira continues to respond positively to various Monetary Policy measures by the CBN, Stakeholders are hoping that the Currency sustains its upwards trajectory.

Most Nigerians project, at least, a two-digit Exchange Rate against the Dollar and other strong Currencies in the not too distant future. 

Credit Kadiri Abdulrahman/NAN

As 2023 draws to an end, it is gladdening that there was no Civilian Plane Crash recorded. This is noteworthy for a Country that used to with witness such mishaps at intervals.

In the Aviation Sector, safety is the ultimate.

In spite of the success story, some other challenges persist. Experts and Airport Users say the state of Infrastructure at the Airports need to improve.

In 2023 many Airlines groaned under high Operational Costs which have stifled their expansion.

Flight delays and or cancellations, poor Customer Care, epileptic Cooling System, and Conveyor Belt Issues, Poor Funding, and Insecurity are among other challenges experienced in the Sector.

Some of these challenges pose a major threat to the smooth Operations of the Airports and hinder them from handling certain Services.

Recently, Musa Nuhu, the Director-General of Nigerian Civil Aviation Authority (NCAA) told the News Agency of Nigeria (NAN) that many Airports cannot handle Night Flights because of some of the highlighted challenges.

“All manners of security risks including kidnapping, robbery and others are evolving rapidly in many parts of the Country.

“The evolving security challenges make Night Operations dangerous because many Airports, by reason of Construction and Operational requirements are located mostly on the outskirts of Towns’’, he told NAN.

Some Stakeholders argue that Aviation should not be seen as a mere Sector but as a Business Model capable of generating Revenue for those operating in it.

They say that it must be made competitive with the required Infrastructure on ground to make the Business thrive.

An Aviation Expert, Olumide Ohunayo, said Nigeria has the highest number of Domestic Airlines in Africa, not by number of Aircraft but by Registered Operators.

“In the number of Equipment, we are behind; we have the highest Attrition Rate. We have crossed the ICAO Registration Process, our Airlines are IOSA Certified.

“We have the highest Attrition Rates, as our Airlines are not viable out there. Those operating are yet to obtain profit margin. We have been absent on the International Routes despite numerous BASA in place.

“We have increased the number of Airports in the Country over the years, although most of them are under used because of the limitation of Sunset Airport Policies which has reduced usage“, the Vanguard quoted him as saying.

BASA is an Air Transport Agreement between two Countries that allows Designated Airlines to operate Commercial Flight, covering Transportation of Passengers and Cargoes.

To achieve that objective, the Chairman, Senate Committee on Aviation, Buhari Abdulatif, says it is important for the Federal Government to improve Aviation Business Environment to make it attractive to Foreign and Local Investors.

Abdulatif, told a Retreat organised by the Ministry of Aviation and Aerospace Development recently at Warri, Delta State that Government should address the issue of high Cost of Aviation Fuel and other Operation Logistics.

The Minister of Aviation and Aerospace Development, Festus Keyamo, said the Government is conscious of the need to upgrade the Sector to make it the Hub of Air Travel in Africa.

According to him, the Aviation Industry is a main key for Sustainable Growth and Development of all other Sectors in the Nigerian Economy.

He said the Federal Government was ready to intensify efforts through Public-Private-Partnership (PPP) to tackle the challenges militating against the Industry.

Keyamo said his priority Agenda would be fine-tuned into Actionable Programme and projects by all Department and Agencies under the Ministry.

“These Agenda are: to ensure strict compliance with Safety Regulations and continuous upward movement of Nigeria’s Rating by the ICAO.

“Others are support for the growth and sustenance of Local Airline Businesses whilst holding them to the highest International Standards in the Aviation Industry, and improvement of Infrastructure in the Aviation Industry.

“It also includes the development of Human Capacity within the Industry and optimising Revenue Generation for the Federal Government, “ recent Media Reports quoted him as saying.

In the coming years, Stakeholders in the Industry expect the Federal Government to also leverage International Agreements and Instruments to stimulate growth in the Nation’s Aviation Industry.

“Government must direct the Federal Inland Revenue Service (FIRS) to monitor closely the Foreign Exchange Earnings on Commercial Aviation including the Earnings on Bilateral Air Service Agreement (BASA)“ says John Ojukitu, Secretary General of Aviation Round Table, in a Media Interview.

Some Operators in the Sector canvass the review of BASA to enable Government identify Areas that need improvement and renegotiate such Terms.

“Currently, the Multiple Entry Points and Frequencies of Foreign Airlines are commercially disadvantageous to Nigerian Airlines and do not achieve fair reciprocity“, says Nick Fadugba, the Chief Executive Officer (CEO), African Aviation Services.

Fadugba who is also the Chairman of the African Business Aviation Association (AfBAA) said this during a Webinar.

As 2024 approaches, Stakeholders expect that the challenges of the past years including underutilisation of Airports, dearth of Professionals, Financial Instability leading to bankruptcy of Airlines would be addressed.

Doing these will enable the Sector fly at the right altitude.

Credit NAN/Gabriel Agbeja

On November11 Residents of Bayelsa, Imo and Kogi will return to the Poll to elect new Governors that will run the Affairs of the States for the next four years in an off Election Circle Exercise.

The Independent National Electoral Commission (INEC) is expected to conduct the Elections in 10, 510 Polling Units spread across the three States.

In Bayelsa, the Election will take place in 2,244 Polling Units, while it will hold in 3,508 Polling Units in Kogi. Imo has 4, 758 Polling Units where the Election will hold.

INEC has targeted about 5.4 million Voters for the Elections, with Bayelsa having 1.05 million Voters; while 2.4 million Voters are expected in Imo. Kogi has about two million Voters.

INEC has been engaged in series of activities in the past few months toward ensuring the successful conduct of the Elections.

However, some Stakeholders have expressed concerns over the ability of the Electoral Umpire to conduct hitch-free Elections in these States, going by the experiences of the 2023 General Polls.

Although the Umpire insists that it did a good job in the Polls, many Nigerians, particularly those on the Opposition side think otherwise.

They cite the some logistics challenges, especially late arrival of Election Materials and Election Officials in Polling Units as examples of areas that need improvement.

There is also the reoccurring problem of malfunctioning of the Bimodal Voters Accreditation System (BVAS) in Polling Units, leading to delay in the accreditation of Voters and voting.

In some Polling Units, voting was delayed for many hours, as Voters remain on queues to perform their Civic Rights of electing their Leaders.

Although INEC has reassured of its resolve to address the challenges, Stakeholders say the Commission must buckle up, if it wants to conduct hitch-free, free, fair and credible Elections.

Yabagi Sani, the National Chairman, Inter-Party Advisory Council (IPAC) tasked INEC to strengthen its capacities to ensure hitch-free Elections in the three States.

He expressed optimism that INEC would strive to rebuild trust between itself, Political Parties and the Electorate by ensuring hitch-free Polls.

“We in IPAC believe that INEC has learned some lessons and they know that there is a huge deficit of trust between the Commission and Nigerians.

“This happened because INEC was over ambitious and wanted things to work very well during the Presidential Election, but underlined conditions did not allow them to achieve the high standards they set for themselves.

“So INEC will have to go back to its drawing board and take a look at things that went wrong and correct them.

“And this doesn’t mean that they should throw away their Technological Advancements because they served their purpose and there is nothing wrong with the use of Technology,” he said.

Sani said that the use of Technology was not the problem of INEC in the conduct of the 2023 General Elections but the conducts of its Officials, Political Parties and their Agents, as well as the conduct of Nigerians.

He advised the Commission to improve on its Technology usage in order to set a better standard for Nigeria in the Global scene as the largest and strongest Democratic Country in Africa.

‘’INEC must show a good example in the November11 Off-Cycle Governorship Elections, it should show that we have Technology and we can use them perfectly,’’ he said.

Sani said that all hands must be on deck to ensure that Electoral Officers are not pressured by Governors to falsify results in the Elections.

“As we approach the Off- Cycle Elections in Imo, Bayelsa and Kogi States in November, all hands must be on deck to ensure the Resident Electoral Commissioners and Returning Officers are not pressured by some Governors and INEC itself to falsify results in their States.

“The Adamawa State 2023 Governorship Election result declaration saga and the embarrassment caused INEC and the Nation at large is a case in point.

“The prosecution of the Adamawa REC in Court by INEC is highly desirable and commendable.

“Equally desirable is action by all relevant Security Agencies to check the misuse of State Resources in violation of the Electoral Act 2022,” he said.

Hamzat Lawal, the Chief Executive Officer, Connected Development (CODE), a Civil Society Organisation, corroborated Sani’s claim, urging INEC to improve on its logistics management, ahead of the November Elections.

Lawal, also the Founder, Follow the Money, said that INEC must strive hard to close the logistics gaps observed in the 2023 General Elections to achieve a successful Off-Cycle Elections.

“If we in CODE are saddled with the responsibility of undertaking Electoral Management, first, we will invest heavily in Logistics, which is one impediment.

“The second is Human Capital Development and training of Ad Hoc Staff in time, not a few weeks to Elections, this is because these are two major gaps we faced in the last Elections.

“This is an Off Circle Election so there should be no pressure on the Commission,” he said.

Emmanuel Njoku, the Director, Democracy and Governance, CODE, said there is a need for INEC to seek for more Electoral Reforms to tackle some issues in organising Elections in Nigeria.

Bayo Balogun, a Member of the Yiaga Africa Observer Mission at the just concluded Liberia’s Election, urged INEC to take lessons from the smooth conduct of the Election, toward improving on the November11 Off-Cycle Elections.

Balogun, is also the Chairman, House of Representatives Committee on Electoral Matters.

He said that INEC needs to change the Format of its Ballot Papers to include Photographs and Names of Candidates to improve the quality of Electoral Preferences and reduce Invalidated Votes.

“We also noticed that the Liberian National Elections Commission (NEC) displayed high devotion to Rules and Procedures throughout the Elections.

“Polling Officials displayed excellent knowledge of the Rules and enforced the Guidelines at all Election levels,” he said.

Balogun also urged National Assembly to strengthen the Electoral Laws by making Electronic Transmission of Results mandatory in future Elections in Nigeria.

He said this should include the upload of Polling Unit-Level Results and Results Sheets at different levels of Results Collation.

Balogun urged Political Stakeholders in Nigeria to demonstrate firm commitment to Democracy and Nation-Building by upholding National Values such as Patriotism, Integrity and Public Interest in Electoral Politics.

Mahmood Yakubu, INEC Chairman, acknowledged some challenges in the conduct of the last Elections as the Commission is working hard to ensure that the Elections are free, fair and credible.

“We are giving our words to Nigerians that we must open Polling Units at 8.30a.m on the dot on the Election Day.

“Therefore, Registration Area Centres (RACs) must be activated for commencement of Voting at 8.30a.m.,” Yakubu said at the Kogi Local Government (LGA) Office of the Commission during INEC Mock Accreditation for the Election in Lokoja on October14.

He said one of the main concerns of the Commission is the prevailing security challenge in the Country.

Yakubu said that the Commission is working with the Security Agencies to provide Secured Environment for peaceful and credible Elections.

“Wherever you go in Nigeria, you are sure to see two Government Offices. One is INEC. You will see an INEC Office in the LGA headed by an Electoral Officer, an Electoral Officer (EO).

You will also see the Police Office headed by a Divisional Police Officer (DPO) for the Local Government.

“So, we are everywhere working together. And I’m happy that we are working together as we prepare for the Elections,“ he said.

Yakubu said that INEC plans to deploy 46,084 Officials comprising of both Permanent and Ad Hoc Staff for the conduct of the Elections in the three States.

“While we are leaving no stone un-turned in other areas of preparation for the Governorship Elections, the Commission plans to deploy 46,084 Regular and Ad Hoc Staff for Exercise.

“We are also finalising arrangements for Vehicles and Boats for Land and Maritime movement of Personnel and Materials,” he said.

Yakubu said that such massive deployment requires a Secured Environment which he said was beyond the Commission’s immediate responsibility.

“On our part, we will continue to deepen our engagement with the Security Agencies and more Meetings are planned in the next few days.

“Similarly, the Commission will hold series of Meetings with Stakeholders at the National Level in addition to ongoing engagements at the State Levels,” he said.

The INEC Chairman expressed confidence that the Bimodal Voter Accreditation System (BVAS) would perform better in the November11 Elections.

“Last week, we conducted a Mock Accreditation involving Actual Voters in Designated Polling Units in the three States; we had two objectives for the Exercise.

“Firstly is to test the efficacy of the BVAS for Biometric Authentication of Voters; secondly, to upload the Result to the INEC Result Viewing Portal (IReV). Both Tests were successful.

“We look forward to improved performance of the BVAS in Voter Accreditation and Result uploading in the forthcoming Elections,” he said.

Yakubu said that all Non-Sensitive Materials for the Elections had been delivered to the three States, so far.

He said that the Elections would involve 5,409,438 Registered Voters in 10,510 Polling Units spread across 649 Electoral Wards in 56 Local Government Areas (LGAs).

He said that other preparatory activities, including Training, were on course, while valuable lessons learnt from the 2023 General Elections would be used to improve performance of the November11 Elections.

As preparations for the Elections hit top gears it is important that all INEC Personnel, Stakeholders and Politicians in the affected States cooperate with INEC to ensure hitch-free Polls. Failure should not be an option. 

Credit:  Ali Baba-Inuwa/NAN